RESUMO
The purpose of this study was to validate a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) equation for prediction of body fat mass (FM) against dual energy Xray absorptiometry (DXA) in healthy Indian adults with large variations in body mass index and age. Healthy subjects (28 males and 85 females) were investigated by two methods: FM was measured by a dual energy Xray absorptiometry and segmental bioelectrical parameters at various frequencies were measured by a commercial segmental multifrequency BIA instrument. Total body parameters were derived from segmental bioelectrical parameters. As correlation was high and prediction error was low, a single equation was developed for FM as follows: FM = 15.45 + [0.0074 × (Rbody250)] - (3.89 × sex); men = 1, women = 0) + (0.844 × w) - [6938 × (h2/Zbody50)] - (22.22 × h) + [3 × (Xbody250 - Xbody5)/age)] + [1.53 × (Φbody5)] - [0.126 × (Xbody50/h)]. Fat mass predicted with dual energy Xray absorptiometry was 28.11 ± 9.30 kg. BIApredicted FM was 28.12 ± 9.11 kg (R = 0.9794, adjusted R2 = 0.9561, standard error of estimate = 1.95 kg, total error = 1.87 kg). In conclusion, the new developed BIA equation was valid for prediction of FM in healthy subjects aged 23 to 81 years with body mass indices between 15.62 and 39.98 kg.m-2. Inclusion of reactance in the kg.m-2 single prediction equation appeared to be essential for use of BIA equation in adults with large variations in body mass and age.
RESUMO
Familial Partial Lipodystrophy, Dunnigan type (FPLD), is characterised by loss of subcutaneous fat from the limbs and an excessive accumulation of fat on the neck, shoulder girdle and face. Affected individuals have insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and early cardiovascular events. Body composition (BC) with details of adipose tissue distribution were studied by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) ina heterozygote for the FPLD mutation LMNA R482W, and in an age, sex and body mass index (BMI) matched normal control. DEXA revealed a marked decrease in total as well as regional fat percentage in the patient compared to a normal control. Marked reductions in subcutaneous fat in the extremities with substantial lipodeposition in the nape of the neck were confirmed with. MRI. The importance of increased perinephric, retroperitoneal and intermuscular fat in the thighs found in this patient, needs to be explored vis-à-vis the pathogenesis of insulin resistance found in FPLD.
Assuntos
Absorciometria de Fóton , Adulto , Composição Corporal , Diabetes Mellitus Lipoatrófica/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância MagnéticaRESUMO
The purpose of this report is to highlight the utility of prenatal MRI as an adjunctive imaging modality in the diagnosis and prognosis of Tuberous Sclerosis (TS) (Bourneville's disease). We report a case of TS detected in utero at 30 weeks gestation. A routine ultrasonography at 26 weeks in a 28-year-old primigravida was followed by an ultrafast MRI examination at 30 weeks gestation. Ultrasound raised the possibility of TS based on the detection of multiple cardiac rhabdomyomas. Fetal MRI, subsequently performed, showed the presence of cortical tubers and subependymal nodules establishing the diagnosis. Fetal MRI in the appropriate clinical setting can be potentially invaluable and can have important prognostic implications.
Assuntos
Adulto , Autopsia , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Gravidez , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal , Esclerose Tuberosa/diagnósticoRESUMO
Symmetrical mediatinal lipomatosis is a rare benign condition characterized by deposition of a large amount of mature adipose tissue within the mediastinum. Usually secondary to exogenous obesity, administration of steroids and Cushing's disease, it is more common in middle-aged males and is associated with alcohol abuse. Various other associations have been reported. CT and MRI can decisively diagnose this benign condition, which also helps in deciding treatment options. We present a case of a young female with a bizarre appearance on chest radiographs. Isolated, bilaterally symmetrical mediastinal lipomatosis was diagnosed on CT and MRI. The patient was thin and did not consume alcohol or steroids. Cushing's disease and other known associations were excluded.
