RESUMO
Introduction: Different sizes of crowns may be tried on children since there is no universal crown size because of distinctions in tooth morphology from one child to other. During the process of trial and error, the crown gets contaminated which needs to be sterilized for reuse of crown. This study was carried out to evaluate the physical–mechanical outcome after the sterilization and disinfection of pediatric preformed crowns. Materials and Methods: In total, sixty crowns consisted of 20 each, stainless steel crowns (SSCs) (3M ESPE), preveneered stainless steel (Kinder Krowns), and Zirconia crowns (Kinder Krowns) which were divided into four groups. G1 in which crowns did not undergo any sterilization, G2 consisted of fast sterilization, similarly G3 was slow sterilization, and G4 underwent chemical disinfection using Korsolex Plus for 15 min. Following sterilization, all the crown samples were observed under a stereomicroscope at ×200 magnification and assessed for color change, crazing, dimensional stability, and fracturing. Post hoc Tukey test and two-way ANOVA were performed for comparison between types of crowns and sterilization methods, with a significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: There was no color change or fracturing following sterilization among crowns in any of the groups. Highest crazing was noted in stainless steel and the least in Zirconia crowns. Preveneered stainless steel was the most dimensionally stable and SSCs was the least. Conclusion: No color changes and fracture were noted in any type of crowns. Preveneered stainless steel was most dimensionally stable followed by Zirconia and SSCs. Maximum crazing was seen in SSCs and nil in Zirconia.
RESUMO
Background & Objective: The high prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis has heightened the problems of blood safety in India. TTIs cause fatal, chronic and life-threatening disorders because of their prolonged viraemia and carrier or latent state. Serologic tests utilized routinely in the screening of blood donors, totally not guarantee the absence of these infections among blood donors. Methodology: Samples of HIV, HBsAg, HCV were tested by ELISA and samples of syphilis were tested by RPR method following manufacturer’s instructions. Results: Prevalence of HBV was highest within at the age groups 26-35 years, HCV within the age group between 36-45years, syphilis within the age group between 46-55 years and HIV between 26-35 years. The prevalence of hepatitis B and syphilis was higher among males as compared to females, while for hepatitis C and HIV, it was higher among females as compared to males. Conclusion: Availability of safe blood for transfusion can be achieved by vigorous screening of donors and donated blood. Screening of blood is now mandatory for many diseases and is undertaken routinely in blood banks. The prevalence of TTIs among the Indian blood donors is reported to be ranging as follows; HBV – 0.66% to 12%, HCV – 0.5% to 1.5%, HIV– 0.084% to 3.87%, and syphilis – 0.85% to 3% respectively. Hence strict selection of blood donors with stringent screening and safe methods of detection can minimise risk if TTI.