Violation of children's and adolescents' rights ­ the profile of a southern state in Brazil

The rights of children and adolescents are provided by law and it is the duty of the State, family and society to care for them. Health and education professionals are responsible for reporting suspected or confirmed cases of rights violation. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and qualification of violation of children's and adolescents' rights in the State of Paraná between 2009 and 2014. A descriptive and observational quantitative study was carried out based on the records of the Child Protective Services in Paraná, accessed through the Information System for Childhood and Adolescence (SIPIA). A total of 129.123 violations of rights were found. Among those cases, the right to familiar and communitarian companionship stands out with the greatest number of violations, followed by the right to education, culture, sports and leisure. Mothers were found to be the main aggressors, followed by fathers, and sexual violence/abuse was the most prevalent type of violence. In conclusion, there was a significant amount of violation of children's and adolescents' rights in the State of Paraná during the period covered by this research, and it has increased over the years. Besides, we found out that there is a predisposition of gender and age group for each variable analyzed.

Validação do método de carrea na região noroeste do estado do paraná, brasil / Carrea’s method validation in northwest of Paraná State, Brazil

A identificação humana é um processo de fundamental importância para a sociedade. As análisesantropológicas na Odontologia fornecem informações para a estimativa de sexo, idade, ancestralidade,estatura, dentre outros. Com base na análise de determinados dentes é possível ter um parâmetro daestatura do indivíduo e com isto auxiliar no processo investigativo de identidade. O objetivo deste trabalhofoi verificar a eficácia do método de estimativa de estatura de Carrea em indivíduos residentes na regiãoNoroeste do Estado do Paraná, considerando sexo e faixa etária. Foram avaliados 180 indivíduos deambos os sexos, estando na faixa etária de 12 a 69 anos. Mensurou- se a estatura de cada um delesatravés do uso de um antropômetro. Para a estimativa pelo método de Carrea, foram feitas mensuraçõesna arcada inferior. Os resultados demonstraram que o método de Carrea estimou em 91,6% a estaturareal dos indivíduos. Entretanto, para alguns casos foi grande a diferença entre estatura máxima e mínima.Não houve associação estatística entre a eficácia do método com sexo e/ou faixa etária dos indivíduosavaliados. Com base nestes achados conclui-se que o referido método pode ser auxiliar na investigaçãode estatura, mas deve ser associado a outros métodos para conferir maior credibilidade.

Human identification is a process essential importance for society. Anthropological analysis in dentistryprovides information for an estimate of sex, age, racial group, stature among others. Based on the analysisof certain dental elements can have an individual's height parameter and thereby assist in the investigativeprocess identity. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Carrea height estimationmethod for individuals residing in the State of Paraná Northwest, considering sex and age. They evaluated180 individuals of both sexes, being in the age group 12-69 years. A stature of each individual wasmeasured by an anthropometer. To estimate the Carrea method, measurements were made on the lowerarch. The results showed that the method Carrea estimated at 91.6% the actual height of the individual.However, some cases there were great differences between maximum and minimum height there was nostatistical association between the efficacy of the method to sex and / or age of the individuals. Based onthese findings, it was finished that the methodology can be assist in stature research, but it must beassociated with other methods to bring greater credibility.