Automedicação em acadêmicos do curso de medicina / Self-medication in academics from medical school

Objetivo: Avaliar a automedicação em estudantes do curso de Medicina da Universidade de RibeirãoPreto (UNAERP) no ano de 2008. Métodos: Estudo transversal quantitativo, realizado no ano de 2008, no qual 200 alunos do curso de Medicina da UNAERP responderam a um questionário autoaplicado, contendo questões de múltipla escolha sobre a prática da automedicação, no intuito de conhecer aspectos do consumo de medicamentos. Para análise estatística foi empregado o teste de correlação de Pearson. Considerou-se como base o intervalo de confiança de 95%. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da UNAERP. Resultados: Observaram-se 58,5% de participantes do sexo feminino. A média de idade foi de 21,5 anos. A prevalência da automedicação foi de 92,0%. As prevalências entre os alunos das diferentes etapas do curso não foram significativamente diferentes: 86,6%, 90,0%, 93,3%,94,4% e 97,1%, respectivamente, entre os alunos do 1º ao 4º ano e internato. A aquisição de medicamentos controlados, sem apresentação da prescrição, ocorreu entre 6,5% dos alunos e 69,5% responderam já terem indicado medicamentos para outras pessoas...

Objective: Evaluate the self-medication by students of University of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP) in 2008. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study conducted throughout 2008 in with 200 medicine students, who answered a self-administered questionnaire containing multiple choice questions regarding self-medication and consumption of medicines. Statistical analysis was employed to test Pearson correlation. The confidence interval considered was of 95%. The study was approved by UNAERP Ethics Committee. Results: There were 58.5% of female participants. The age average was 21.5 years old. The prevalence of self-medication was 92.0%. The prevalence among students from different stages of the course was not significantly different: 86.6%, 90.0%, 93.3%, 94.4% and 97.1%, among the students from, respectively, the 1st to 4th year and from the internship...

Reconstruction of bony facial contour deficiencies with polymethylmethacrylate implants: case report

Facial trauma can be considered one of the most serious aggressions found in the medical centers due to the emotional consequences and the possibility of deformity. In craniofacial surgery, the use of autologous bone is still the first choice for reconstructing bony defects or irregularities. When there is a shortage of donor bone or a patient refuses an intracranial operation, alloplastic materials such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) can be used. The PMMA prosthesis can be pre-fabricated, bringing advantages such as reduction of surgical time, easy technical handling and good esthetic results. This paper describes the procedures for rehabilitating a patient with PMMA implants in the region of the face, recovering the facial contours and esthetics of the patient.

Uso de restaurações indiretas na correção da infra-oclusão: relato de caso / Use of indirect restorative technique for the correction of retained primary molar: case report

A infraoclusão de molares decíduos é uma situação clínica que pode causar prejuízos ao desenvolvimento da oclusão do paciente, mas com o desenvolvimento das técnicas e materiais odontológicos nos últimos anos, esse quadro clínico pode ser solucionado através de uma terapia mais conservadora. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a reabilitação de um dente em infraoclusão através da utilização de uma restauração indireta em resina composta. Esta técnica permite restabelecer as dimensões anatômicas, o equilíbrio oclusal e a estética da criança. Ao final pôde-se concluir que as restaurações indiretas em resina são uma boa opção de tratamento conservador para os casos de infraoclusão na dentição decídua.

Infraoccluded primary molars is a common clinical situation that can cause several damages for the development of occlusion, but with today?s development of the techniques and dental materials these clinical situation has several ways to be resolved, returning the oclusal balance for the patient. This article had as aim present a clinical report of a rehabilitation of an infraoccluded primary molar with the use of an indirect restoration in composite resin, designed to restore the anatomical size, the occlusion and esthetics of the child. At the end we can conclude that this technique presents several advantages, especially in Pediatric Dentistry.

