Comparison of visual function before and after wearing amber filter in low vision patients with primary retinitis pigmentosa / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To compare the visual function of low-vision patients with primary retinal pigmentosa(RP)before and after wearing amber filter.METHODS: Self-control before and after study. A total of 30 patients(60 eyes)with low vision who were diagnosed with primary RP in the ophthalmology clinic of Xi'an No.1 Hospital from August 2021 to March 2022 were collected. The uncorrected distance visual acuity(UCDVA), best-corrected distance visual acuity(BCDVA), uncorrected near visual acuity(UCNVA), best-corrected near visual acuity(BCNVA), visual field and Farnsworth-Munsell(FM)-100 color visions were recorded before and after wearing amber filter. The contrast sensitivity(CS)in three visual environments including bright room, darkroom and darkroom with glare was measured and recorded respectively, and the changes of those parameters were analyzed before and after wearing filter.RESULTS: UCDVA and BCDVA after wearing the filter were better than those before wearing(t=-2.32, P<0.001; t=-6.77, P<0.001), while there was no statistically significant difference in UCNVA and BCNVA before and after wearing filter. The visual field index(VFI)after wearing filter was lower than that before wearing(t=8.62, P<0.001), and the mean defect(MD)of visual field was greater than that before wearing(t=7.73, P<0.001). FM100 color chess test showed that both total error score(TES)and partial error score(PES)in multiple regions were higher than those before wearing filter(P<0.001). After wearing, the CS of each frequency band in the environment of bright room and darkroom with glare was higher than that before wearing(P<0.001), and there was no statistically significant difference in each frequency band before and after wearing amber filter under the environment of darkroom without glare.CONCLUSION: Patients with low vision of primary RP showed improved UCDVA and BCDVA, but unchanged UCNVA and BCNVA after wearing amber filter, while the visual field and color discrimination were worse than those before wearing filter. The CS of the bright room and darkroom with glare environment was improved than before wearing filter, while there were no significant changes in CS under darkroom without glare.

Effects of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction on tear film and ocular surface / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the effects of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction(PANDO)on the tear film and ocular surface using LipiView ocular surface interferometer and Keratograph 5M anterior segment analyzer.METHODS: A self-controlled clinical trials. A total of 40 patients diagnosed with unilateral PANDO for at least 6mo who were admitted to our department from September 2021 to March 2022 were enrolled in the study, and the healthy eyes of the patients were assessed as control group. The LipiView ocular surface interferometer and Keratograph 5M anterior segment analyzer were used to measure the changes in related parameters of the tear film and ocular surface in both eyes.RESULTS: The non-invasive tear meniscus height(NITMH), stimulated NITMH, loss rate of upper meibomian gland, nasal and temporal ciliary redness index, temporal conjunctival redness index of the affected eyes were higher than healthy eyes(P<0.05), but there were no statistical differences in the non-invasive break-up time(NIBUT), loss rate of lower meibomian gland, nasal conjunctival redness index, dry eye grading, blink responses, partial blink rate and lipid layer thickness(LLT)between the both eyes(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: PANDO may lead to the aggravation of ocular surface inflammation and the loss of upper meibomian gland, and damage the ocular surface of patients. Attention should be paid to the early treatment of PANDO.

Progress and prospect of biological treatment for rotator cuff injury repair / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To review the research progress in biotherapy of rotator cuff injury in recent years, in order to provide help for clinical decision-making of rotator cuff injury treatment.@*METHODS@#The literature related to biotherapy of rotator cuff injury at home and abroad in recent years was widely reviewed, and the mechanism and efficacy of biotherapy for rotator cuff injury were summarized from the aspects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), growth factors, stem cells, and exosomes.@*RESULTS@#In order to relieve patients' pain, improve upper limb function, and improve quality of life, the treatment of rotator cuff injury experienced an important change from conservative treatment to open surgery to arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair plus a variety of biotherapy methods have become the mainstream of clinical treatment. All kinds of biotherapy methods have ideal mid- and long-term effectiveness in the repair of rotator cuff injury. The biotherapy method to promote the healing of rotator cuff injury is controversial and needs to be further studied.@*CONCLUSION@#All kinds of biotherapy methods show a good effect on the repair of rotator cuff injury. It will be an important research direction to further develop new biotherapy technology and verify its effectiveness.

