Study of Exchange Transfusion by Reconstituted Blood in Hemolytic Disease of Fetus & New Born

Introduction: In newborns with hemolytic disease of fetusand newborn, exchange transfusion is one of the treatments.The main objective of this study was to review and establishthe practice of exchange transfusion with reconstituted bloodin neonates and to observe fall of bilirubin and also rise inhemoglobin and its comparison with related studies.Material and methods: Total 31 neonates with hemolyticdisease of fetus and newborn were included in thisstudy and exchange transfusion was carried out to treathyperbilirubinemia. Exchange transfusion with O Rh negativecells suspended in AB plasma were done for neonates havingRh hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn and O Rh positivecells suspended in AB plasma were used for exchangetransfusion to ABO hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn.The pre and post exchange transfusion blood samples weretested for serum bilirubin and hemoglobin.Result: Out of the 31 cases, 20 were of Rhesus (Rh) hemolyticdisease of fetus and newborn, while ABO and other bloodgroups constituted 08 and 03 hemolytic disease of fetus andnewborn cases respectively. The average post-exchange fallin serum indirect bilirubin was (53.47%) and average rise inhemoglobin level was 3.06 gm/dl in all 31 cases.Conclusion: The reconstituted blood is immunologically muchsafer and better than whole blood for purpose of exchangetransfusion in hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn becauseof its superiority in minimizing transfusion reactions and inachieving all the therapeutic effects of exchange transfusionin better way

Breast Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Reporting : A Study of Application of Probabilistic Approach.

Background: This study is based on application of probabilistic approach in reporting of breast fine needle aspiration cytology, its accuracy and correlation with likelihood of carcinoma in histology. Material and Method: Breast cytology was reported according to 1 of 6 categories, positive, suspicious, atypical, proliferative without atypia, unremarkable and unsatisfactory. Histologic correlation was done whenever possible. Results: Out of total 515 cases, 138 were correlated in histology. There were no false positive cases. The probability of finding carcinoma on histology, for suspicious and atypical categories was 94.11% and 75% respectively. All lesions from proliferative without atypia and unremarkable categories were benign on histology. Conclusion: The probabilistic approach is uniform, accurate method and easy to apply in reporting of breast FNAs. Suspicious and atypical categories were associated with increased incidence of carcinoma in histology and therefore such cases should be further evaluated for histology.

Relationship of oral cancer with age, sex, site distribution and habits.

Many studies are carried out regarding age incidence, tobacco smoking and sites of oral cancer, but in Gujarat tobacco chewing in form of Gutkha is more common than smoking and start during preteen years. Tobacco chewing causing chronic inflammation, submucous fibrosis and oral cancer. This study was conducted on 504 patients to find out if there is increasing incidence of oral cancer in lower age group and its relation with sex as well which site was commonly affected. There was statistically significant increase in oral cancer in lower age group, and anatomically anterior part of oral cavity showed involvement in 61.32% of cases. Though males were affected more but female cases were 25%. So tobacco chewing has got detrimental effect on oral cavity.