Incidence of urinary tract infection in hospitalized icteric neonates in Javaheri hospital [2003-2006]

Urinary tract infection [UTI] is one of the most common bacterial infection in childhood. It's incidence in neonates is 0.1 - 1% and it is more common in premature, low birth weight and uncircumcission male infants. More reports suggested association between hyperbilirubinemia with unknown etiology and bacterial infection including UTI, but AAP has not still recommended to evaluate such infections as routine. This study did to evaluate the incidence of UTI in icteric neonates without fever and other signs. This was a cross sectional study on 400 hospitalized icteric neonates without fever and other signs at Javaheri hospital in 2003-2006. In these neonates urinalysis was done by bag and if urinalysis or urine culture was positive, then the test repeated through suprapubic procedure. Evaluation of urinary tract anomalies and reflux were done in patients. The results analysis by frequency tables and T and chi square tests. The incidence of UTI in hospitalized icteric neonate was 1.8%. It was more common in males and the most common isolated organism was E coli. There was unilateral dilatation of pyelocaliceal system in one case [14.3%]. In attention to low incidence of UTI in icteric neonates without other signs, it is recommended to perform urine test in prolonged jaundice with unknown etiology, direct hyperbilirubinemia or when hyperbilirubinemia decreases difficulty

Comparison of success rates in breastfeeding after vaginal delivery and cesarean section

The nutrition and immunity effects of breastfeeding have been known, so it seems important to identify effects of different factors on secretion of breast milk for encouraging the mothers to breastfeeding. In this analytic prospective study, the effects of different types of delivery on continuity of breastfeeding and better weight gain of newborns were evaluated in 200 newborns by normal vaginal delivery and 200 newborns by cesarean section, in 1383 at three hospitals in Tehran. The newborns weight in 1.5- and 3- month and the type of newborns nutrition were compared between two groups. Among vaginal delivery group, breast feeding was associated with full success in 70%, partial success in 21.5% and no success in 8.5%, while these figures were 48%, 29% and 23% in cesarean group, respectively. It seems to be longer time of breast feeding and better weight gain of infants in normal vaginal delivery comparing to cesarean section

Determining the efficacy of erythromycin ointment 0.5% in protection of conjunctivitis in neonates under phototherapy with eye patches

Ophthalmia neonatorum is a form of conjunctivitis that occurs in infants younger than 4 weeks of age. It is the most common eye disease in newborns. It presents as the inflammation of mucous membrane lining posterior layer of eyelids and bulbar part of eyeball except cornea. It's complications are corneal ulcer, corneal perforation and blindness. The aim of this randomised clinical trial was to investigate the effect of erythromycin ointment 0.5% to prevent the incidence of conjunctivitis in icteric neonates who were under phototherapy with eye patches. A total of 200 cases of icteric newborns in Javaheri hospital who admitted for phototherapy were considered. Neonatal conjunctivitis was not correlated with gestational age, duration of admission, type of delivery, and weight. It was not associated with erythromycin use, however, there was a significant association between conjunctivitis and age of newborn. Results showed that erythromycin ointment is not useful for protecting conjunctivitis in neonates under phototherapy with eye patches

[Maternal knowledge, attitude and perception about supplemental iron and vitamins in infants]

Deficiency of iron and vitamins is a major health concern that may lead to anemia or rickets. The aim of the present study was to determine the maternal knowledge, attitude and perception about supplemental iron and vitamins in their infants. This analytic KAP study was performed on 480 consecutive cases in 2005. A questionnaire was completed by a trained investigator. Knowledge of mothers towards iron and vitamins was low in 59.3%, moderate in 38.8%, and high in 1.9%. Attitude was poor in 20.4%, moderate in 12.1% and good in 67.5%, however, perception was poor in 14.2%, moderate in 57.7% and good in 28.1%. With respect to poor maternal knowledge, attitude and perception about supplemental iron and vitamins, there is an urgent need for training