Analyze on the value of conjunctival impression cytology in the diagnosis of allergic conjunctivitis / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To investigate the value of conjunctival impression cytology(CIC)in the diagnosis of allergic conjunctivitis(AC). <p>METHODS: A case-control study. Forty patients(80 eyes)who were clinically diagnosed with AC in our department from January to February 2021 were included in the study,and 40 normal controls(80 eyes)were enrolled too. All subjects underwent double upper palpebral CIC examinations. Observed the morphology and number of conjunctival eosinophils and carried out Tseng classification in each group. To Compare the differences between the results of the two groups and analyze the effects of gender, age and course of disease on the results of CIC eosinophil examination in AC group.<p>RESULTS: The positive rate of eosinophils in the upper palpebral CIC examination of AC patients was significantly higher than that of the normal control group(χ²=57.744, <i>P</i><0.001); The Tseng grade of AC patients was also higher than that of the normal control group(<i>Z</i>=-2.453, <i>P</i><0.05). Gender, age and course of disease had no significant effect on the results of CIC eosinophils in AC group(all <i>P</i> >0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: CIC examination is simple, and the result is objective and accurate. It has good application value in the diagnosis of AC.

A Systematic Review of the Development and Psychometric Properties of Constipation-related Patient-reported Outcome Measures: Opportunities for Digital Health

Background/Aims@#Constipation can be a chronic condition that impacts daily functioning and quality of life (QoL). To aid healthcare providers in accurately assessing patient symptoms and treatment outcomes, patient-related outcome measures (PROMs) have been increasingly adopted in clinical settings. This review aims to (1) evaluate the methodological quality and measurement properties of constipationrelated PROMs, using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INtruments (COSMIN) criteria; and (2) assess the modes of digital dissemination of constipation-related PROMs. @*Methods@#PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched and 11 011 records ranging from 1989 to 2020 were screened by 2 independent reviewers. A total of 26 studies (23 PROMs; 18 measuring symptom-related items and 5 measuring constipation-related QoL items) were identified for the review and assessed. @*Results@#There were multiple variations between PROMs, including subtypes of constipation, methods of administration, length of PROM and recall period. While no PROM met all the COSMIN quality standards for development and measurement properties, 5 constipationrelated PROMs received at least 4 (out of 7) sufficient ratings. Only 2 PROMs were developed in Asia. Five PROMs were administered through digital methods during the validation process but methods of adapting the PROMs into digital formats were not reported. @*Conclusions@#The constipation-related PROMs identified in this review present varying quality of development and validation, with an overall need for improvement. Further considerations should be given towards more consistent methodology and reporting of PROM development, increase in culturally-specific PROMs, and better reporting of protocol for the digitization of PROMs.

Clinical Study on Expression of Tumor Abnormal Glycoproteins in Patients with Gastrointestinal Malignancies after Fluorouracil-based Chemotherapy / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To acquire the expressing information about tumor abnormal glycoprotein (TAP) in the peripheral blood of the gastric cancer patients who are treated with fluorouracil and the colorectal cancer patients treated with fluorouracil, and to discuss the factors that affect its expression and its clinical significance. METHODS: This research was conducted on the basis of 99 gastric cancer patients and colorectal cancer patients whose diseases were pathologically diagnosed from May to December, 2018, including 53 gastric cancer patients treated with fluorouracil and paclitaxel and 46 colorectal cancer patients treated with fluorouracil and oxaliplatin. It tested their TAP values, collected the basic information, the type of the cancer, the stage of the cancer, serum tumor markers, etc. of the patients as well as analyzed the differences of the expression of TAP in gastrointestinal tumors with different characteristics. RESULTS: The expression value of TAP in the peripheral blood of the gastrointestinal cancer patients is (158.11±33.63), and the expression of TAP value has no statistical differences in the expression of different sexes, ages, types of the cancer, clinical stages and serum tumor markers. CONCLUSION: The fact that the expression of TAP has no differences in the gastrointestinal cancer patients with different characteristics can't be taken as the basis of identifying or diagnosing gastrointestinal tumors which are different in character.