Assuntos
Adulto , Fatores Etários , Feminino , Humanos , Lipomatose/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Doenças do Mediastino/diagnóstico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radiografia Torácica , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Cavernous angioma of spinal cord is an extremely rare vascular malformation. The association with brain cavernous angioma is even uncommon. There should be a high index of suspicion for a spinal cord lesion whenever a brain cavernous angioma is diagnosed, in cases with appropriate suggestive spinal symptoms. We present a case of cavernous angioma of the brain involving the genu of the corpus callosum, co-existing with spinal cord hemangioma. Involvement of the corpus callosum by a cavernous angioma is also uncommon. Intraventricular extension of this lesion was also detected.
Assuntos
Adulto , Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicações , Hemangioma Cavernoso/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias da Medula Espinal/complicaçõesRESUMO
We present a 65 year old, relatively asymptomatic man, who was found to have an intrasacral meningocele with tethered cord syndrome on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Incidental detection of this entity at such an old age is very unusual.
Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Dor Lombar/etiologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Meningocele/diagnóstico , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/diagnóstico , Sacro/patologiaRESUMO
Although bilateral optic nerve gliomas are commonly found in patients with neurofibromatosis I, extensive gliomas involving the entire visual tracts, bilaterally are relatively rare. Usually the optic radiations are spared. We report a case of a 2-year-old child with extensive disease of bilateral visual pathways with involvement of the hypothalamus manifesting as obesity.
Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Neurofibromatose 1/complicações , Glioma do Nervo ÓpticoRESUMO
A rare case of relatively asymptomatic giant hepatic artery aneurysm of atherosclerotic aetiology is presented. The importance of imaging findings in the diagnosis of this condition and the differential diagnosis including the pertinent literature on the topic is discussed.
Assuntos
Adulto , Aneurisma/diagnóstico por imagem , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Artéria Hepática , Humanos , Masculino , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Three patients were diagnosed as suffering from Hallervorden Spatz disease, a rare disorder, on the basis of their clinical and MRI findings.
Assuntos
Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Globo Pálido/patologia , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Neurodegeneração Associada a Pantotenato-Quinase/diagnósticoRESUMO
Synovial cysts are commonly found in the knee joint. Hip Joint is an infrequent site for formation of synovial cysts. The features of a large, synovial cyst on magnetic resonance imaging, occurring in the hip joint, are described.
Assuntos
Artrite Reumatoide/complicações , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cisto Sinovial/diagnósticoRESUMO
Posterior pituitary ectopia refers to an absent normal posterior pituitary bright spot within the sella with ectopic bright signal at another site (such as the median eminence) on a weighted magnetic resonance. We describe two children with idiopathic anterior hypopituitarism who showed an ectopic posterior pituitary and absent pituitary stalk on imaging. We emphasize the association of the absent pituitary stalk in ectopic pituitary gland and low growth hormone levels.
Assuntos
Criança , Coristoma/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Hipopituitarismo/etiologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Eminência Mediana , HipófiseRESUMO
Hypothalamic hamartomas are rare tumours of particular interest because of their unusual symptoms. Three cases of hypothalamic hamartomas are reported in children, who presented with precocious puberty and gelastic seizures.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Hamartoma/diagnóstico , Humanos , Doenças Hipotalâmicas/diagnóstico , MasculinoRESUMO
We describe imaging findings of a patient with multiple intracranial lipomas, hypogenetic corpus callosum and a vestibular schwannoma. We did not find association of intracranial lipomas and vestibular schwannoma in English literature.
Assuntos
Adulto , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Corpo Caloso/patologia , Neoplasias dos Nervos Cranianos/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Lipoma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/diagnóstico , Neurilemoma/diagnóstico , Nervo Vestibular , Doenças do Nervo Vestibulococlear/diagnósticoRESUMO
Rupture of intracranial dermoids tumour is rare and carries with it the risk of significant morbidity as well as fatality. Three cases that presented with varying symptoms ranging from headache to chiasmatic compression and suspected to have rupture of dermoid tumour are described. The importance of MR imaging in their diagnosis is discussed.
Assuntos
Adulto , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Cisto Dermoide/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , MasculinoRESUMO
Nasal gliomas are uncommon lesions, with approximately 100 cases reported in the literature. We present a case of intranasal glioma with a pedicle of glial tissue and defect in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone. Presence of such a pedicle is almost always present in the encephaloceles and is known to be distinctively uncommon in nasal gliomas.