Changes in body weight, C-reactive protein, and total adiponectin in non-obese women after 12 months of a small-volume, home-based exercise program

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to evaluate the effects of small-volume, home-based exercise combined with slight caloric restriction on the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein and adiponectin. METHODS: In total, 54 women were randomly assigned to one of two groups for exercise intervention: the control or home-based exercise groups. Weight, waist and hip circumferences, and inflammatory markers were measured at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. Women allocated to the home-based exercise group received a booklet explaining the physical exercises to be practiced at home at least 3 times per week, 40 minutes per session, at low-to-moderate intensity. All participants received dietary counseling aimed at reducing caloric intake by 100-300 calories per day, with a normal distribution of macro-nutrients (26-28% of energy as fat). Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01206413 RESULTS: The home-based exercise group showed a significantly greater reduction in weight and body mass index at six months, but no difference between groups was observed thereafter. With regard to the inflammatory markers, a greater but non-statistically significant reduction was found for C-reactive protein in the home-based exercise group at six months; however, this difference disappeared after adjusting for weight change. No differences in adiponectin were found at the 6- or 12-month follow-up. CONCLUSION: Small-volume, home-based exercise did not promote changes in inflammatory markers independent of weight change. .

Appetite-related hormone levels in obese women with and without binge eating behavior / Hormônios reguladores do apetite em mulheres obesas com e sem compulsão alimentar

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of appetite-related hormones (peptide YY3-36, total ghrelin, leptin and insulin) before and after consumption of a meal in obese women with and without binge eating episodes and normal weight women. METHODS: Twenty-five women aged 32-50 years were invited to participate in this study, including 9 normal weight women without binge eating episodes (20-25kg/m², group 1), 9 obese women with binge eating episodes (³30kg/m², group 2), and 7 obese women without binge eating episodes (group 3). Four blood samples were collected from each participant, one being 60 minutes before and three being 15, 45 and 90 minutes after a meal. The composition of the meal was 55 percent carbohydrates, 15 percent protein and 30 percent lipids. RESULTS: Group 3 presented increased HOMA-IR (M=2.5, SD=1.04) when compared with group 1 (M=1.5, SD=0.53) and group 2 (M=1.8, SD=0.58), p=0.04. Body mass index (p<0.0001), leptin (p<0.0001) and insulin (p=0.01) were higher in group 3 than in the other groups before and after the meal. Additionally, total ghrelin (p=0.003) and PYY3-36 (p=0.02) levels were lower in group 2 than in the other groups before and after the meal. After adjustment for body mass index, only the lower PYY3-36 level of group 2 remained statistically different from the other groups (p=0.01). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that lower levels of PYY 3-36 are associated with binge eating in obese women.

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, antes e após a refeição, as concentrações séricas de hormônios ligados ao controle do apetite (peptídeo YY3-36, grelina total, leptina e insulina) em mulheres obesas com e sem episódios de compulsão alimentar e compará-las às mulheres de peso normal. MÉTODOS: Vinte e cinco mulheres com idade entre 32 e 50 anos foram convidadas a participar deste estudo, incluindo 9 mulheres com peso normal (20-25kg/m²) sem episódios de compulsão alimentar (grupo 1), 9 mulheres obesas (³30 kg/m²) com episódios de compulsão alimentar (grupo 2) e 7 mulheres obesas sem episódios de compulsão alimentar (grupo 3). Foram coletadas quatro amostras de sangue pós-prandiais a 60 minutos (1 hora antes), bem como 15, 45 e 90 minutos após uma refeição composta de 55 por cento de carboidratos, 15 por cento de proteínas e 30 por cento de lipídeos. RESULTADOS: O maior HOMA-IR foi observado no grupo 3 (M=2,5, DP=1,04) quando comparado ao grupo 1 (M=1,5, DP=0,53) e ao grupo 2 (M=1,8, DP=0,58), p=0,04. O índice de massa corporal (p<0,0001), a leptina (p<0,0001) e a insulina (p=0,01) foram maiores no grupo 3 antes e após a refeição. A grelina total (p=0,003) e o PYY3-36 (p=0,02) foram menores no grupo 2 antes e após a refeição. Após o ajuste do índice de massa corporal, apenas a baixa concentração de PYY3-36 no grupo 2 manteve-se estatisticamente diferente entre os grupos (p=0,01). CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo sugere que níveis baixos do PYY-3-36 estejam associados à compulsão alimentar em mulheres obesas.