Analysis of medium and long term efficacy of ossicle chain bypass technique in treatment of tympanosclerosis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:For tympanosclerosis patients with ossicular chain fixation, we use ossicular chain bypass technique and evaluate its long-term effects. Methods:From June 2017 to June 2019, 147 patients with tympanosclerosis who underwent middle ear surgery with otoscopy in Yinchuan First People's Hospital were reviewed. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the implemented operation plan, 51 cases in the ossicular chain mobilization group（OCM）, 56 cases in the ossicular chain bypass reconstruction group（OCB）, and 40 cases in the malleus-incus complex resection reconstruction group（MICR）. Through a three-year follow-up, the medium and long-term effects of different operation plans were compared and analyzed. Results:There was no significant difference among the three groups in the incidence of tympanic membrane perforation, delayed facial nerve palsy, and the dispatch and displacement of PORP. The incidence of tympanic membrane retraction pocket or cholesteatoma after operation in OCB group（0） was significantly lower than that in OCM group（11.76%） and MICR group（7.5%）（P<0.05）. At 12 months after operation, ΔABG of OCB group and MICR group were better than that in the OCM group（P<0.05）. At 36 months after operation, ΔABG of OCB group was better than that in the OCM group（P<0.05）, and there was no significant difference between OCB group and MICR group. The audiological performance of patients with epitympanic sclerosis（ETS） at 12, 24 and 36 months after operation was better than that of patients with posterior tympanosclerosis（PTS） and total tympanosclerosis（TTS）（P<0.05）. Conclusion:Compared with patients undergoing ossicular chain mobilization and malleus-incus complex resection for ossicular chain reconstruction, patients with tympanosclerosis undergoing bypass technique have better and stable hearing prognosis in medium and long term. This technique can effectively prevent the formation of retracted pocket and cholesteatoma in patients with tympanosclerosis after operation.

Epidemiological investigation of allergic rhinitis in Ningxia / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of allergic rhinitis (AR) in Ningxia and to analyze its related factors.@*Methods@#From March to September of 2013, a multi-stage and cluster sampling method was used to investigate the diagnosis and treatment of AR in Ningxia Area (3 years and above). Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis (2009, Wuyishan) was used as the basis for the diagnosis of adult AR, while Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of pediatric allergic rhinitis (2010, Chongqing) was used as the basis for children. SPSS 16.0 software was used to complete the statistical analysis.@*Results@#The total number of questionnaires was 6 000, and the number of effective questionnaire was 5 236, the recovery rate was 87.27%. With 684 cases diagnosed of AR, the prevalence of AR in Ningxia was 13.06% (684/5 236), including 13.40% (325/2 425) of males, 12.77% (359/2 811) of females. The difference was not statistically significant (χ2=0.456, P>0.05). There was significant difference in the prevalence between Hui and Han [14.35% (452/3 150) vs 11.12% (232/2 086), χ2=11.51, P<0.05]. According to ARIA criteria, persistent AR was 27.63% (189/684), intermittent AR was 72.37% (495/684). The month with highest incidence of AR in Ningxia Area was September, accounting for 71.78% (491/684). The prevalence of urban population was 14.54%, with the prevalence of rural population was 11.90%, and the difference was significant between urban and rural residents (χ2=7.90, P<0.05). The age group with highest prevalence rate was 21~30 years old. The main inhalation allergens were mugwort (68.42%), weeds (58.48%) and ragweed (55.56%). The main dietary allergens were wheat flour (14.33%), peanut (13.74%) and walnut kernel (11.99%). The most common complication was allergic conjunctivitis [82.02% (561/684)].@*Conclusion@#The epidemiology of AR in Ningxia Area is preliminarily understood, which will provide the epidemiological evidence for the prevention and treatment of AR and the formulation of public health policy.

