RESUMO
The object of this study is to determine the antioxidant activity of extracts from Glycyrrhiza glabra roots. The parent extract is methanolic extract while its sub fractions were prepared in ethyl acetate, chloroform, and n-butanol. The method based on scavenging activity and reduction capability of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical [DPPH]. Urease inhibition activities of these extracts were also evaluated. Chloroform fraction was the most effective antioxidant with 87.7% activity but the activity is less than the crude methanolic extract i.e. 90%. Chloroform fraction showed the same trend in reducing power as that in radical scavenging activity. However n-butanol extract was devoid of any activity when compared to standard BHA. Crude methanolic fraction and its sub-fractions were also screened for enzyme inhibition activities using jackbean urease as substrate. Significant anti urease activity i.e. 72% was observed in the ethyl acetate fraction with respect to standard inhibitor thiourea
RESUMO
To compare the efficacy of topical ciprofloxacin 0.3% with tobramycin 0.3% ophthalmic solution for treating the Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis in the rabbits. P. aeruginosa was isolated from infected human eye of patients attending Akhtar Eye Hospital, Karachi. Rabbits were obtained from the animal house of Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research [PCSIR]. Experimental bacterial keratitis was induced in rabbits by corneal intrastromal injection. Infection proceeded for 24 hours; all eyes developed corneal ulcer without pretreatment with immunosuppressive agents. Topical ciprofloxacin 0.3% and tobramycin 0.3% ophthalmic solutions were applied in the eyes of test group rabbits and normal saline solutions 0.9% was applied in the eyes of control group rabbits for 72 hours respectively. Corneas were then removed and corneal homogenates were plated with serial dilutions for quantitative bacteriology. Culture results from 20 corneas of the test group rabbits and 6 of the control group were studied. In the test group that was treated with ciprofloxacin, 10 of 10 corneas were sterile while 5 of 10 corneas in the test group II that was treated with tobramycin were sterile after 72 hours of treatment. In control group 6 of 6 corneas were still positive. It is found that ciprofloxacin 0.3% is superior to tobramycin 0.3% solution in treating experimental P. aeruginosa keratitis in rabbit's model. It is concluded that ciprofloxacin 0.3% solution was superior for P. aeruginosa compared to tobramycin 0.3% solution in treating experimental keratitis in rabbit's model