Bond strength of two universal adhesive systems to human dentin using different strategies / Resistência de união de sistemas adesivos universais à dentina humana usando diferentes estratégias

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to dentin of two universal adhesive systems: Single Bond Universal (SBU) and Ambar Universal , used in different adhesion strategies. Materials and Method: Thirty-six human teeth were prepared (n=6) and treated following different adhesive strategies: G1: SBU-etch-and-rinse, applied on dry dentin; G2: SBUetch- and-rinse, applied on moist dentin; G3: SBU-self-etching; G4: AU-etch-and-rinse, applied on dry dentin; G5: AU-etch-and-rinse, applied on moist dentin; G6: AU-self-etching. The specimens were submitted to μTBS test, failure analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey's tests (p<0.05). Results: Microtensile bond strength was significantly lower in G1 than G2 and G3. AU adhesive performed worse than the SBU system, except in G5. Cohesive and mixed failures predominated in G1 and G2, while adhesive failures predominated in G3 and G5. Conclusions: Universal adhesives are an interesting innovation, but there are still doubts about their performance, mainly regarding the different protocols provided by the manufacturers. The conventional adhesive strategy on moist dentin demonstrated higher μTBS for both adhesives. The use of the selfetching strategy with the SBU showed promising results.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união à microtração (μTBS) de dois sistemas adesivos universais: Single Bond Universal (SBU) e Ambar Universal , utilizados em diferentes estratégias de adesão. Materiais e método: 36 dentes humanos foram preparados (n=6) e tratados seguindo diferentes estratégias adesivas: G1: SBU-condicionamento e enxágue, aplicado sobre dentina seca; G2: SBU-condicionamento e enxágue, aplicado sobre dentina úmida; G3: SBU-autocondicionante; G4: AU-condicionamento e enxágue, aplicado em dentina seca; G5: AU-condicionamento e enxágue, aplicado sobre dentina úmida; G6: AU-autocondicionante. Os espécimes foram submetidos ao teste de μTBS, análise de falhas e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (SEM). Os dados foram analisados com os testes ANOVA e Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados: A resistência de união à microtração de G1 foi significativamente menor que G2 e G3. O adesivo AU teve um desempenho pior que o sistema SBU, com exceção do G5. Falhas coesivas e mistas predominaram em G1 e G2 enquanto G3 e G5 apresentaram predominância de falhas adesivas. Conclusões: Os adesivos universais representam uma inovação interessante, mas ainda há dúvidas sobre seu desempenho, principalmente em relação aos diferentes protocolos fornecidos pelos fabricantes. A estratégia adesiva convencional em dentina úmida demonstrou maior μTBS para ambos os adesivos. O uso da estratégia autocondicionante com a SBU apresentou resultados promissores.

Schistosoma mansoni antigen-driven interleukin-10 production in infected asthmatic individuals

Asthmatics infected with Schistosoma mansoni have a less severe course of asthma and an inhibition of the Th2 inflammatory response that seems to be mediated by interleukin (IL-10). The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacity of some S. mansoni antigens to stimulate IL-10 production in vitro by cells of asthmatic infected individuals. Peripheral bloods mononuclear cells were stimulated with the S. mansoni recombinant antigens Sm22.6, Sm14, P24, and PIII antigen. IL-10 was measured in the supernatants of cultures. As the recombinant antigens were cloned in Escherichia coli, we blocked contaminant endotoxin with polymyxin B added to the cultures. We demonstrated that all antigens used drove high production of IL-10 in S. mansoni infected individuals (n = 13, 408 ± 514 and 401 ± 383 pg/ml, 484 ± 245 pg/ml, 579 ± 468 pg/ml, respectively). In asthmatics infected with S. mansoni (n = 21) rP24 induced higher levels of IL-10 (565 ± 377 pg/ml) when compared to PIII, rSm14 and rSm22.6 (184 ± 209 pg/ml; 292 ± 243 pg/ml; 156 ± 247 pg/ml, respectively). Conclusion: the S. mansoni antigens evaluated in this study stimulated IL-10 production by cells from infected individuals and therefore they have the potential to be used as a modulator of the inflammatory response in asthma.

Agenesia total do pericárdio do lado esquerdo / Total agenesis of the left pericardium

Descrevemos o caso de um paciente com 46 anos de idade e diagnóstico pré-operatório de comunicação interatial (CIA) do tipo ostium secundum. Após esternotomia constatou-se agenesia parcial do pericárdio do lado esquerdo. Acreditamos que diante de um quadro radiológico compatível com esta doença, mesmo que assintomática, pesquisa clínica na procura de anomalias cardiopulmonares deveria ser sistematizada, uma vez que a maioria desses achados quando presentes, são possíveis e necessitam de correção cirúrgica.

Revascularizaçäo cirúrgica das artérias posteriores do coraçäo sem circulaçäo extracorpórea / Surgical revascularization of posterior coronary arteries without cardiopulmonary bypass

Objective - To assess the results observed during the early prospective period in patients who had the posterior coronary arteries revascularized without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), in regard to the following parameters: age, sex, bypass grafts types, morbitidy and mortality. Methods - From January 1995 to June 1998, 673 patients underwent myocardial revascularization (MR). Of this total, 607 (90.20 per cent) MR procedures were performed without CPB. The posterior coronary arteries (PCA) were revascularized in 298 (44.27 per cent) patients, 280 (93.95 per cent) years (mean, 61 years). The male gender predominated, with 198 men (70.7 per cent). The revascularization of the posterior coronary arteries had the following distribution: diagonalis artery (31 patients, 10 per cent); marginal branches of the circumflex artery (243 patients, 78.7 per cent); posterior ventricular artery (4 patients, 1.3 per cent); and posterior descending artery (31 patients, 10 per cent). Results - Procedure-related complications without death occurred in 7 cases, giving a morbidity of 2.5 per cent. There were 11 deaths in the early posterative period (mortality of 3.9 per cent). Conclusion - Similarly to the anterior coronary arteries, the posterior coronary arteries may benefit from myocardial revascularization without CPB.