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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 150(12): 1619-1624, dic. 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515392

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In those patients who do not have timely access to primary angioplasty, the pharmaco-invasive approach, that is, the use of thrombolysis as a bridging measure prior to the coronary angiography, is a safe alternative. AIM: To describe the features of patients with an acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with a pharmaco-invasive strategy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive observational study of 144 patients with mean age of 46 years with STEMI who received a dose of thrombolytic prior to their referral for primary angioplasty at a public hospital between 2018 and 2021. RESULTS: There were no differences the clinical presentation according to the Killip score at admission between thrombolyzed and non-thrombolyzed patients (p = ns). Fifty-three percent of non-thrombolyzed patients were admitted with an occluded vessel (TIMI 0) compared with 27% of thrombolyzed patients (p < 0.001). The thrombolyzed group required significantly less use of thromboaspiration (3.5 and 8.4% respectively; p = 0.014). Despite this, 91 and 92% of non-thrombolyzed and thrombolyzed patients achieved a post-angioplasty TIMI 3 flow. Long-term survival was 91 and 86% in thrombolyzed and non-thrombolyzed patients, respectively (p = ns). CONCLUSIONS: The pharmaco-invasive strategy is a safe alternative when compared to primary angioplasty in centers that don't have timely access to Interventional Cardiology.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/tratamento farmacológico , Análise de Sobrevida , Terapia Trombolítica , Resultado do Tratamento , Angiografia Coronária , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapêutico , Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico
2.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 82(2): 179-183, jun. 2022. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389852

RESUMO

Resumen La patología del sistema nervioso central, habitualmente, no provoca síntomas auditivos unilaterales, ya que la vía auditiva central está formada por una red de conexiones cruzadas entre los diferentes núcleos que la forman. Además, hay que considerar que una lesión pequeña puede extenderse a más de una estructura provocando varios déficits neurológicos debido a la proximidad de los tractos y núcleos nerviosos. Las lesiones unilaterales circunscritas en el colículo inferior son infrecuentes. No obstante, se han descrito casos en los que lesiones unilaterales de diversas etiologías en esta localización causaban síntomas auditivos. Ya que la vía auditiva central es cruzada, síntomas auditivos detectados con más frecuencia afectaban concretamente a la capacidad de localización del sonido o la comprensión verbal. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 44 años con acúfeno unilateral derecho de larga evolución, sin otra clínica asociada quien fue diagnosticado de un tumor en el colículo inferior derecho mediante resonancia magnética cerebral. Se exponen los hallazgos clínicos y radiológicos del caso.


Abstract Central nervous system diseases usually do not cause auditory symptoms because the central auditory pathway consists on a network of crossed connections between the different nuclei that form it. In addition, we must consider that a small lesion might extend to more than one structure producing many neurologic symptoms due to the proximity of tracts and nuclei in the midbrain. Unilateral circumscribed lesions at inferior colliculus are rare. Nevertheless, lesions at this location causing auditory symptoms have been described. Because of the crossed central auditory pathway, the most commonly detected auditory symptoms specifically affected the ability to locate sound or verbal comprehension. We present the case of a 44-year-old man with a long-term monoaural right-sided tinnitus without other complaints who was diagnosed of a tumour at right inferior colliculus by neuroimaging. Clinical and radiological findings of this case are discussed.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Zumbido/complicações , Colículos Inferiores/patologia , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central , Neoplasias
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(4): 520-526, abr. 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389479

RESUMO

Background: Transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is the standard of treatment for patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AE) and intermediate or high surgical risk. The use of conscious sedation (CS) could reduce complications and allow an early discharge of these patients. Aim: To report our experience with TAVI under conscious sedation. Material and Methods: Review of medical records of 15 patients aged 79 ± 6 years (53% women) undergoing a transfemoral TAVI implant under conscious sedation. Results: The indications for the procedure were severe AE in 13 patients and biological prosthetic dysfunction in two. The mean Thoracic Surgeons predicted risk of mortality score was 7.3. The valves used were Edwards Sapien 3 in three patients, Medtronic Evolut in five, Boston Acurate Neo in four and Meril Myval in three. A successful implant was achieved in all cases and there were no hospital mortality or pacemaker requirements. One patient had a stroke, and one patient had a vascular access complication. Early discharge (< 72 h) was achieved in 80% of patients. Conclusions: TAVI under conscious sedation was a safe procedure and associated with a complication rate similar to previous reports, allowing for an early hospital discharge in most patients.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter , Sedação Consciente , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 146(5): 665-669, mayo 2018. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-961444

RESUMO

Upgaze or sustained elevation of the eyes, is an alteration of ocular motility initially described in hypoxic coma. We report a 65-year-old woman admitted with hypotension and alteration of sensorium due to the ingestion of 9.5 g of Bupropion. She presented two seizures of short duration, without epileptic activity on the EEG. She had a persistent asynchronous myoclonus in extremities, tachycardia and prolonged Q-t. She suffered a cardiac arrest caused by asystole, which recovered quickly in five minutes. At that moment, upgaze appeared, associated with a persistent ocular opening, which persisted for days, but finally disappeared, without remission of coma. A magnetic resonance imaging done at the eighth day, showed hyperintensity of the oval center and corpus callosum which disappeared in a new imaging study done 30 days later, where images of hypoxia in the basal nuclei and cortex appeared. The patient died forty seven days after admission. Up-gaze is an ominous oculomotor alteration linked to an important but incomplete damage in the cerebral cortex, a condition that perverts some sequences of the ocular opening, reversing the Bell phenomenon and producing eyelid retraction.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Transtornos da Motilidade Ocular/induzido quimicamente , Hipóxia Encefálica/induzido quimicamente , Bupropiona/efeitos adversos , Coma/induzido quimicamente , Antidepressivos de Segunda Geração/efeitos adversos , Overdose de Drogas/complicações , Transtornos da Personalidade/tratamento farmacológico , Suicídio , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Evolução Fatal
5.
Medwave ; 18(1): e7149, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-909921

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: Es común que los pacientes en estado terminal tengan una reducida ingesta de líquidos, lo que muchas veces repercute en una necesidad de mayor apoyo médico. Sin embargo, no está claro si esta medida tiene un impacto clínico real. MÉTODOS: Para responder esta pregunta utilizamos Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante búsquedas en múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, reanalizamos los datos de los estudios primarios y preparamos una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: Concluimos que la administración de hidratación parenteral podría hacer poca o ninguna diferencia en la sobrevida y en la calidad de vida de los pacientes oncológicos terminales, y que no está claro si tiene algún otro beneficio porque la certeza de la evidencia es muy baja.