The correlation of allergic rhinitis and trace elements in Ningxia region / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation of allergic rhinitis and trace elements and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention of allergic rhinitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and six patients were diagnosed as allergic rhinitis in General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between January and December in 2010, including 48 cases of perennial allergic rhinitis and 58 cases of seasonal allergic rhinitis. In the same time, one hundred and three healthy volunteers were selected as control. Intravenous blood 3-5 ml were obtained from all subjects both in experimental group and in control group. The content of Ca, Ni, Fe, Mg, Zn, Sr, Mn, Cu, Se in serum and hair was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The t-test (SPSS 16.0) was used to compare the results of trace elements in serum between allergic rhinitis and control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The testing results of trace elements in AR patients serum and normal controls serum were as follows: Cu, Ni (1 002.18 ± 104.62) µg/L, (21.58 ± 5.54) mg/L were super than control group, (832.78 ± 50.45) µg/L, (17.04 ± 4.93) mg/L (t value was 15.545, 5.154, both P < 0.05). But the content of Zn, Se (793.48 ± 46.88) µg/L, (84.25 ± 12.77) µg/L lower than control group (908.53 ± 31.26) µg/L, (98.35 ± 15.21) µg/L (t value was -24.175 and -7.797, both P < 0.05) . The testing results of trace elements in AR patients hair and normal controls hair were as follows: Cu, Ni (42.43 ± 5.03) µg/g, (31.72 ± 5.49) µg/g were super than control group, (23.00 ± 4.45) µg/g, (8.94 ± 7.53) µg/g (t value was -8.633 and 4.236, both P < 0.05). But the content of Zn, Se (92.16 ± 4.54) µg/g , (0.28 ± 0.04) µg/g lower than control group (189.09 ± 8.45) µg/g, (0.39 ± 0.06) µg/g (t value was -28.71 and -8.633, both P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The content of Zn, Se in AR patients serum are lower than that in control group. But the content of Cu, Ni in AR patients serum are super than that in control group. There are no significant difference of trace elements in the serum between pennial allergic rhinitis and seasonal allergic rhinitis.</p>

Clinical analysis of nasal inverted papilloma complicated with nasal polyp / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the features and correlation of nasal inverted papilloma complicated with polyps.@*METHOD@#Twelve patients diagnosed as nasal inverted papilloma complicated with polyps were studied. The pathological specimens were taken from the surface, core and base of papilloma and sinus in every patient. Through comparing pathological findings, the features and correlation of nasal inverted papilloma complicated with polyps were evaluated.@*RESULT@#In most cases, nasal inverted papilloma was located in the core and base of the mass, while the polyps were located in the surface of the mass.@*CONCLUSION@#Nasal inverted papilloma complicated with polyps may result from long-term inflammation that occurred in the surface of the epithelia of superficial papilloma. Therefore, the occurrence of neoplastic disease in core should be alerted in unilateral nasal polyp case.

Discussion of cochlear implant indications in postlingually deaf adults / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the indications of cochlear implantation in postlingually deaf adults.@*METHOD@#Five postlingually deaf adults participated in our investigation, surgery age 19-58 (median age 26 years). All patients received 24R (Cochlear,Australia). Four weeks after operation, all the patients have started the program. Through one year follow-up, we used the categories of auditory performance (CAP) and speech intelligibility rating criteria (SIR) to assess their hearing ability and speech intelligibility.@*RESULT@#Through testing for five patients who used cochlear implant continuously more than one year by Pure-tone audiometry, CAP and SIR, we assessed and found that the five patients hearing threshold raise to 25-45 dB in 0.5 kHz, 1.0 kHz, 2.0 kHz, 4.0 kHz, CAP average of 3.4, SIR average of 2.4. Two patients' ability of speech recognition and emotional communication were not improved almost, while these ability in other three were improved in varying degrees.@*CONCLUSION@#For postlingual deaf adults caused by different reasons, how to make patients benefit from cochlear implantation and increase their capacity for independent living and self-confidence due to select surgical indications correctly.