e-Pharmacophore modeling and in silico study of CD147 receptor against SARS-CoV-2 drugs

Coronavirus has left severe health impacts on the human population, globally. Still a significant number of cases are reported daily as no specific medications are available for its effective treatment. The presence of the CD147 receptor (human basigin) on the host cell facilitates the severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Therefore, the drugs that efficiently alter the formation of CD147 and spike protein complex could be the right drug candidate to inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2. Hence, an e-Pharmacophore model was developed based on the receptor-ligand cavity of CD147 protein which was further mapped against pre-existing drugs of coronavirus disease treatment. A total of seven drugs were found to be suited as pharmacophores out of 11 drugs screened which was further docked with CD147 protein using CDOCKER of Biovia discovery studio. The active site sphere of the prepared protein was 101.44, 87.84, and 97.17 along with the radius being 15.33 and the root-mean-square deviation value obtained was 0.73 Å. The protein minimization energy was calculated to be –30,328.81547 kcal/mol. The docking results showed ritonavir as the best fit as it demonstrated a higher CDOCKER energy (–57.30) with correspond to CDOCKER interaction energy (–53.38). However, authors further suggest in vitro studies to understand the potential activity of the ritonavir.

Role of Ayurveda in the Management of Childhood Immunodeficiency Disorders

‘Swarnaprashana’ as a lehana chikitsa and several Ayurveda Rasayana drugs can boost the immune system in a specific or nonspecific manner including both innate or adaptive arms of the immune response and enhance the body’s overall natural resistance to the disease-causing agent rather than directly neutralize the agent itself in children. Aim: To critically review and analyze the role of Ayurveda in the management of childhood immunodeficiency disorders. Method: Various Traditional Ayurveda texts and books, magazines, and research journals as well as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, Ayush research portal, and Clinical Trial Registry, India are used as a source of information about the immune-enhancing effect of Ayurveda drugs useful in childhood immunodeficiency disorders. Discussion: Immunodeficiency disorders are a group of heterogeneous disorders with immune system abnormalities characterized by various combinations of recurrent infections, autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, granulomatous process, etc. ‘Swarnaprashana’ as a lehana chikitsa and Ayurveda Rasayana drug helps the body resist its natural tendency to manage or tolerate the strength, severity, or progression of an illness as well as its natural tendency to prevent the emergence of an illness. ‘Swarnaprashana’ and Rasayana drugs are used as antioxidants, improving immune status, bactericidal & antimicrobial activity, antiviral, and protectives. It promotes an individual's strength, boosts immunity, and helps to prevent and overcome illness. When the immune system is compromised, it results in immunodeficiency, which leaves the body exposed to a variety of fatal illnesses. ‘Swarnaprashana’ and Rasayana drugs mentioned in Ayurveda classics are known to boost the immune system. Conclusion: The present paper reveals that ‘Swarnaprashana’ as lehana chikitsa and Ayurveda Rasayana drugs are effective in treating childhood immunodeficiency disorders.

Vedanadhyaya - A Clinical Approach To Pediatric Examination In Kashyapa Samhita

Kashyapa Samhita is a book of pediatrics having main focus on the health and well-being of children and their pathological manifestations. The most revered source book available on Kaumarbhritya, is presented in the form of compilations of the preaching of Acharya Kashyapa by his disciple Vridhha Jivaka. The Kashyapa samhita available today is actually one fourth or even less than what it would have been in its original form. Fortunately we have Vedanadhyaya where in 32 pediatric illnesses are described. The text is divided in various sections (Sthanas) of which Vedanadhyaya is twenty fifth chapters in Sutra Sthana. Acharya Kashyapa has provided us a strong diagnostic tool which is useful in day to day practice of pediatrics. He undoubtedly laid the foundation stone of clinical pediatrics. Vedanadhyaya concerns the symptomalogy of various diseases in children and serves as a great guidance for pediatric examination and diagnosis as children are unable to narrate their symptoms themselves. So the present article reviews the original text of the chapter and critically analyses it in light of contemporary medical science.

Clinical study to evaluate the Brinhaniya effect of Vidarikandadi Yog to enhance the sport performance in children.

Background: Sport science studies applications of scientifi c principles and techniques with the aim of improving sports performance. Objective: Present research work was carried out with the aim to enhance the sport performance of children. Materials and Methods: Randomized double blind placebo controlled study was conducted in children involved in sports to assess the effi cacy of trial drug “Vidarikandadi Yog”. Total of 72 healthy students were selected for the study after screening 412 students. Out of them, 60 students completed the study. The students were randomly divided into two groups. Group A (Vidarikandadi Yog) comprising of 38 and Group B (placebo) of 34 students. The trial drug “Vidarikandadi Yog” was given in the dose of 200 mg/kg/day in two divided doses for 2 months with milk and follow up was conducted fortnightly. Results: The study revealed the statistically signifi cant results for weight and chest circumference, whereas highly signifi cant results were obtained for muscular strength and endurance assessment parameters (Push-up Test, Sit-up Test, and Hand Grip Strength Test). Change in Ruler Drop Test was not signifi cant. Results were signifi cant for cardio-respiratory parameters (Resting Heart Rate, Resting Respiratory Rate, and Harvard Step Test). Conclusion: Vidarikandadi Yog is a potential drug for enhancing the sport performance due to its Brinhaneeya effect.

Monitoring of pesticide residues in market vegetables at Ranchi, Jharkhand (India).

Thirty nine market samples of seasonal vegetables, namely cauliflower (14), brinjal (12) and okra (13), were monitored for residues of endosulfan applied during their growth period from four different locations (Kanke, Gandhi Nagar, Doranda and Ratu road) near by Ranchi. Out of thirty nine samples, 10 each from Kanke, Gandhi Nagar, Doranda and 9 from Ratu road, all samples were found to be contaminated with endosulfan (0.002-2.47 ppm). Among these three samples from Kanke and one each from Gandhi Nagar, Doranda and Ratu road showed endosulfan residues above the MRL values (2.0 ppm).