Temporo-spatial distribution of stem cell markers CD146 and p75NTR during odontogenesis in mice

Abstract Mesenchymal and epithelial stem cells were identified in dental tissues; however, knowledge about the odontogenic stem cells is limited, and there are some questions regarding their temporo-spatial dynamics in tooth development. Objective Our study aimed to analyze the expression of the stem cell markers CD146 and p75NTR during the different stages of odontogenesis. Methodology The groups consisted of 13.5, 15.5, 17.5 days old embryos, and 14 days postnatal BALB/c mice. The expression of CD146 and p75NTR was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results Our results showed that positive cells for both markers were present in all stages of tooth development, and the number of positive cells increased with the progression of this process. Cells of epithelial and ectomesenchymal origin were positive for CD146, and the expression of p75NTR was mainly detected in the dental papilla and dental follicle. In the postnatal group, dental pulp cells were positive for CD146, and the reduced enamel epithelium and the oral mucosa epithelium showed immunostaining for p75NTR. Conclusions These results suggest that the staining pattern of CD146 and p75NTR underwent temporal and spatial changes during odontogenesis and both markers were expressed by epithelial and mesenchymal cell types, which is relevant due to the significance of the epithelial-ectomesenchymal interactions in tooth development.

Disposição dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas para identificar condições médicas em consultório odontológico / Dentists' willingness to identify medical conditions in a dental setting

Objetivo: As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis bem como a infecção pelo HIV e as hepatites virais representam hoje problemas de saúde importantes liderando as causas de mortes e causando grande gasto de dinheiro público. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar as atitudes e vontade de Cirurgiões- Dentistas brasileiros em relação a detecção de condições médicas em consultório odontológico, e comparar os resultados com pesquisa semelhante conduzida com Cirurgiões-Dentistas americanos. Material e métodos: Entrevistamos 323 Cirurgiões-Dentistas de São Paulo. O questionário anônimo avaliou a opinião e disposição dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas em realizar procedimentos médicos no consultório odontológico. A escala de respostas de 5 pontos incluía 1 (muito importante/ muito disposto) até 5 (muito pouco importante/ muito pouco disposto). Resultados: Igualmente aos Cirurgiões-Dentistas americanos, a maioria dos entrevistados acredita ser muito importante detectar doença cardiovascular (80.8%), hipertensão (83.3%), diabetes (83.3%), infecção pelo HIV (86%), e hepatite (86.7%). A maioria está disposta a realizar exame com resultado imediato (54% dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas), mas apenas 47% estão dispostos a discutir o resultado de exames com o paciente imediatamente após realizá-lo. Menos da metade dos entrevistados (47%) consideram seguro saúde como "muito importante" na decisão de incorporar ou não os exames médicos no consultório. Tempo, custo, responsabilidade legal e a vontade do paciente foram considerados "muito importantes" pela maioria dos entrevistados. Conclusão: A maioria dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas brasileiros entrevistados acredita que a triagem para condições médicas em cadeira odontológica seja muito importante e estão dispostos a conduzir um rastreio para condições médicas específicas em consultório odontológico..

Objective: Non-communicable diseases as well as HIV infection and viral hepatitis represents today a major health problem leading causes of death and great expenditures for society. The objective of this survey was to assess Brazilians dentists' attitudes and willingness regarding chairside medical screening in the dental office, and compare the results with a similar survey conducted with American dentists. Material and methods: We interviewed 323 dentists from São Paulo city. The anonymous questionnaire aimed assessing the opinions of dentists in relation to medical procedures in the dental office. The 5-point response scale enclose 1 (very important/very willing) to 5 (very unimportant/very unwilling). Results: In the same way as the American dentists, the majority of the respondents believed it is very important for dentists to conduct screening for cardiovascular disease (80.8%), hypertension (83.3%), diabetes (83.3%), human immunodeficiency virus (86%), and hepatitis (86.7%). Most are willing to conduct screening that generated immediate results (54%), but only 47% are disposed to discuss results immediately with the patient during the dental visit. Less than half of interviewed dentists (47%) considered that having insurance coverage was "very important" in deciding whether or not incorporating medical screening into dental practice. Time, cost, liability and patient´s willing were considered more important among majority of the respondents. Conclusion: Most respondents believed that chair side screening for medical conditions was very important and were disposed to conduct screening for specified medical conditions in a dental setting.