Study of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Ranchi, Jharkhand

Solid waste management (SWM) have becomes a very serious concern globally. The lack of individual responsibilities as well as proper attitude and approach leads to this issue. Rapid industrialization, increase in population and further increase in standard of living and poor waste management have increased the serous health issue. In India we generate about one 1 lakh ton of MSW per day. Almost every ton of MSW is disposed of unscientifically. Though the compostable organic waste ranges between 34-70 percent, improper segregation or no segregation at source has challenged the further treatment and disposal experiments. Ranchi city need to be taken care by various new SWM techniques, proper management skill and adequate care the diseases and improve medical conditions. This paper deals with the proper description of the current MSWM process and the real time scenario where every individual is a source of waste creation. The effect of growing population of last ten years outcome of waste quality and quantity generated throughout these years have been discussed. It is observed that more than 4000 tons of waste per month is being generated. Researches shows that the disposal of solid waste requires 2,700,000 m2 area for the land up to the year 2030. Far sustainable development and effective management it is suggested that implementation of newer technologies, training of common people, and effective implementation of government policies will help to come out of these current issues

Progressive multifocal leukoence-phalopathy presenting as homonymous hemianopia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

We present a case of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive patient who was referred for retinal evaluation to rule out ophthalmic manifestations of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). She complained of some disturbance in vision in both eyes. Fundus examination showed no abnormality. Perimetry, done to rule out optic nerve pathology, showed a left homonymous hemianopia. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan showed features of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML). She had no other neurological symptoms or signs.

Isolation and characterization of actinomycetes from soil and evaluation of antibacterial activities of actinomycetes against pathogens.

Actinomycetes are one of the most attractive sources of antibiotics. In the present studies, total of 15 strains were isolated from Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital and RML Park in Lucknow, U.P India. Isolated strains were identified for their antibacterial activity but only six isolate showed good result, they were evaluated for their inhibitory activity on 3 strains of microorganism (E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus). Isolation of Actinomycetes strain was obtained by serial dilution method and grown on actinomycetes isolation agar. Antibacterial compounds were produced by submerged fermentation and activity of compounds were checked against bacterial culture by antibiogram analysis where intracellular and extracellular compounds showed positive result, compare to intracellular compounds, extracellular compounds was showing best result which was 30 mm zone of inhibition against S. aureus and MIC was found to be 0.0009 mg/ml.