Conbercept pre-treatment combined with vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy / 眼科新进展

Objective To discuss the intraoperative and postoperative effects of conbercept combined with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients.Methods From January 2016 to December 2016,123 PDR patients (149 eyes) aged 41-65 years old with nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage (VH) and/or tractional retinal detachment (TRD) were enrolled in this study.According to whether preoperative intravitreal injection conbercept,the patients were divided into two groups:Conbercept group (64 cases,78 eyes),Control group (59 cases,71 eyes).Conbercept group was treated with intravitreal injection of Conbercept 0.50 mg (0.05 mL) at 3 days before PPV.Then the standard 23G minimally invasive sclera three-channel vitrectomy was performed if no significant complications after the injection of conbercept.The operation time,intraoperative bleeding,iatrogenic retinal hole,use of endodiathermy and silicone oil,and postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed.The visual acuity and macuiar thickness were compared before and 1 month after the surgery.Results Two groups had no difference on age,sex,HbA1 C,duration,VH ≥ three degree(56/78,45/71),TRD.Conbercept pretreatment could significantly reduce the bleeding during PPV (43/78,49/71),the probability of iatrogeuic retinal holes (11/78,21/71),reduce intraocular electrocoagulation using (57/78,62/71) and silicone oil (43/78,51/71),and then shorten the operation time (58.63 ± 21.66)s and (72.69 ± 22.48)s,and it could significantly improve the postoperative visual acuity (0.23 ± 0.15,0.16 ± 0.11) and macular edema thickness (260.95 ± 27.44) μm and (330.81 ± 36.62)μm,while reduce the incidence of second bleeding (3/78,10/71).Conclusion Conbercept pre-treatment combined with PPV for PDR is a positive and effective treatment,which has good clinical application significance.

Efficacy comparison of Conbercept and Ranibizumab as pre-treatment for pars plana vitrectomy in proliferative diabetic retinopathy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To analyze the effects of two kinds of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs, conbercept and ranibizumab, on proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients as pre-treatment for pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).METHODS: From June 2016 to December 2016, 62 patients (64 eyes) aged 41-59 years old diagnosed with PDR with nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage (VH) and/or tractional retinal detachment (TRD) requiring PPV were enrolled in our study.Patients were treated with intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs 0.50mg (0.05mL) 3d before PPV.Then the standard 23G minimally invasive sclera three-channel vitrectomy was performed where there were no significant complications after the injection of anti-VEGF drugs.The operation time, intraoperative bleeding, iatrogenic retinal breaks, the use of endodiathermy and silicone oil, and postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed.We compared and analyzed the visual acuity and macular thickness before and 1mo after the surgery with the preoperative data.RESULTS: Both conbercept and ranibizumab could improve the postoperative visual acuity and reduce the postoperative macular thickness of PPV.There was no significant difference between the impacts of two kinds of anti-VEGF drug pre-treatment on operation time, intraoperative bleeding, iatrogenic retinal breaks, the use of endodiathermy, silicone oil filling and postoperative vitreous secondary hemorrhage.CONCLUSION: The effects of conbercept and ranibizumab pre-treatment were similar.PPV combined with anti-VEGF pre-treatment could improve postoperative visual acuity and macular edema.The choice of conbercept or ranibizumab should be made flexibly according to the actual situation of patients.

Relationship of Arrhythmia and Electrical Parameters after Transcatheter Closure of Ventricular Septal Defect / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To study the ralationship of arrhythmias and heart electrical parameters changes after transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) .Method 50 patients had been successfully finnished the transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect,and then we observed ralationship of arrhythmias and heart electrical parameters changes. Results (1) Compared with the situation of VSD occluder preoperative and postoperative, during follow-up there were 20 arrhythmia cases, including bundle branch block 16 cases, including the complete left bundle branch block 2 cases,complete right bundle branch block 4 cases,a transient third-degree trioventricular conduction block 1 case, most return to normal in the follow-up. 2 Intracavitary electrogram showed before and after transcatheter closure:A-V conduction parameters A-H,H-V value of (75.10 ± 14.34) ms vs (80.67±23.03) ms and (47.9±12.61) ms vs (50.07±15.23) ms,the difference was not statistically significant ( >0.05) . Conclusions (1) Some patients with new ECG changes after transcatheter closure of VSD, manifested as an increase in bundle branch block in a week, but most return to normal,the prognosis is good. (2) Intraoperative A-H,H-V extension is not related with with postoperative slow arrhythmia;(3) Arrhythmia is a common complication after VSD transcatheler closure, to strictly selecte indications,and to avoid too large diameter are the effective measures to reduce the arrhythmias after transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) .

