A phase Ⅲ randomized controlled study of a domestic endoscopic robot used in radical prostatectomy / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Toumai ? endoscopic robotic system in radical prostatectomy. Methods:This study was a single-center phase Ⅲ randomized controlled study. From June 2020 to January 2021, patients with prostate cancer who met the inclusion criteria in Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Naval Military Medical University were divided into the experimental group and the control group by random table method. Inclusion criteria included aged 18 to 80 years, pathologically diagnosed as prostate cancer, clinical stage ≤T 2N 0M 0. Exclusion criteria included patients requiring emergency surgery, having serious cardiovascular diseases and cannot tolerate surgery, having participated in other investigational drug or device clinical trials within the last 3 months. The experimental group used Toumai ? laparoscopic robotic system, and the continence group used the Da Vinci robotic system. The patients in both groups underwent radical prostatectomy via a transabdominal approach, which was performed by two surgeons. The clinical characteristics between the two groups were compared, related adverse events were recorded, and PSA and urinary continence were followed up one month after the operation. Results:A total of 44 patients were enrolled in this study, including 22 cases in the experimental group and 22 cases in the control group. The mean age of patients in the trial group and the control group was (67.7±7.5) years and (66.4±6.3) years, respectively. The median PSA at diagnosis was 10.5 (7.7, 23.7) ng/ ml and 13.5 (8.9, 24.7) ng/ ml, respectively. Biopsy Gleason score of 6, 7, 8 and 9 in experimental group were 13.6% (3/22), 68.2% (15/22), 4.5% (1/22) and 13.6% (3/22), respectively, and in the control group were 4.5% (1/22), 59.1% (13/22), 22.7% (5/22) and 13.6% (3/22) respectively. The middle risk and high risk group in the experimental group was 50.0% (11/22), 50.0% (11/22), and the control group was 36.4% (8/22), 63.6% (14/22). There was no statistical difference between the two groups.The operations in both groups were successfully performed. There were no conversions to open or laparoscopic surgeries, and no Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅲcomplications. There was no significant difference in the estimated blood loss during the operation [(109.1±51.6)ml vs.(94.5±51.6)ml] and the blood transfusion rate [9.1%(2/22)vs. 4.5%(1/22)] in both groups. The operation time was significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group [164.5(130.5, 214.3) min vs. 88.0(65.3, 110.5)min, P<0.001]. The positive rate of surgical margin was 13.6% (3/22) in the experimental group and 36.4% (8/22) in the control group, respectively, showing no significant difference. The pathologic stages of pT 2, pT 3a and pT 3bin experimental group were 63.6% (14/22), 13.6% (3/22) and 22.7% (5/22), respectively, while those in control group were 36.3% (8/22), 40.9% (9/22) and 22.7% (5/22), respectively, showing no significant difference. The recovery rates of urine control in the experimental group and the control group were 22.7% (5/22) and 22.7% (5/22), respectively. The median PSA in the experimental group and the control group were 0.055 (0.021, 0.103) ng/ ml and 0.032 (0.010, 0.089) ng/ ml, respectively, with no statistical difference. Conclusions:The Toumai ? endoscopic robotic system can successfully perform radical prostatectomy, based on insignificant difference from Da Vinci robotic system in safety and efficacy. The short-term follow-up showed that tumor control and urinary continence have recovered well in the test group. The long-term effect of the new system on tumor control and functional recovery after radical prostatectomy needs further multi-center studies.

Validation of the China-PAR Equations for Cardio-cerebrovascular Risk Prediction in the Inner Mongolian Population / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the China-PAR equations in predicting the 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the Inner Mongolians population. A population-based, prospective cohort of 2,589 Mongolians were followed up from 2003 to 2012. Participants were categorized into 4 subgroups according to their 10-year CVD risks calculated using the China-PAR equations: < 5%, 5%-9.9%, 10%-19.9%, and ⪖ 20%. The China-PAR equations discriminated well with good C statistics (range, 0.76-0.86). The adjusted hazard ratios for CVD showed an increasing trend among the 4 subgroups (P for trend < 0.01). However, the China-PAR equations underestimated the 10-year CVD risk in Mongolians, and the calibration was unsatisfactory (Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 = 19.98, P < 0.01 for men, χ2 = 46.58, P < 0.001 for women). The performance of the China-PAR equations warrants further validation in other ethnic groups in China.

Detecting haplotypes of four Y-STR by multiplex amplification / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To establish a multiplexing Y-STR system and study haplotype frequencies of 4 Y-specific loci in China Han population.@*METHODS@#DYS439, DYS390, GATA-A7.2 and DYS393 loci were amplified simultaneously and were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining.@*RESULTS@#When 558 unrelated male individuals from the Han population in China were tested by the multiplex system, DYS439, DYS390, GATA-A7.2 and DYS393 show 7,7,7,6 alleles, respectively. 180 different haplotypes were detected. The power of discrimination of this system was 0.9853.@*CONCLUSION@#The multiplex amplified system of these 4 Y-specific loci and their database are useful for human origin exploration and forensic practice.