INTRODUCTION: It is common for terminally ill patients to have a reduced fluid intake, which often results in a need for more medical support. However, it is not clear if this measure has a real clinical impact. METHODS: To answer this question we used Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data from primary studies and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We identified four systematic reviews including 51 studies overall, from which three were randomized trials. We concluded the administration of parenteral hydration might make little or no difference in terms of survival and quality of life in terminally ill cancer patients, and that it is not clear whether it has any other benefit because the certainty of the evidence is very low.


Assuntos
Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Hidratação/métodos , Neoplasias/terapia , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Bases de Dados Factuais , Resultado do Tratamento , Doente Terminal
6.
Med. interna (Caracas) ; 34(1): 53-56, 2018. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1008281

RESUMO

La piel puede ofrecer el primer síntoma guía en el 1% de los pacientes con neoplasias internas. Las manifestaciones cutáneas de malignidades internas se pueden producir por invasión directa de la piel por el tumor y por diseminación metastásica, pero existen mecanismos indirectos que inducen la aparición de signos y síntomas cutáneos no relacionados con el tumor primitivo. El Síndrome de Bazex es una rara dermatosis descrita por Bazex y colaboradores en 1965. Se caracteriza por la presencia de placas eritematosas, psoriasiformes, que típicamente afectan a las manos, los pies, la nariz y los pabellones auriculares. La inexperiencia puede motivar retrasos en el diagnóstico, haciendo que la neoplasia asociada se encuentre en estadios avanzados en el momento del diagnóstico. Se discute un caso clínico de un paciente masculino de 53 años de edad, hipertenso, quien acude por presentar lesiones cutáneas tipo placas hipertróficas, hiperpigmentadas, descamativas y dolorosas con fondo eritematoso acompañados de secreción hialina amarillenta en regiones acrales y cuero cabelludo. La biopsia cutánea reportó granulocitosis y aumento del espesor de la capa córnea; en los cultivos bacteriano y micológico de tejido dérmico creció flora habitual. La biopsia prostática diagnosticó adenocarcinoma prostático Gleason 4/5, Se inició hormonoterapia y se realizó prostatectomía total, con mejoría clínica significativa posterior al inicio del tratamiento. La acroqueratosis de Bazex es un proceso muy infrecuente, con pocos casos descritos en la literatura. Su reconocimiento temprano podría permitir el diagnóstico de la neoplasia asociada en estadios más precoces y conducentes a un tratamiento más temprano(AU)


The skin can show the first symptom in 1% of patients with internal neoplasias. Cutaneous manifestations of internal malignancies can be caused by direct invasion of the skin by the tumor and by metastatic dissemination, but there are indirect mechanisms that induce the appearance of cutaneous signs and symptoms unrelated to the primitive tumor. Bazex Syndrome is a rare dermatosis described by Bazex et al. in 1965. It is characterized by the presence of erythematous, psoriasiform plaques, which typically affect the hands, feet, nose, and ear-lobes. The lack of experience may carry diagnostic delays and the associated neoplasia could be at advanced stages when diagnosed. We describe here the case of a 53-year-old male patient, who consulted for cutaneous lesions.These were hypertrophic, hyperpigmented, scaly and painful plaques with an erythematous background accompanied by a yellowish hyaline secretion in the hands, feet and scalp. A skin biopsy was done that reported granulocytosis and increased thickness of the corneal layer; in addition, bacterial and mycological culture of dermal tissue were negative. The prostate biopsy diagnosed a prostate adenocarcinoma, Gleason 4/5. Hormone therapy was started and total prostatectomy was performed, with significant clinical improvement .Bazex acroqueratosis is a very rare process, with few cases described in the literature. Its early recognition could allow the diagnosis of the associated neoplasia in earlier stages, leading to earlier treatment(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias da Próstata/fisiopatologia , Dermatopatias/etiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/fisiopatologia , Sistema Imunitário , Medicina Interna
7.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 10(4): 137-141, oct. 2017. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-999005

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: In Chile, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent the first cause of mortality. The risk of CVD is greater if other factors are associated, among which the family history of CVD acquires special relevance due it represents an independent risk factor of atherogenesis. Aim: To evaluate cardiovascular risk markers: lipid profile, hsCRP and nutritional status in children and adolescents with positive family history of early cardiovascular disease. SUBJECTS AND MATERIALS: Descriptive-transversal study. 138 children and adolescents with a mean age of 13,1 +/- 5,4 years were studied. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, lipid profile and hsCRP were evaluated. RESULTS: Dyslipidemia was found in 55,1 percent of the studied population, that was mainly characterized by hypertryglyceridemia and decreased levels of HDL-chol (39,1 percent). In the total of dyslipidemic subjects, 10,5 percent showed 3 altered lipid parameters (total chol, tryglicerides and HDL-chol), 22,4 percent presented 2 parameters that were out the reference range (tryglicerides and HDL-chol) and the 34,2 percent had only one lipid parameter altered (low levels of HDL-chol or hypertriglyceridemia). Dyslipidemia was observed in 69,1 percent, of the overweight and obese population and it was 40,6 percent in the normal weight subjects. hsCRP concentrations were higher in dyslipidemic and overweight and obese individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Dyslipidemia was highly frequent in children and adolescents with positive family history of early CVD and even higher in those overweight and obese subjects. These findings support the screening of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents with positive family history of early CVD.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Dislipidemias/complicações , Dislipidemias/epidemiologia , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Estudos Transversais , Dislipidemias/sangue , Pressão Arterial , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue
8.
Rev. chil. urol ; 82(1): 60-65, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-905891

