Estudo compartivo do Midazolam e do Pentobartial na medicaçåo pré-anestésica em pediatria / A comparative study between midazolam and pentobal as premedication in children

Background and objectives - Premedication is used in children to minimize psychhological consequences and to potentiate anesthesia, avoiding some untoward effects which sometimes may pose risk to the patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of oral midazolam and pentotal as premediaction in children. Methods - Ninety patients were included in the study and were randomly allocated into three groups of thirty, according to the premedication used. In Group I the patients received midazolam 0,7 mg.kg diluted in sweet syrup. In Group II the patients received pentotal 3 mg.kg diluted in sweet syrup. In Group III the patient received only sweet syrup and served as controls. The following variables were studied: a) reaction to separation from parents (clm, somnolent, anxious, reactive); b) sedation upon admission to the operating room (sleeping, somnolet, agirted); c) reaction to venopuncture (cooperative, non-cooperative). Results - There were significant differences between Groups I and II regarding the reaction to separation from the parents. Upon admission to the operating room, 56,67 per cent of the children in Group II were sleeping, compared to only 23.33 per cent in Group I. However, 40 per cent of children in Gropu I were somnolent. The reaction to venopuncture was less in patients receiving midazolam. There were no cases of respiratory depression or cyanosis. Conclusions: According to the studied variables, both drugs are equally effective as premedication in children, with no additional risks

Cirurgia oftálmica e reflexo óculo-cardíaco (ROC) 1988-1989 / Ophthalmic surgery and oculocardiac reflex (ROC) 1988-1989

Mil fichas de anestesia de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias oftálmicas, entre janeiro de 88 e julho de 89 foram retrospectivamente estudadas pelos seguientes parâmetros: indicaçöes de técnica anestésica, estado da pupila, ocorrência do reflexo cardíaco (ROC) (influência da idade dos pacientes, tipos de cirurgia, técnica anestésica, profundidade da anestesia geral, ventilaçäo pulmonar) analgesia pós-operatória e náuseas e vômitos pós-operatórios