RESUMO
Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) in Indian population occurs a decade earlier, is more advanced at presentation and have different patterns of dyslipidemia compared to western population.1,2 Role of nonconventional lipid markers like apolipoprotein A (ApoA), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), lipoprotein a (Lpa) were studied in the present study. Material and methods: Thirty-six consecutive patients of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were included in the study. Patients with risk factors for dyslipidemia like diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, liver failure, renal failure or those already on lipid lowering therapy were excluded from study. Extended lipid profile in fasting state was studied for all patients including apolipoproteins and Lpa within 12 hours of chest pain. The study was duly approved by hospital ethics committee. Results: Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol values were within normal range for most of the patients (average value 155 ± 21 mg% and 90 ± 16.7, respectively). The major abnormality found in lipid profile was high triglyceride (164 ± 51 mg%), low HDL (33 ± 6.5 mg%), high Lpa (mean value 25 ± 10.3 mg%) and high incidence of unfavorable ApoA/ApoB ratio (i.e ratio <1.00). 41.7% (15/36) patients had high Lpa value (i.e. >30 mg%). Percentage of patients having unfavorable ApoA1/ApoB ratio was 92%. Comprehensive lipid tetrad index was 19286. Percentage of patients with truncal obesity (i.e. waist-hip ratio >1.00) was 36% (13/36). Percentage of current smokers in study was 42% (15/36). Conclusion: We observed high incidence of elevated Lpa and unfavorable ApoA/ApoB ratio in AMI patients of this region. The role of these additional lipid markers needs to be studied in detail especially in subsets who have normal conventional lipid profile.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Over the last few decades, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension have become main health evils. The health problems of obesity are well-recognized. However, the fact that all obese individuals are not at the same risk of developing a disease is also recognized. The apolipoprotein B (APOB) plays a central role in lipid metabolism. So we compare the association of APOB XbaI gene polymorphism and lipid profile total in obese north Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 132 obese (body mass index [BMI] >25 kg/m2) and 132 age matched non-obese (BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2) subjects were studied after taking detailed clinical profile. Lipid profile in serum/plasma was done using commercial kits. Genetic analysis of APOB XbaI was done using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Leanth polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Statistical analysis was performed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) (version 11.5) software (IBM Corporation). All continuous variables were expressed as mean ± SD and tested by analysis of variance test. Comparisons of categorical variables were assessed using χ2 tests or Fisher's exact test. P < 0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS: Analysis showed that obese subjects had significantly higher value of the waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), and lipid profile. In APOB XbaI gene polymorphism, we did not find significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies. Moreover, none of the studied metabolic parameters (lipid profile) showed any association with the gene polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS: Study reveals no considerable association of APOB XbaI gene polymorphism with obesity and lipid profile in north Indians.