Asymmetric occluder in minimal-invasive surgical device closure of ventricular septal defects / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To discuss the suitable types of ventricular septal defects for asymmetric occluders, and elucidate the critical role of echocardiography in choosing occluders, guiding successful occlusion and avoiding injury during operation.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively studied 179 patients with ventricular septal defects who received minimal-invasive surgical device closure with asymmetric occluder. We analyzed the types, size and morphology of ventricular septal defects suitable for asymmetric occluders. The therapeutic efficiency was evaluated by follow-ups.@*RESULTS@#Out of the 179 successful cases treated with asymmetric occluders, 86.59% had perimembranous ventricular septal defects, and double-committed sub-arterial ventricular septal defects accounted for 13.41%. In general, the size of occluders to be selected was the maximum diameter of the defects plus 2-3 mm. Follow-ups showed that occluders were placed and fixed properly. No severe residual shunt, valve regurgitation or heart block were discovered.@*CONCLUSION@#Application of asymmetric occluders expands the range of indications for occlusion via small chest incision. Accurate echocardiography helps to improve the safety and successful rate of the surgery.

Echocardiography in mini-invasive surgical device closure of secundum atrial septal defects / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To discuss the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative application of echocardiography in mini-invasive surgical device closure of secundum atrial septal defects, including those special and difficulty-occluded defects.@*METHODS@#We performed mini-invasive surgical device closure of secundum atrial septal defects on 287 patients. Before the surgery, transthoracic echocardiography was applied for screening; during the surgery we reassessed the sizes of the defects and their remaining margins, designated the suitable occluders, and guided the placement of the occluders by multiplane transesophageal echocardiography. The patients were postoperatively followed up at regular intervals by multiplane transesophageal echocardiography (MTEE) which was employed to assess the therapeutic efficacy.@*RESULTS@#Out of the 287 atrial septal defects, 276 (96.17%) were successfully closed. There were 37 porous defects and 23 cases with short posterior-inferior margin of defects. Follow-ups at intervals showed the occluders stayed firmly and echoed clearly. No notable residual shunt or valve regurgitation was observed.@*CONCLUSION@#Echocardiography plays a vital and reliable role in mini-invasive surgical device closure of secundum atrial septal defects, especially those special and difficulty-occluded defects.

Efficacy comparison between micro invasive occlusion procedure and extracorporeal circulation procedure for treating patients with simple ventricular septal defect / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy between micro invasive occlusion procedure and extracorporeal circulation procedure for treating patients with simple ventricular septal defect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and twenty patients with simple ventricular septal defect (except subarterial ventricular septal defect) were randomly divided into micro invasive group (n = 116) and traditional cardiopulmonary bypass surgery group (n = 104). Clinical data were collected and compared at baseline and at 3, 30 and 180 days after surgery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Age, gender, body weight and ventricular septal defect type were similar between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Operation time and hospitalization duration were significantly shorter in the micro invasive group than the traditional cardiopulmonary bypass surgery group (all P < 0.05). The proportion of blood transfusion was less in micro invasive group than the traditional cardiopulmonary bypass surgery group [2.59% (3/116) vs. 72.12% (75/104), P < 0.01]. Three days after surgery, incidence of mild and above tricuspid insufficiency was less in micro invasive group than the traditional cardiopulmonary bypass surgery group [0.86% (1/116) vs. 2.88% (3/104), P < 0.05]. There was one patient developed mild pericardial effusion at 30 days post surgery in micro invasive group. There was no intracardiac infection in the two groups during follow-up. At 30 and 180 days post surgery, incidence of residual shunt was also less in micro invasive group than the traditional cardiopulmonary bypass surgery group [1.72% (2/116) vs. 7.69 (8/104) and 0(0/116) vs. 7.69(8/104), all P < 0.05]. After surgery for 3, 30 and 180 days, transthoracic echocardiography derived chamber size, left ventricular end-diastolic volume index and left ventricular ejection fraction were similar between the two groups (all P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The efficacy is similar for patients with simple ventricular septal defect (except subarterial ventricular septal defect) using micro invasive occlusion therapy or extracorporeal circulation surgery. Micro invasive occlusion procedure can shorten operation and hospitalization time, and reduce the need for blood transfusion and risk of developing procedural-related tricuspid insufficiency and post-procedural residual shunt.</p>

