RESUMO
Background: Tobacco use and physical inactivity are major risk factors for NCDs. Adequate physical activity keeps one healthy but sedentary life style may contribute to other unhealthy practices like tobacco use. There is a need to identify if and how the two risk factors are interrelated so as to address them more strategically. Objectives: To assess the level of physical activity and to identify its association with tobacco use among college going youth in Chandigarh. Material & Methods: Data on physical activity and tobacco use was collected from 500 students aged 18-24 years studying in different professional and nonprofessional colleges of Chandigarh in year, through a multistage stratified random sampling technique. We used semi-structured, self-administered questionnaires-namely 78 item Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) for assessing tobacco use status and GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire) for assessment of physical activity. Binary logistics regression analysis was done to find association between tobacco use and physical activity. Odd’s ratio & 95% confidence interval (C.I.) was calculated. Results: Of the 500 individuals studied, 12.8% (n=64) were physically inactive, 10% (n=50) were active and 76.2% (n=381) were highly active. Females (15.8%) were more inactive as compared to males (12.1%). Highly active respondents were seen more in 18-20 years age group (77.6%) as compared to 21-22 years age group (76.1%). The odds of consuming tobacco is significantly lower among physically active respondents as compared to inactive respondents. Conclusions: Our findings indicate a significant relationship between physical activity and tobacco use among youth. Promotion of physical activity may be a useful educational tool for reducing tobacco use.
RESUMO
Hypertensive retinopathy is seen frequently in patients with systemic hypertension and is usually asymptomatic. An acute rise in blood pressure may lead to exudative changes in the form of macular edema, hemorrhages, and serous macular detachment that can lead to visual decline. The authors report prompt resolution of exudative changes in a case of hypertensive retinopathy following intravitreal bevacizumab.
RESUMO
Rhizoctonia solani is a very common soil borne pathogen with a great diversity of host plants. A 52 year old lady presented with sole manifestation of subcutaneous swelling over the left leg for 3 months Pus was collected by aspiration revealed septatate fungal hyphae. After culture on SDA at 25 C showed white cottony growth initially, progressed to buff colored to black colonies on further incubation. On LPCB mount we found septate hyphae with acute and right angled branching with out any conidia and hyphal anastomosis which resembled features of Rhizoctonia solani. Patient was put on Fluconazole and responded well to the treatment.
RESUMO
Rhizoctonia solani is a very common soil borne pathogen with a great diversity of host plants. A 52 year old lady presented with sole manifestation of subcutaneous swelling over the left leg for 3 months Pus was collected by aspiration revealed septatate fungal hyphae. After culture on SDA at 25 C showed white cottony growth initially, progressed to buff colored to black colonies on further incubation. On LPCB mount we found septate hyphae with acute and right angled branching with out any conidia and hyphal anastomosis which resembled features of Rhizoctonia solani. Patient was put on Fluconazole and responded well to the treatment.
RESUMO
Hashimoto's encephalopathy is an under-recognized cause of acute encephalopathy both in children and adults. We hereby describe a 12.5 yr old boy with this rare disorder that presented with an acute onset of episodic psychosis with hallucinations along with seizures and had elevated antithyroid antibodies. Symptoms improved with thyroxine replacement and anticonvulsants and EEG normalized 3 mth into follow up. Hashimoto's encephalopathy should be considered in patients with unexplained encephalopathy and seizures, as prompt recognition and management can lead to an excellent outcome.