RESUMO

Introducción y Objetivos: Entre las complicaciones de la embolización prostática figuran el ardor miccional, la infección urinaria, la hematuria, la rectorragia, la retención urinaria, la balanitis y la hemospermia, pero hasta la fecha no se había comunicado el prolapso uretral, una patología exclusiva del sexo femenino en la especie humana, a diferencia de otras especies vertebradas donde sólo afecta a los machos.El objetivo de esta comunicación es presentar el primer caso de prolapso uretral en un varóntras haberle practicado una embolización de las arterias prostáticas como tratamiento de su hiperplasia prostática benigna.(AU)


Background and Objectives: Complications of prostatic embolization include voiding pain, urinary tract infection, hematuria, rectal bleeding, urinary retention, balanitis and hemospermia, but to date no urethral prolapse in man has been reported , being an exclusive pathology of the female sex in the human species, unlike other vertebrate species where it only affects males. The aim of this report is to present the first case of urethral prolapse in a male after having performed an embolization of the prostatic arteries to treat his benign prostatic hyperplasia.(AU)


Assuntos
Masculino , Retenção Urinária , Prolapso , Uretra , Embolização Terapêutica
9.
Rev. chil. urol ; 82(4): 78-85, 2017. graf, fig
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-906214

RESUMO

Introducción: La prostatectomía simple abierta ha sido el tratamiento tradicional para el crecimiento prostático grado III sintomático. En la búsqueda de nuevas técnicas quirúrgicas menos invasivas, la cirugía robótica ha venido desempeñado un papel importante permitiendo mejorar los resultados terapéuticos en múltiples aspectos. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la experiencia en un Hospital Público Latinoamericano de la prostatectomía simple laparoscópica asistida por robot, como alternativa de tratamiento en próstatas de gran volumen.Material y métodos. Pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía simple laparoscópica asistidas por robot mediante abordaje transperitoneal de 5 portales dispuestos en forma de W empleando la técnica de Millin.Resultados. Se realizaron 11 prostatectomías simples laparoscópicas asistidas por robot, edad promedio: 65,17±5,81 años (57-74), IMC: 26±2,06 (23,3-28,3), PSA total: 4,56±2,47 ng/ml (1,54-8,3), IPSS preoperatorio: 28,67±6,47 puntos (18-35), QoL preoperatorio: 5,33±0,82puntos (4-6), volumen prostático por ultrasonido transrectal: 94,52±18,15 (80,16-120),tiempo operatorio: 202,5±66,91 minutos (75-240), sangrado: 650±320,94cc (300-1200),complicaciones: 1 (9,09%) Clavien IIIa, tiempo de hospitalización: 3,67±1,21 días (3-6), permanencia del catéter vesical: 8,5±1,64 días (7-10). Al comparar los resultados pre y post operatorios se evidencia marcada mejoría de los síntomas urinarios obstructivos bajos (SUOB), en la calidad de vida del paciente (QoL) y de los parámetros urodinámicos. No se realizaron conversiones a cirugía abierta ni transfusiones sanguíneas.Conclusión. La prostatectomía simple laparoscópica asistida por robot es un procedimiento reproducible y seguro para el tratamiento de próstatas benignas de gran volumen con resultados quirúrgicos comparables a cualquier otro tipo de abordaje pero con las ventajas que posee la cirugía mínimamente invasiva. Palabras claves: Prostatectomía simple, cirugía robótica, Hiperplasia prostática.(AU)


Introduction: Open simple prostatectomy has being the traditional treatment for sintomatic Prostate Hiperplasia °III. In the search of new surgical techniques less invassives, the robotic surgery play an important role because let better terapeutic results in many topics. The objetive of this work is describe the initial experience in a Latinamerican Public Hospital irobot-assisted laparoscopic simple prostatectomy as an alternative treatment in high- volumen prostates.Material y Methods. Pacients under laparoscopic robot-assisted simple prostatectomy. Transperitoneal 5 ports in W form Millin technique.Results. Did it 11 laparoscopic robot-assisted. Mean age 65,17±5,81 years (57-74). ICM: 26±2,06kg/m² (23,3-28,3), PSAT: 4,56±2,47ng/ml (1,54-8,3), IPSS pre-operatory28,67±6,47 points (18-35) QoL pre-operatory: 5,33±0,82 points (4-6), ultrasound prostatevolumen 94,52±18,15 (80,16-120), surgical time 202±66,91 minutes (75-240), lost blood:650±320,94cc (300-1200), complications 1(9,09%), hospitalization time: 3,67±1,21 days (3- 6), bladder cateterization 8,5±1,64 days (7-10). When comparing the pre and post operative results marked improvement in lower urinary tract obstructive symptoms, quality of live of patients and urodynamic parameters is evident. No had convertions or transfutions around surgery.Conclusion. Robot-assisted laparoscopic simple prostatectomy is a reproducible and saved technique with surgical results similars anything other kind whit the additional ventage of minimally invasión.(AU)


Assuntos
Masculino , Prostatectomia , Hiperplasia Prostática , Laparoscopia , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador
10.
Rev. chil. urol ; 82(2): 64-71, 2017. tab, fig
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-906012