Echo-cardiography-guided occlusion of ventricular septal defect via small chest incision / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To elucidate the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative utility of echocardiographic technology in occlusion of ventricular septal defect (VSD) via small chest incision.@*METHODS@#We performed occlusion of VSD via small chest incision in 446 children. Before surgery, a multiple-section transthoracic echo-cardiogram (TTE) was employed to evaluate various parameters (including the size, position, and type) of the VSD region as well as the condition of neighboring tissues. During surgery we reassured the size of the occluder, meanwhile, guiding placement of the occluder by transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE). Patients also received postoperative follow-ups at regular intervals.@*RESULTS@#Out of the 446 VSD cases, the defects of 412 patients were successfully closed; a 92.4% successful rate. All patients received follow-ups one year after operation. The occluders had stayed firmly and echoed clearly. No notable residual shunt or valve regurgitation was discovered.@*CONCLUSION@#During occlusion of VSD via small chest incision, echo-cardiogram technology (including TTE and TEE) can play a vital role by helping screen cases preoperatively, by guiding the closure intraoperatively, and by evaluating therapeutic efficacy postoperatively, providing relatively accurate and accountable results at all stages.

Reoperative valve surgery after open-heart valve surgery: a report of 155 cases / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To summarize the characteristics of reoperative valve surgery after previous open-heart valve surgery.@*METHODS@#From 1996 to 2010, 155 patients who underwent reoperative valve surgery, either valve replacement or tricuspid annuloplasty or the repair of perivalvular leakage were included in the study. The reoperative interval was 1-266 (94.82 ± 85.37) months. All surgeries were carried out with extracorporeal circulation under moderated hypothermia. The cardioplegic solution in cold crystal or blood was used if heart beating was stopped during the surgery.@*RESULTS@#The total in-hospital mortality was 5.81%, while it was 2.75% from 2005 to 2010. The end-diastolic dimension, size of atrium and ventricles were reduced after the reoperation. Ventricular arrhythmia and low cardiac output were the most frequent complications.@*CONCLUSION@#The success rate of reoperative valve surgery can be improved by the distinctive therapeutic strategies based on the clinical characteristics and therapy principles obtained from practice experiences.

Evaluation of minimally invasive peratrial device closure of secundum atrial septal defects in children / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To introduce peratrial device closure of secundum atrial septal defects (ASD) under the guidance of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in children, and to summarize the clinical experiences.@*METHODS@#A total of 115 children with secundum ASD (the occlusion group) underwent peratrial device closure of atrial septal defects through a small sternotomy under TEE guidance without cardiopulmonary bypass. Children were followed up closely for 1-13 months. Another 59 children (the bypass group) had closed atrial septal defects under cardiopulmonary bypass during the same period. The differences in the operation duration, convalescence and complication between the 2 groups were compared.@*RESULTS@#Except 1 patient was operated under the CPB, the rest 114 patients in the occlusion group were successfully closed by the occluders. The duration of the operation, mechanical ventilation, intensive care and hospitalization, and the rate of blood-transfusion in the occlusion group were significantly lower than those in the bypass group (P0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Minimally invasive peratrial device closure of ASD without CPB is a relatively simple, safe and effective operation under the guidance of TEE for children. The short and mid-term clinical outcomes are promising. Long-term follow-up is indispensable.