Comparative study between homeopathy and nimesulide on the prevention of bone resorption in experimental periodontitis in rats / Estudo Comparativo entre Homeopatia e Nimesulida na Prevenção da Reabsorção Óssea em Periodontite Experimental em Ratos

Periodontitis is a chronic disease characterized by bone loss and inflammatory changes. We studied the effect of a homeopathic agent (Mercúrios Corrosivos 6 CH) and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (nimesulide) on the alveolar bone loss progression in experimentally induced periodontitis in rats. Sixty (60) Wistar rats were separated into group 1 (homeopathy), group 2 (nimesulide) and group 3 (saline solution). Silk ligatures were placed at the gingival margin level of the lower right first molar of all rats. Alveolar bone loss was evaluated by light microscopic analysis and analyzed using software Image J. The results were submitted to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s posttest (p<0.05). The analysis revealed that there was a higher bone loss in diseased sites as compared with healthy sites. A significant reduction in the alveolar bone resorption was observed in group 2 (nimesulide) as compared with group 1 (homeopathy) 7 days after the induction of periodontitis. Our data provided evidence that homeopathy does not decrease alveolar bone loss as opposed to nimesulide in experimentally induced periodontitis.

Knowledge and attitude of parents or caretakers regarding transmissibility os caries disease

Dental caries is a transmissible infectious disease in which mutans streptococci are generally considered to be the main etiological agents. Although the transmissibility of dental caries is relatively well established in the literature, little is known whether information regarding this issue is correctly provided to the population. The present study aimed at evaluating, by means of a questionnaire, the knowledge and usual attitude of 640 parents and caretakers regarding the transmissibility of caries disease. Most interviewed adults did not know the concept of dental caries being an infectious and transmissible disease, and reported the habit of blowing and tasting food, sharing utensils and kissing the children on their mouth. 372 (58.1 percent) adults reported that their children had already been seen by a dentist, 264 (41.3 percent) answered that their children had never gone to a dentist, and 4 (0.6 percent) did not know. When the adults were asked whether their children had already had dental caries, 107 (16.7 percent) answered yes, 489 (76.4 percent) answered no, and 44 (6.9 percent) did not know. Taken together, these data reinforce the need to provide the population with some important information regarding the transmission of dental caries in order to facilitate a more comprehensive approach towards the prevention of the disease.

The importance of radiographic diagnosis of incipient occlusal caries: case report / A importância do diagnóstico radiográfico de cárie oclusal incipiente: relato de caso

The treatment of a large dentine caries, which seemed to be a small pit-and-fissure carious lesion on the occlusal surface of the permanent mandibular right first molar in a 6-year-old boy, is presented. The treatment included the filling of the root canals and the sealing of the cavity with composite resin. Underlying periodontal tissue healing could be radiographically observed at the 14-month follow-up. It is possible that a better visual examination, with careful cleaning and drying of teeth, may improve occlusal caries detection. Dentists should examine bitewing radiographies carefully for occlusal demineralization. As radiographies are probably an effective method of lesions caries diagnosis, they should be recommended at appropriate ages to aid early detection of these lesions.

O tratamento de uma cárie grande do dentine, que pareça ser um lesion carious do poço-e-pit-and-fissure pequeno na superfície occlusal do primeiro molar da direita mandibular permanente em um menino de 6-year-old, é apresentado. O tratamento inclui o enchimento dos canais da raiz e do sealing da cavidade com resina composta. O tecido peridental subjacente que healing podia radiographically ser observado na continuação de 14 mês. É possível que uma examinação visual melhor, com limpeza cuidadosa e secagem dos dentes, pode melhorar a deteção occlusal da cárie. Os dentistas devem examinar radiographies do bitewing com cuidado para o demineralization occlusal. Porque as radiografias são provavelmente um método eficaz do diagnóstico da cárie dos lesions, devem ser recomendados em idades apropriadas ajudar à deteção adiantada desta lesão.

Clinical management for epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) consists of a group of genetic hereditary disorders in which patients frequently present fragile skin and mucosa that form blisters following minor trauma. More than 20 subtypes of EB have been recognized in the literature. Specific genetic mutations are well characterized for most the different EB subtypes and variants. The most common oral manifestations of EB are painful blisters affecting all the oral surfaces. Dental treatment for patients with EB consists of palliative therapy for its oral manifestations along with typical restorative and periodontal procedures. The aim of this article is to describe two dental clinical treatments of recessive dystrophic EB cases and their specific clinical manifestations. The psychological intervention required during the dental treatment of these patients is also presented.