RESUMO

Introducción y Objetivos. Las infecciones urinarias por gérmenes ureolíticos se asocian generalmente con la eliminación y/o formación de cálculos infectivos de estruvita (fosfato amónico magnésico, fosfato triple). Sin embargo no tenemos conocimiento de que se haya comunicado ningún caso de emisión masiva de cristales con visualización macroscópica y recuperación de las arenillas en el "poso seco" del sedimento de la orina. El objetivo de este breve artículo es comunicar un infrecuente caso de cristaluria masiva de fosfato amónico magnésico secundaria a infección urinaria por la asociación de dos gérmenes: Citrobacter freundii (no ureolítico) y Morganella morgagnii (ureolítica). Caso Clínico. Mujer de 72 años sin antecedentes urológicos previos que consultó por presentar desde hace 1 año expulsión de gran cantidad de arenillas en las micciones, hasta el punto de que en alguna ocasión le ocluían momentáneamente la uretra. La paciente aportó una muestra de la cristaluria (arenilla) recuperada del poso seco del sedimento de su orina, donde se aprecia un gran volumen de polvo y arena (microcristales). El estudio del sedimento urinario mostró PH 8, densidad de 1035 (n 1005-1030), nitritos (+), bacteriuria y abundante cantidad de cristales incoloros en forma de prisma o "ataúd" sugestivos de corresponder a cristales de fosfato amónico magnésico. En el urinocultivo existían 500.000 UFC/ml y se aislaron 2 gérmenes uno no ureolítico (Citrobacter freundii) y otro ureolítico (Morganella morgagnii). Radiografía simple de aparato urinario y ecografía normales. El análisis químico de la arenilla mostró una composición de 80 por ciento fosfato amónico magnésico y 20 por ciento oxalato cálcico. Se instauró tratamiento según antibiograma con ciprofloxacino 500 mg cada 12 horas 7 días y se acidificó la orina con vitamina C (ácido ascórbico) 500 mg día 20 días, consiguiendo erradicar la infección urinaria, normalizar el PH urinario a 5, y frenar definitivamente la expulsión de cristales. En un control a los 6 meses permanecía asintomática y con urinocultivo estéril. Conclusiónes. Este caso es una forma de presentación excepcional de una infección urinaria ureolítica, sin los síntomas clásicos habituales. Su única manifestación clínica fue la expulsión de gran cantidad de cristales (arenilla) en las micciones que en ocasiones provocaban obstrucciones intermitentes de uretra de resolución espontánea. Este singular caso demuestra que escuchando a los pacientes, a veces nos cuentan hechos casi imposibles y la mayoría de las veces son verídicos (AU)


Background and Objetives. Ureolytic urinary tract infections are generally associated with the elimination and / or formation of struvite infective stones (magnesium ammonium phosphate, triple phosphate). However, we are not aware of any reports of massive emission of crystals with macroscopic visualization and recovery of the sand in the "dry" sediment of the urine. The objective of this brief article is to report an infrequent case of massive crystalluria of magnesium ammonium phosphate secondary to urinary infection due to the association of two germs: Citrobacter freundii (non ureolytic) and Morganella morgagnii (ureolytic). Clinical Case. A 72-year-old woman with no prior urological history who consulted for the past 1 year of expulsion of a large amount of sand in the micturition, to the point that she had occasion ally occluded the urethra. The patient provided a sample of the crystalluria (sand) recovered from the dry sediment of her urine, where a large volume of dust and sand (microcrystals) was seen. The study of the urine sediment showed PH 8, density of 1035 (n 1005-1030), nitrites (+), bacteriuria and abundant amount of colorless crystals in the form of prism or "coffin" suggestive of corresponding magnesium ammonium phosphate crystals. In the urinoculture there were 500,000 CFU / ml and two non-ureolytic (Citrobacter freundii) and one ureolytic (Morganella morgagnii) were isolated. Simple x-ray of normal urinary system and ultrasound. The chemical analysis of the grit showed a composition of 80 pertcent magnesium ammonium phosphate and 20 pertcent calcium oxalate. Therapy was initiated according to antibiogram with ciprofloxacin 500 mg every 12 hours 7 days and the urine was acidified with vitamin C (ascorbic acid) 500 mg day 20, succeeding in eradicating the urinary tract infection, normalizing the urinary pH to 5, and finally stopping expulsion Of crystals. In a control at 6 months, he remained asymptomatic and with sterile urine culture. Conclusions. This case is an exceptional presentation of a urethritic urinary infection, without the usual classic symptoms. Its only clinical manifestation was the expulsion of large amounts of crystals (sand) in micturitions that occasionally caused intermittent urethral obstructions of spontaneous resolution. This unique case demonstrates that listening to patients, sometimes tell us almost impossible facts and most of the time are true.(AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Infecções Urinárias , Citrobacter freundii , Morganella morganii
11.
Int. j. morphol ; 34(4): 1232-1238, Dec. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-840873

RESUMO

Al realizarse estudios sobre muestras óseas para analizar características como dureza, densidad y salud, se suelen utilizar equipamientos que permiten la cuantificación de la densidad electrónica, proporcional a la densidad másica, que se relaciona directamente con la densidad mineral ósea. El test conocido como densitometría ósea se suele realizar con equipos de rayos X, ultrasonido o por medio de la utilización de isótopos radioactivos. Este estudio cuantifica la cantidad mineral ósea por superficie y suele ser utilizado para evaluar, entre otros, riesgos de fracturas o estado de osteoporosis. La técnica de tomografía computada utiliza imágenes bidimensionales de rayos X y métodos de reconstrucción tomográfica implementados en algoritmos computacionales para obtener información de la estructura interna de un objeto, de forma no destructiva. Equipamientos especialmente desarrollados logran obtener imágenes con resolución sub-milimétrica, dando lugar a la técnica conocida como micro-tomografía. La posibilidad de estudiar estructuras óseas con este grado de resolución y obtener imágenes morfológicas tridimensionales con información de la densidad electrónica, presenta una importante opción para estudios específicos sobre, entre otros, crecimiento de hueso y estudios de nuevos componentes que permiten acelerar el crecimiento de tejidos dañados. En el presente trabajo se analizan muestras óseas del cráneo de conejos donde se han dañado determinadas zonas y se han injertado diferentes sustancias tendientes a evaluar respuestas de reparación de tejido óseo. El análisis se realiza a los fines de estudiar la performance de la técnica de micro-tomografía desarrollada en laboratorio con el objetivo de observar su potencialidad en este tipo de estudios y la capacidad de estos análisis en la caracterización de las propiedades físicas de este tipo de muestras.


