RESUMO
@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> In view of both the economic importance of ethylenebisdithiocarbamate (EBDC) fungicides in the current agricultural practice and the potential health hazards associated with ethylenethiourea (ETU) exposure, this study aimed to develop and validate a high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to determine ETU in biological and environmental samples.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>METHODS:</strong> The samples were pre-treated according to sample types and were analyzed for ETU using a reversed-phase HPLC system (JASCO?) equipped with UV detector set at 230 nm using C18 bonded silica column and a mobile phase of 0.05M ammonium acetate in methanol (95:5).</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>RESULTS:</strong> The method showed a limit of detection of 0.2 ug/L, with a precision of 3.33 to 12.86 %CV and an accuracy of >90% at 1, 10 and 100 ug/L of ETU in all sample types. The calibration curve was linear from 1 to 200 ug/L for blood, air and water samples and 1 to 2000 ug/L for urine.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> This method showed an acceptable accuracy, precision, sensitivity and specificity and was used subsequently to determine ETU levels in blood, urine, air, soil and water samples among banana plantation workers.</p>
Assuntos
EtilenotioureiaRESUMO
@#<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> To evaluate potential effects of the aqueous extract of Quassia amara L. leaves on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of adult male Sprague- Dawley rats.</p><p><strong>METHODS:</strong> The cardiovascular and respiratory effects of the Quassia amara L. leaf extract on adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were assessed using non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) determination and head-out plethysmography, respectively, in a randomized, parallel group study. Mean observations of blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at different time periods after dosing. Respiratory flow and irritation effects were evaluated using mean observations of respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (TV), mid-expiratory flow rate (EF50), time of inspiration (TI) and expiration (TE), and time of break (TB) and pause (TP).</p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> There were no significant differences among the control and the treatment groups in SBP, DBP and HR parameters. The extract showed statistically significant effect on mean RR by time period (F=2.45, p=0.0234), trends over time of TV among the dose groups (F=2.00, p=0.0202), and EF50 among dose groups ((F=3.11, p=0.0422). However, these did not correlate with the changes in the time of break (TB) and time of pause (TP) which are more sensitive and specific tests for respiratory irritation.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Aqueous leaf extract of Quassia appeared to have no significant effects on SBP, DPB, Pulse pressure, and HR. There are no conclusive dose-related respiratory flow or pulmonary irritation effects.</p>