Current trends in the treatment of urinary stones

In the last 2 decades, the great progress of imagine techniques, endoscopic equipments and extracorporeal lithotripsy made a revolution in the treatment of urinary stones. Urinary stones now can be treated successfully by minimal invasive procedures. The means of urinary stones treatments consist of shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), percutaneous nephrostolithotomy (PCNL), ureteroscopy (URS), laparoscopy, retroperitoneal endoscopy, and laparotomy. The trends of urinary stones treatments include treating kidney stones (big or small stones), ureteral stones (in the upper third, medium third, and lower third of ureter)

Transrectal ultrasonography and prostate biopsy

Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) in prostate cancer could show the images of multiform prostate adenomas. Specific sign is a hypoechoic area in periphery of gland. Overall, sensitivity (32%) and specificity (51%) of TRUS in diagnosis prostate cancer weren’t high. The false negative was from 30% to 40%. Two major roles of TRUS were to determine suspected lesions and to increase accuracy of prostate biopsy. TRUS techniques in diagnosis prostate cancer were: conventional TRUS, TRUS with Doppler, TRUS with contrast Doppler, and TRUS with 3D ultrasound. Under TRUS-guiding, biopsy can be performed through perineum or rectum

Extraperitoneal laparoscopic pelvic ureterolithotomy: case report

Report one case of a male patient, aged 32 years old, admitted hospital due to left sciatica for two years. Ultrasound studies discovered 3-degree left hydronephrosis due to left ureterolithiasis. The patient was extraperitoneal laparoscopic pelvic ureterolithotomy. Operation time was 130 minutes; blood loss was about 10ml. The patient refarted on the first day; drainage was pulled out on the second day and discharged on the third day after operation. He only used pain relief medication on the first postoperation day. After one week, the patient was reexamined to pull out ureteral catheter. The incision healed well. Extraperitoneal laparoscopic surgery was minimally invasive, so patient could feel comfortable in postoperative period was for s

The role of positron emission tomography in the diagnosis of urologic malignancies

Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) has a limited role in the diagnosis of prostate cancer mainly because of the low uptake of FDG in the tumor. FDG-PET has shown some advantages in the assessment of lymph nodes and bone metastases. FDG-PET has a significant potential to assist with the diagnosis and management of testicular cancer. PET has been most useful in defining the presence or absence of disease in patients with residual masses. Role of PET in renal cell carcinoma and bladder cancer is so limited. Some new marked atoms have studied to increase effects of PET in diagnosis urologic malignancies

Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery

There were some advantages of laparoscopic surgery: decrease of hospitalized time, relief of postoperative pain, high aestheticism, less effect to immune responses in body, decrease of recovery time of patients. Laparoscopic surgery has remained several disadvantages of surgical manipulations for surgeons. Robot is a vehicle that helps laparoscopic surgeons overcome this restriction. Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery has strong points: providing 3D vision, increasing clever and complex level of surgical manipulations, minimizing vibration amplitude of tools, implementation in limited space. Weak points included losing of feeling when touch to surgical tissue, high cost equipment and surgery. Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery is applied in gynaecological surgeries, urinary surgeries, heart surgeries, general surgery (cholecystectomy, Nissen procedures, etc)

Retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy in children: The first case in Vietnam

An 11 years old male patient hospitalized with a left nates pain constantly from a baby. Sometimes he had fevers with hematocyturia. Belly examination had without tumor. Laparoscopy discovered a whole left kidney with water. Some cysts had turbid liquid. The level of creatinin serum was 7mg/L. Netroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy had been operated for this patient on September 1st 2004. The operating time was 100 minutes, and blood loss was 20 ml. The patient was discharged 4 days after surgery. Netroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy could been performed in children. Surgery had few invasion, the operating time was no longer than open surgery, but the recover progresion was shorter after operation

Laparoscopic management of renal cystic disease

Laparoscopic management of renal cystic disease is a safe and effective method for treating those cysts that have indications for surgical intervention. Long term results of treatment of simple cysts, peripelvic cysts, indeterminate cysts and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease are so good. The approach - transperitoneal or retroperitoneal - depend on the disease, anatomic location and the preference and expertise of surgeons

Bilateral urinary stones treated by minimally invasive surgery: 2 cases report

Presention of 2 cases of bilateral urinary lithiasis treated totally by minimally invasive surgey: percutaneous nephrolithotomy, ureteroscopy and retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery. If well equipped, almost all cases of urolithiasis could be treated by minimally invasive surgery

Adrenal tumors: surgical treatment

Both benign and malignant tumors in adrenal glands could make hypersecretion syndrom arised. Benign tumor usually has small size, homogenous intensity on cross-section. Opening surgery to remove the adrenal gland remains a safe and effective operation. However, a well trained surgeons can remove the tumors by endoscopy. It is an invasive interference with a short term hospitalisation with very low rate of complications.

Conservative management of a retroperitoneal bowel perforation after percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Latrogenic extraperitoneal bowel perforation accounts for 0.8% of potential adverse events of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Most of perforated cases were detected post-operatively because of non-specific clinical symptoms. Conservative management may be performed in cases of retroperitoneal injuries by using separation technique of colon from involved kidney to prevent the formation of fistula.