When performing studies on bone samples aiming at analyzing its physical characteristics such as hardness, density and health, typically it is used to utilize different equipment for the quantification of electron density, which results proportional to mass density, which is directly related to bone mineral density. The test known as bone densitometry is usually done using X-ray equipment, ultrasound or through the utilization of radioactive isotopes. This analysis quantifies the amount of mineral bone on a surface and is usually implemented to assess, among others, risks of fractures or the osteoporosis state in a patient. The computed tomography technique uses two-dimensional X-ray images and tomographic reconstruction methods implemented on computational algorithms to obtain information about the internal structure of an object in a nondestructively way. Specially developed equipment able to obtain images with sub-millimeter resolution, results in the technique known as micro-tomography. The ability to study bone structures at sub-millimeter levels and obtain three-dimensional morphological images with electron density information, presents an important option for specific studies on bone growth and studies on new components that allow the growth of damaged tissues. In this paper rabbits cranium bone samples where certain areas have been damaged and have been filled with different substances specially designed to evaluate repair responses on bone tissue are analyzed. The analysis is performed in order to study the performance of the micro-tomography technique developed in the laboratory in order to observe its potentiality in this type of studies and the ability of these analysis in the characterization of the physical properties of such samples.


Assuntos
Animais , Osso e Ossos/anatomia & histologia , Osso e Ossos/diagnóstico por imagem , Coelhos/anatomia & histologia , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Densidade Óssea
12.
Ciudad de México; s.n; 20160502. 80 p.
Tese em Espanhol | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1342956

RESUMO

El internamiento de un familiar en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) causa estrés en la familia por el alto riesgo de muerte e incertidumbre sobre el pronóstico, lo cual dificulta la toma de decisiones del Cuidador Familiar (CF) e incrementa el riesgo de anular la atención de sus necesidades. La información publicada sobre intervenciones para disminuir el estrés agudo en los CF son limitadas y controvertidas, por lo que se propone una intervención basada en la mejor evidencia disponible adaptado al contexto del CF de la UCI en México. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de una multi-intervención que involucra una plática estructurada, información impresa y consultoría sobre el estrés agudo del CF del paciente en la UCI. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio cuasi-experimental, pre y post-test, que incluyó a 64 CF para evaluar la Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo, se utilizó el inventario IDARE, se comparó el nivel de estrés entre los grupos y al interior de cada grupo pre y post-test. Resultados: en la Ansiedad-Estado hubo diferencias significativas entre los grupos control y experimental en el postest, mediana=48 (P25-P75=44.2-60.7), mediana= 45.5 (P25-P75=38.2-49) respectivamente. Así mismo se observó una disminución en el grupo experimental antes y después de la intervención, mediana=54 (P25-P75= 48-60.7), mediana=45.5 (P25-P75=38.2-49), (p=0.005). Conclusiones/implicaciones: Implementar una multi-intervención multidisciplinar que involucre la educación, información impresa y consultoría, reduce los niveles de estrés agudo del CF comparado con quienes reciben una información rutinaria. Se observó que los CF tienen niveles elevados de ansiedad en especial las mujeres, jefe de familia, residentes del Estado de México y cuando la probabilidad de muerte es alta. La investigación refrenda el tema que el desempleo y el desarrollo de enfermedades en el CF son condiciones que sin duda inciden en el desarrollo de la ansiedad.


The placement of a relative in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), may cause family stress due to the high risk of death and uncertainty about the prognostic, which hampering decision-making by the Family Caregiver (FC), and could increases the risk of cancel the attention of their needs. Interventions to reduce acute stress in FC are limited and controversial, so an intervention based on the best available evidence adapted to the context of FC UCI in Mexico is proposed. Objective: To evaluate the effect of a multi-intervention involving a structured discussion, printed information and consultancy on the acute stress of CF of patient in the ICU. Methodology: This is a quasi-experimental study, pre and post-test, that includes 64 CF to assess the State-Trait Anxiety, with IDARE inventory, stress level was compared between and within groups, pre and post-test. Results: Anxiety-State showed significant differences between the control and experimental group in the posttest, median = 48 (P25-P75 = 44.2-60.7), median = 45.5 (P25-P75 = 38.2-49) respectively. Likewise, a signifcant decrease of Anxiety-State was observed after the intervention in the experimental group, median = 54 (P25-P75 = 48-60.7), median = 45.5 (P25-P75 = 38.2-49), (p = 0.005). Conclusions / Implications: a multidisciplinary multi-intervention involving education, printed information and consulting, reduces acute stress levels of FC compared with those receiving routine information. It was noted that the FC have elevated levels of anxiety especially women, household head, residents of the State of Mexico and in those with a high likelihood of death. This investigation authenticates that the unemployment and the development of diseases in the CF are conditions that have a direct influence on the develompent of anxiety.


Assuntos
Humanos , Estresse Fisiológico , Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente , Educação em Saúde , Cuidadores , Sobrecarga do Cuidador , México
13.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 80(3): 251-255, jun. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-752876

RESUMO

Presentamos un caso clínico de diagnóstico prenatal de una masa testicular. Tras el nacimiento, se realizó la exéresis del tumor y el análisis anatomopatológico determinó que se trataba de un tumor de células de la granulosa juvenil. Los tumores testiculares son raros y deben considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de las masas escrotales en los neonatos. El tumor de células de la granulosa juvenil es una entidad clínico-patológica poco frecuente, que representa el 5% de los tumores testiculares prepuberales. Se considera una neoplasia benigna y la orquiectomía es una técnica quirúrgica curativa.


