RESUMO
Introduction: The risk factors of attempted suicide vary among different age groups and it varies very much between theadolescent and elderly population. Hence, identifying the suicide risk factors for each population will help in the developmentof suitable prevention strategies for each age group.Aim: This study aims to analyze the differences in sociodemographic data and risk factors involved in adolescent, adult, andgeriatric group.Materials and Methods: Across-sectional analytical study with 90 patients (30 adolescents, 30 adults, and 30 geriatric patientsafter a h/o attempted suicide) was taken. The duration of the study was 3 months (January–March 2018). Sociodemographicdata, details of the suicide attempt, the precipitating stressors, and risk factors were analyzed by a semi-structured pro forma.The intent of the suicide attempt was analyzed by Beck’s Suicide Intent Scale. The lethality of the attempt was analyzed byRisk-Rescue Rating Scale (Weismann and Worden, 1972). Psychiatric morbidity was found out from MINI plus and ICD 10criteria were used to confirm the diagnosis. All the data obtained are analyzed statistically.Results: This study helps us understand that suicide attempts are different in different age groups. In the younger group, thepsychosocial stressors and the support available for handling them determine the attempts. In adults, the major problem wasmarital conflict and substance dependence and the prevention strategies should be directed toward it. Most of the geriatricsuicides were planned not impulsive and they had a comorbid psychiatric illness. This stresses the importance of screening ofmental illness in the elderly and adequate treatment of physical comorbidity as well.Conclusion: This study finds that multiple factors warrant a broadly directed multimodal approach for intervention and the needfor a tailored approach for each population.
RESUMO
Introduction: Catatonia is a complex syndrome with multiple disorders involving behavior, mood, thought process, and themotor system. About 7–15% of inpatients in psychiatry are identified with catatonia. Published literature on the phenomenologyof catatonia in India is available only as case reports.Aim: The aim of the study was to study phenomenology, clinical profile, and diagnostic break up in patients presenting withcatatonia to our hospital.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study including 32 catatonia patients was conducted in the PsychiatryDepartment, Chengalpattu Medical College Hospital after obtaining Institutional Ethical Committee clearance. Informed consentwas obtained from the patients caretakers. Disorders and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th Edition criteria for catatoniawere used to include patients in this study. Using a semi-structured pro forma basic sociodemographic and clinical details werecollected. Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) was used to assess the symptoms and severity.Results: The mean age of the study population was 33.16 ± 12.28 years (range 15–60 years) with 15 males (46.8%) and17 females (53.1%). Among the catatonia patients, schizophrenia (n = 15, 50%) was the most common diagnosis after detailedevaluation. The mean BFCRS score was 27.47 ± 3.94 (range: 18–32). The commonly observed catatonic symptoms weremutism, withdrawal, staring, immobility, and negativism (100%) followed by posturing/catalepsy (97%) and rigidity (93%).Conclusion: This study has provided us with very important insights into the phenomenology, clinical profile, and diagnosticbreak up in catatonic patients following mental disorder. Schizophrenia was the most common diagnosis with mutism, withdrawal,staring, immobility, and negativism being the more common symptoms.