Primary mucinous carcinoma of urachus--a case report.

The authors describe a case of primary mucinous carcinoma of urachus in 65 years old male. Patient presented with hematuria with suprapubic mass. The patient underwent total cystectomy with en bloc excision of the tumor mass and umbilicus. Histological examination showed features of mucinous carcinoma of urachus. A clinicopathological study and brief review of literature is presented.

Cytological grading of breast neoplasia and its correlation with histological grading.

Cytological grading of breast cancer is not well established despite histological grading having gained a strong foothold. In our study we have analyzed 50 cases of breast carcinoma which included invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, stromal sarcoma, apocrine carcinoma, papillary carcinoma. Papanicolaou smears were graded according to established Hunt's, Simplified Black and Modified Black grading systems. They were then compared with the Scarff Bloom Richardson grading system. Simplified Black grading system has been recommended for cytological grading of breast neoplasia because of its lucidity and its reproducibility. Cytological grading of breast neoplasia is important for neo adjuvant chemotherapy and also for predicting the prognosis of the patient on FNAC alone. Incorporation of other parameters like apoptosis and bcl-2 is also recommended.