We report a case of a prenatally diagnosed testis tumor. After delivery, it was decided to perform right radical orchiectomy which was subsequently diagnosed as a juvenile granulosa cell tumor. Neonatal testicular tumors are rare and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of newborn scrotal masses. Juvenile granulosa cell tumor is a rare benign neoplasm of the testicular stroma that accounts for 5% of all prepuberal testis tumors. As a benign neoplasm, orchiectomy is sufficient for treatment.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Neoplasias Testiculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal , Tumor de Células da Granulosa/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Testiculares/patologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , alfa-Fetoproteínas/análise , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Tumor de Células da Granulosa/patologia
14.
Rev. chil. urol ; 80(1): 31-37, 2015. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-786475

RESUMO

El carcinoma neuroendocrino primario de vejiga es una neoplasia infrecuente que representa el 0,5por ciento de todos los tumores vesicales. La asociación de carcinoma neuroendocrino de vejiga en un paciente con infección por VIH nunca hasta hoy había sido descrita. Presentamos el primer caso clínico español y mundial de esta desconocida y nunca descrita asociación. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 46 años con infección por VIH que desarrolló un carcinoma neuroendocrino de vejiga urinaria de evolución fatal. Se describe su clínica de presentación, métodos de diagnóstico utilizados y su tratamiento. La paciente debutó con retención urinaria aguda que rápidamente progresó a la instauración de una uropatía obstructiva alta con deterioro de la función renal. El diagnóstico se efectuó mediante TAC, resección transuretral y estudio histopatológico donde la clave del diagnóstico fue el estudio inmunohistoquímico intensamente positivo para la cromogranina A. El tratamiento adyuvante con quimioterapia le ocasionó una aplasia medular severa, falleciendo por fallo multiórganico a los 26 días de su diagnóstico. A propósito de este caso, se revisa la literatura inglesa en PubMed sobre carcinoma neuroendocrino de vejiga y sobre tumores vesicales en pacientes con infección VIH, no existiendo ningún caso publicado de carcinoma neuroendocrino de vejiga en un paciente con infección por VIH. CONCLUSIONES: El carcinoma neuroendocrino de vejiga es un tumor infrecuente y muy agresivo. Es un tumor que suele presentarse clínicamente en estadios avanzados o metastásicos donde ninguna terapia es eficaz. El tratamiento incluye resección trans-uretral (RTU), cistectomía parcial, cistectomía radical y quimioterapia. El estudio inmunohistoquímico (IHQ) y la tinción con cromogranina A dan la clave para su diagnóstico. Su presentación en pacientes VIH implica muy mal pronóstico. Éste caso es el primer caso mundial publicado de carcinoma neuroendocrino...


The primary neuroendocrine carcinome of the bladder is an infrequent neoplasm which represents 0.5 percent of all vesical tumors. The association of neuroendocrine carcinome of the bladder in a patient with HIV infection has never been described before today. We present the first clinical case in the Spanish-speaking world and worldwide, of this unknown and never written about association. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical case of a 46-yearoldpatient with HIV infection who developed a neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder with a fatal evolution, its clinical presentation, the diagnosis methods used and its treatment, are described. The patient started with a severe urinary retention which rapidly progressed to the establishment of a high obstructive uropathy with deterioration in the renal function. The diagnosis was done using TAC, transurethral resection and histopathological study where the key to diagnosis was the intensely positive immunohistochemical study for the chromogranin A. The adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy led to a severe medular aplasia, with the patient dying due to a multi-organ failure, 26 days after her diagnosis. As a result of this case, English literature on the matter in PubMed about neuroendocrine carcinome of the bladder and about vesical tumors in patients with HIV infection was revised, with no published case existing about neuroendocrine carcinome in a patient with HIV. CONCLUSIONS: The neuroendocrine carcinome of the bladder is an infrequent and very aggressive tumor. It is a tumor that tends to be clinically present in advanced or metastasic states, where no therapy is efficient. The treatment includes transurethral resection (TUR), partial cystectomy, radical cystectomy and chemotherapy. The immunohistochemical study (IHC), and the stain with chromogranin A are key for its diagnosis. Its presentation in HIV patients implies a very bad prognosis. This case is the first published case worldwide of neuroendocrine...


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Carcinoma Neuroendócrino/complicações , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/complicações , Evolução Fatal
15.
Rev. chil. urol ; 80(1): 26-30, 2015. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-786474

RESUMO

Los abscesos renales son patologías infrecuentes, pero de alta morbi-mortalidad si no son diagnosticados temprano y tratados precozmente. Su vaga e inespecífica sintomatología: dolor abdominal o lumbar, fiebre o mal estado general hacen que su diagnostico sea a veces tardío. La ecografía y/o la TAC dan el diagnóstico en el 100 por ciento de los casos lo que hace posible su tratamiento temprano. El objetivo de este artículo es poner de relieve que el absceso renal es una causa de urgencia urológica a tener presente en pacientes fundamentalmente del sexo femenino, con síntomas de dolor abdominal o fiebre sin clara focalidad urológica.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se presenta el caso de una adolescente de 16 años con antecedente reciente de forunculosis cutánea supurada en rodilla derecha, que acudió a urgencias por dolor en flanco derecho y fosa iliaca derecha de 10 días de evolución sin fiebre ni síntomas miccionales. Se nos consultó para su valoración, siendo la ecografía el método diagnóstico que se utilizó para la localización de un absceso renal derecho subcapsular de 44 mm en polo superior, y posteriormente para su drenaje percutáneo al no responder porcompleto al tratamiento antibiótico i.v. El cultivo del material purulento del drenaje percutáneo aisló un Staphyloccocus aureus no meticilin resistente. El tratamiento antibiótico i.v asociado a drenaje percutáneo seguido de cloxacilina oral a su alta, curó a la paciente. A raíz de este caso se revisan las series y revisiones sobre abscesos renales de los últimos 10 años, con un total de 179 pacientes, y las publicaciones sobre abscesos renales por Staphyloccocus aureus con tan sólo 13 casos. CONCLUSIONES: Los abscesos renales han de tenerse en cuenta entre las urgencias urológicas. Su diagnóstico y tratamiento percutáneo es mayormente radiológico, reservándose la cirugía abierta o la nefrectomía para abscesos > de 5 cm o pacientes sépticos...


