Uma particularidade italiana? Psicanálise, modernização e sociologia do consumo na Itália dos anos 1960 / An Italian peculiarity? Psychoanalysis, modernization and the sociology of consumption in 1960s Italy

Resumo Durante os anos 1960, a psicanálise experimentou uma expansão notável na Itália. Um dos cenários da crescente difusão de teorias psicanalíticas foi o mundo de marketing e sociologia do consumo. Com base no caso do sociólogo Francesco Alberoni, podemos examinar o impacto das teorias de Melanie Klein para entender o comportamento dos consumidores. Da mesma forma, o "caso Alberoni" serve para observar as preocupações e incertezas sobre a modernização social na Itália e também para perguntar sobre as especificidades da crescente importância da psicanálise na Itália na década de 1960.

Abstract Psychoanalysis experienced a remarkable boom in 1960s Italy. One of the areas where psychoanalytic theory disseminated was the world of marketing and the sociology of consumption. Based on the case of the sociologist Francesco Alberoni, we can examine the impact of the theories of Melanie Klein for understanding the behavior of consumers. Similarly, Alberoni's work shows the concerns and uncertainties on the social modernization of Italy, and also raises questions on the specificities of the growing importance of psychoanalysis in Italy in the 1960s.

Un enigma llamado Agostino Gemelli: catolicismo, fascismo y psicoanálisis en la Italia de entreguerras / An enigma named Agostino Gemelli: Catholicism, fascism and psychoanalysis in Italy during the inter-war period

Resumen El padre franciscano Agostino Gemelli jugó importante rol en la articulación entre el mundo católico y el fascismo en la Italia de entreguerras. Gemelli fue también una figura central de la psicología italiana, especialmente durante las décadas de 1930 y 1940. El artículo enfoca sus estrategias de construcción profesional, con especial atención, la manera en que su vinculación con el poder político y eclesiástico permitió su creciente relevancia dentro de la psicología italiana. Tomando como ejemplo la vinculación de Gemelli con el psicoanálisis, se subraya la tensión entre su relativa apertura y su compromiso con ideologías e instituciones autoritarias y dogmáticas.

Abstract The Franciscan friar Agostino Gemelli has been the subject of much research and debate. This is due to his important political profile and, above all, to the role he played in mediating between the Catholic world and fascism in Italy during the inter-war period. Gemelli was also a central figure in Italian psychology, especially during the 1930s and 1940s. This article is structured to focus in particular on the way that his connections with political and ecclesiastic powers allowed him to become increasingly significant within Italian psychology. Using the example of Gemelli’s relationship with psychoanalysis, this study highlights the tension between his relatively open-minded stance and his links to authoritarian, dogmatic ideologies and institutions.