Unidirectional valved patch for congenital heart disease with severe pulmonary hypertension / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of unidirectional valved patch (UVP) for congenital heart disease (CHD) with severe pulmonary hypertension (PH).@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed the treatment of 37 CHD patients with severe PH by UVP in the operation, and summarized its short-term to mid-term effect to find an optimum therapeutic regimen.@*RESULTS@#Before the operation, the ECG showed that the mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) ranged 65-72 mmHg, and the cardiac catheterization showed the pulmonary artery pressure ranged 80-120 mmHg, P(P)/P(A) ranged 0.8-1.05,PVR ranged 8.5-19.2 (under oxygen inhalation 6.8-14.6) wood unit.After the operation, P(P)/P(A) ranged 0.4-0.72 on weaning-off CPB. Postoperative ECG showed the MPAP ranged 32-48 mmHg. No pulmonary hypertension crisis occurred and no patient died. Mechanical ventilation time ranged from 32 h to 8 d and the SaO₂ ranged 93%-96% at rest after the extubation.The right-to-left shunt situations by ECG were as follows:22 cases had shunt 5 d after the operation, 11 cases had shunt 1 month after the operation,4 cases 3 months after the operation, and none 1 year after the operation but one patient lost follow-up.However,there were no long-term follow-up data: 12 patients had a 1-year follow-up, 5 patients had a 3-year follow-up, and most patients had just 3-month follow-up.@*CONCLUSION@#UVP can decrease the operative risk in CHD with severe PH at perioperative period. The short-term to mid-term effect is satisfactory, while long-term effect remains uncertain.

Biological control of aflatoxin contamination of crops / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Aflatoxins produced primarily by two closely related fungi, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, are mutagenic and carcinogenic in animals and humans. Of many approaches investigated to manage aflatoxin contamination, biological control method has shown great promise. Numerous organisms, including bacteria, yeasts and nontoxigenic fungal strains of A. flavus and A. parasiticus, have been tested for their ability in controlling aflatoxin contamination. Great successes in reducing aflatoxin contamination have been achieved by application of nontoxigenic strains of A. flavus and A. parasiticus in fields of cotton, peanut, maize and pistachio. The nontoxigenic strains applied to soil occupy the same niches as the natural occurring toxigenic strains. They, therefore, are capable of competing and displacing toxigenic strains. In this paper, we review recent development in biological control of aflatoxin contamination.

Early surgical treatment for infants with large atrial septal defects or ventricular septal defects complicated by pneumonia: experience of 39 cases / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This research reported the experience of early surgical treatment for infants with large atrial septal defects (ASD) or ventricular septal defects (VSD) complicated by pneumonia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between January 2003 and January 2008, 39 infants with large ASD or VSD complicated by pneumonia were admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital. Thirty-six patients underwent surgical repair within 7-10 days after pneumonia had been controlled. Mean age was 5.4+/-3.4 months and mean weight was 4.7+/-1.6 kg in the 36 patients. Three patients received conservative treatment due to uncontrolled lung infections.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 36 patients, 33 had successful surgery and 3 (8.3%) died of serious low cardiac output (n=1) or respiratory failure due to congenital tracheostenosis (n=2). The 33 survivors showed normal growth and development in a 6 month-5 year follow-up. Of the 3 patients receiving conservative treatment, 1 died of cardiopulmonary failure and 2 were discharged after the symptoms had been improved.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>With increasing medical experience and technique, early surgical operation may be performed with good outcomes in infants with large ASD or VSD complicated by pneumonia.</p>

Establishing the model of myocardial infarction by ligation of the Left anterior descending branch in rats / 中国医师杂志

Objective To establish the model of myocardial infarction by ligation of the left anterior descending branch in rats.Method Adult inbred strain Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham group(n=6) and model groups(n=79).Model of myocardial infarction were established by ligation of the left anterior descending branch.The electrocardiogram(ECG),HE staining tissue sections,and heart function of the rats were compared in the two groups.Results Rats in the model group had showed special changes of ST-T and Q wave in ECG,show serious necrosis of myocytes and proliferation of fibrous tissue compared with rats in the sham group.The left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP),left ventricular develop pressure(LVDP),?dp/dt_(max),heart rate(HR) were significantly decreased in the rats of model group than those of the sham group(P