Renal abscesses are infrequent pathologies, but with a high morbidity-mortality if they are not diagnosed and treated early. Its vague and unspecific symptomatology: abdominal or lumbar pain, fever or poor general state, make its diagnosis late sometimes. The ultrasound and/or TAC provide a 100 percent diagnosis of the cases where its early treatment is possible. The objective of this article is to give importance to the fact that renal abscess is a cause of an urological emergency to keep in mind in patients, particularly females with symptoms of abdominal pain or fever without a clear urological focus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The case of a 16-year-old adolescent is presented with a recent history of festered cutaneous furunculosis on the right knee. She went to the emergency room due to pain on the right side and right illiac fosa with 10 days evolution without fever or urinary symptoms. She came to us for its evaluation, an ultrasound was used for diagnosis to locate a right subcapsular renal abscess of 44 mm on the superior pole, and later for its percutaneous drainage when it did not completely responded to I.V. antibiotic treatment. The culture of the purulent material of the percutaneous drainage isolated a resistant non-methicillin Staphyloccocus aureus. The I.V. antibiotic treatment associated to percutaneous drainage followed by oral cloxacillin upon release cured the patient. CONCLUSIONS: Renal abscesses have to be taken into account among the urological emergencies. Their diagnosis and percutaneous treatment is mainly radiological, leaving open surgery or nephrectomy for abscesses > 5cm or with septic patients...


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Abscesso/diagnóstico , Abscesso/terapia , Nefropatias/microbiologia , Nefropatias/terapia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Cloxacilina/uso terapêutico , Drenagem , Furunculose/complicações , Infecções Estafilocócicas/complicações , Radiologia Intervencionista , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação
16.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 142(11): 1363-1370, nov. 2014. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-734870

RESUMO

Background: Mitral balloon valvuloplasty (MBV) is the therapy of choice for the treatment of symptomatic mitral stenosis with suitable anatomy. Although its short and mid-term results are favorable, there is a paucity of information about long-term follow-up. Aim: To assess the late results of MBV. Material and Methods: A cohort of 225 patients aged 8 to 20 years who were subjected to a MBV from 1989 to 2001, was studied. All variables at the time of the procedure, short and long-term results and major events during follow-up (new mitral intervention and mortality) were recorded. Uni and multivariate analysis were used to assess prognosis. Results: The mean follow-up lapse was 13.5 years (range 8 to 20 years). During this period, 88 patients (39.1%) remained event-free and in acceptable functional capacity. Eight percent died, 8% required a second MBV and 43.5% required a surgical mitral valve replacement. A post-procedural area equal or greater to 1.9 cm² was associated with a greater likelihood of free-event survival (log rank test: p = 0.02/Cox proportional regression model: coefficient 0.54, p = 0.04). Conclusions: MBV is effective, although there is a high chance of new interventions in the long-term follow-up. A larger post-procedure mitral area is associated with a better prognosis.


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valvuloplastia com Balão/métodos , Estenose da Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Fatores Etários , Valvuloplastia com Balão/mortalidade , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Estenose da Valva Mitral/mortalidade , Estenose da Valva Mitral , Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Valva Mitral , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento
17.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 85(1): 86-93, feb. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-708820

RESUMO

Introduction: Congenital syphilis (CS) is a multisystemic infection of the newborn (NB) which can produce severe symptoms, and in some cases, even be fatal. In recent years, the incidence of syphilis has increased worldwide and similarly, the cases of CS in neonates have increased. Objective: To report two cases of early and severe presentation of CS, focusing on the importance of prevention of vertical transmission and monitoring of treated mothers. The diagnostic difficulties are discussed. Clinical cases: Two premature newborns that were diagnosed with probable CS present in the newborn period are presented. In the first case, due to a high index of suspicion, but without confirmatory testing, treatment was started with good clinical response. In the second case, CS was confirmed through positive serology and the specific treatment was given. Conclusion: CS has significant diagnostic challenges as there is no test for early confirmation, therefore, a high index of suspicion might be key in the treatment and consequent prognosis. Due to the current epidemiology of the condition, it is also important to focus on preventive measures.


Introducción: La sífilis congénita (SC) es una infección multisistémica que afecta al recién nacido (RN) y que puede producir manifestaciones clínicas de variada gravedad, e incluso ser fatal. Durante los últimos años, la incidencia de la sífilis ha aumentado a nivel mundial y, de igual forma, la SC en neonatos. Objetivo: Reportar 2 casos de presentación precoz y grave de SC, recalcando la importancia de la prevención de la trasmisión vertical y el seguimiento de las madres tratadas. Se discuten las dificultades diagnósticas. Casos clínicos: Se presentan dos RN prematuros, a quienes se les diagnosticó una probable SC durante su período neonatal inmediato. En el primer caso, debido a un alto índice de sospecha, aunque sin exámenes confirmatorios, se inició tratamiento, con buena respuesta clínica. En el segundo caso se confirmó diagnóstico de SC con serología, permitiendo el tratamiento específico. Conclusiones: La SC presenta un desafío diagnóstico importante dado que no existe un examen que permita su confirmación precoz, por lo que un alto índice de sospecha puede ser determinante en la oportunidad de tratamiento y consecuente pronóstico. Considerando la epidemiología actual, parece importante, además, reforzar las medidas de prevención a nivel pre concepcional.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Adulto , Sífilis Congênita/diagnóstico , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , Sepse
18.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 73(3): 268-270, dic. 2013. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-704561

RESUMO

El síndrome de Jervell y Lange-Nielsen es una forma poco frecuente de síndrome de QT largo. Su herencia es autosómica recesiva y se manifiesta con sordera neurosensorial. Revisamos el caso de una niña de 7 años implantada coclear bilateral. Tras un episodio sincopal se realiza el diagnóstico de síndrome de QT largo, el estudio genético confirma el diagnóstico. Recomendamos realizar electrocardiograma a todos los niños con hipoacusia severa con el objeto de descartar este síndrome.


The Jervell and Lange-Nielsen (JLNS) is an uncommon form of long QT syndrome. His inheritance is autosomal recessive and manifests as a sensorineural deafness. We review the case of a 7 year old girl bilateral cochlear implanted. After a syncope episode, a long QT syndrome was confirmed by genetic study. We recommend electrocardiogram (ECG) to all children with severe hearing loss in order to rule out this syndrome.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Síndrome de Jervell-Lange Nielsen/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Jervell-Lange Nielsen/fisiopatologia , Perda Auditiva/etiologia , Síndrome do QT Longo/diagnóstico , Síndrome do QT Longo/fisiopatologia , Síndrome de Jervell-Lange Nielsen/complicações , Eletrocardiografia , Perda Auditiva/cirurgia , Perda Auditiva/genética
19.
Rev. chil. urol ; 78(1): 14-16, 2013. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-774000

RESUMO

Objetivo: Comunicar un caso inusual de cálculo uretral femenino gigante enclavado en meato, que debutó por sangrado genital, sin retención urinaria ni síntomas miccionales. El cálculo era visible en el introito. Se efectuó tratamiento resolutivo en el área de urgencias, cursándose el alta a las pocas horas. Métodos: Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 82 años, con antecedentes remotos de cirugía vesical, que acudió a urgencias por sangrado genital. Valorada por Ginecología se apreció un gran cálculo uretral que a¬ oraba por el meato, derivándose a Urología. Tras la exploración física se solicitó radiografía simple de pelvis donde se apreció un gran calculo uretral de 6 x 4 cm. Bajo anestesia local se practicó meatotomía inferior con luxación y extracción del cálculo; siendo dada de alta a continuación con sonda vesical hasta la cicatrización de la herida. Resultados: La evolución tras el “parto del cálculo” fue favorable. Se cursó el alta con sonda vesical a las pocas horas de la extracción litiásica. Acudió nuevamente a urgencias 12 horas más tarde por arrancamiento involuntario de la sonda, siendo nuevamente sondada y dada de alta. La evolución posterior fue favorable, retirándose la sonda y conservando la micción espontanea. Conclusiones: El síntoma de sangrado genital femenino, no siempre se corresponde con problemas ginecológicos. La patología de la uretra femenina también puede ser su responsable: carúnculas, prolapsos, divertículos, quistes parauretrales de Skene, estenosis o cálculos como el caso presentado. Casos como éste pueden ser resueltos en la propia área de urgencias con relativa facilidad y sin necesidad de ingreso hospitalario.


Objective: To communicate the unusual case of a giant female urethral calculus located in the meatus, which presented with genital bleeding, without urinary retention or voiding symptoms. The calculus was visible at the introitus. Resolving treatment was performed in the emergency setting, progressing to discharge in a few hours. Methods: The case involved an 82–year-old patient with a remote history of bladder surgery who came to the emergency room with genital bleeding. On evaluation by the Gynecology staff, a large urethral calculus was found in the meatus, and a referral was made to the Urology department. After a physical examination, simple radiographs of the pelvis were ordered, in which a large urethral calculus (6 × 4 cm) was identified. Under local anesthesia, an inferior meatotomy was performed with luxation and extraction of the calculus; the patient was discharged with a catheter that was left in place until the wound healed. Results: The evolution after the “birth” of the calculus was favorable. The patient was discharged with a catheter a few hours after extraction of the lith. She returned to the emergency setting 12 hours later after inadvertently pulling out the catheter and was recatheterized and discharged. The patient’s later evolution was favorable; after removing the catheter, she maintained spontaneous voiding. Conclusions: The symptom of female genital bleeding does not always correspond to gynecological problems. Female urethral pathology can also be responsible; caruncles, prolapses, diverticuli, paraurethral cysts of the Skene’s gland, stenosis, or calculi, as in the case presented, can all result in bleeding. Cases like this one can be resolved in the emergency department relatively simply and without necessitating an inpatient admission.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doenças Uretrais/cirurgia , Doenças Uretrais/complicações , Litíase/cirurgia , Emergências
20.
Cuad. cir ; 26(1): 21-26, 2012. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-721843

RESUMO

La hipocalcemia es una complicación metabólica común en la tiroidectomía total y en el bypass gástrico. El mecanismo que la provoca es diferente en ambas entidades clínicas. La incidencia de esta complicación es variable, la presentación clínica es inespecífica y el manejo farmacológico no está estandarizado. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 40 años, a la cual se le realizaron ambas cirugías con el desarrollo de hipocalcemia sintomática post-operatoria.


Hypocalcemia is a common metabolic complications in total thyroidectomy and gastric bypass. The mechanism that causes it is different in both clinical entities. The incidence of this complication is variable, the clinical presentation is nonspecific and pharmacological management is not standardized. A case report of a patient of 40 years which were performed both surgeries with the development of postoperative symptomatic hypocalcemia.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Derivação Gástrica/efeitos adversos , Hipocalcemia/etiologia , Tireoidectomia/efeitos adversos , Hipocalcemia/fisiopatologia , Hormônio Paratireóideo/fisiologia , Fatores de Risco , Vitamina D/fisiologia
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