Thevalueofdynamicenhanced MRIimaginginthedifferentialdiagnosis betweenbenignIPandIP malignanttransformation / 实用放射学杂志

Objective ToinvestigatethevalueofDCEGMRIimagingindifferentiatingmalignanttransformationinvertedpapilloma (IP)frombenignIP.Methods 24casesofIPconfirmedbyoperationandpathologywerecollectedfromJanuary2012toJanuary 2018,including14caseswithbenignIPand10patientswithIP malignanttransformation.Thedynamicenhancementparametersof thetwogroups,theproductoftransferconstant(Ktrans),therefluxrateconstant(Kep),theextravascularextracellularspacevolume fraction (Ve)andthedifferenceoftheareaundertheinitialcurve(iAUC)wereanalyzed.Thesensitivityandspecificityofdifferent parametersintheidentificationofbenignIPandIP malignancytransformationwereevaluated.Results Thereweredifferencesno significantdifferenceinageandsexbetweenbenignIPgroupandIPmalignanttransformationgroup.Therewasasignificantdifference abouttheconvolutedcerebriformpatternbetweenthetwogroups(P＝0.004).Therewasnosignificantdifferenceofstagingbetween thetwogroups(P＝0.136).TheKtransvaluesofbenignIPgroupandIPmalignanttransformationgroupwere0.21±0.53 (min－1), 0.36±0.93 (min－1),andtherewasasignificantdifferencebetweenthetwogroups(P＝0.000).TheiAUCvaluesofbenignIPgroupand IP malignanttransformationgroupwere29.05±5.45,41.14±9.47,respectively,andthedifferenceofiAUCbetweentwogroupswas statisticallysignificant(P＝0.001).TherewasnosignificantdifferenceinKepandVebetweenbenignIPfromIPmalignanttransformation (P＞0.05).Conclusion BenignIPhasatypicalconvolutedcerebriG formpatternandtheabsenceofitindicatesmalignanttransformation. Thestagingoflesioncan’tdifferentiatethebenignIPfromIP malignanttransformation.DCEGMRIexaminationisworthyinthe evaluationbenignIPandIP malignanttransformation,especiallyKtransandiAUCvalues.

Study on the relationship between HIV drug resistance and CD4+T cell counts among antiretroviral therapy patients with low viral load / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To explore drug resistance of different viral loads, and investigate the relationship between drug resistance and CD4+T cell counts in patients with HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) in China from 2003 to 2015.@*Methods@#Data were extracted from the Chinese National HIVDR Surveillance database from 2003 to 2015. For this study, the data collected were as follows: having received ART for ≥12 months; 18 years or older; demographic characteristics, information of ART, CD4+T cell counts, viral load (VL) and HIV drug resistance of a total of 8 362 patients were collected. Multi-variables non-conditional logistic regression model was used to study the relationship between viral load, HIV drug resistance and CD4+T cell counts.@*Results@#Participants with age of (41.8±10.5) years were enrolled in this study. Among them, 59.9% (5 009 cases) were men. The percentage of CD4+T cell counts <200 cells/μl in the total population was 17.9% (1 496 cases), the highest was in VL ≥1 000 copies/ml with drug resistance, which was 43.0% (397/923) , followed by VL 50-999 copies/ml with drug resistance, which was 31.1% (69/222), and the lowest was in VL 50-999 copies/ml without drug resistance 13.2% (273/2 068). Compared to VL 50-999 copies/ml without drug resistance, VL<50 copies/ml, VL 50-999 with drug resistance, VL≥1 000 copies/ml without drug resistance, and VL ≥1 000 copies/ml with drug resistance, the OR (95%CI) of CD4 <200 cells/μl were 0.9 (0.7-1.0), 3.2 (2.3-4.4), 2.6 (2.1-3.2), and 4.9 (4.0-5.9), respectively. Among 222 patients with VL 50-999 and HIVDR, the most frequent antiretroviral drugs were EFV and NVP, both of which were NNRTI, and whose percentage both were 94.1% (209 cases). The most frequent mutations were M184V/I (NNRTI), and the percentage was 26.1% (58 cases). The second one was K103N (NNRTI), and the percentage was 22.5% (50 cases). The percentage of V32L/E (PI) and V82A (PI) were lower, they were 0.9% (2 cases) and 0.5% (1 case) respectively.@*Conclusion@#Decreased CD4+T cell counts were associated with HIV drug resistance at low viraemia. In the case of low viral load, the most vulnerable were the NNRTI antiviral drugs such as EFV and NVP.

CT and MR findings of the respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma in the nasal olfactory clefts / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To study the CT and MR characteristic features of the respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma of olfactory clefts. Methods (1)The CT and MRI findings of 29 patients with histologically proved respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma in the olfactory clefts were retrospectively reviewed.All patients underwent CT and 8 of them underwent MRI. Location, CT and MRI features, and associated findings of the disease were reviewed;(2)The CT findings, olfactory clefts width, total nasal distance, and the ratio of OC to the total nasal distance of the case patients (29 cases) and the control patients (33 patients with sinusitis) were compared to investigate the correlation of the olfactory clefts distance and the incidence of respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma in olfactory clefts. Results All patients were associated with sinusitis, and 23 had sinonasal polyps, 1 had papilloma. On nonenhanced CT, the OC lesions with the OC widening were isodense to gray matter in all cases, and the lesions caused the adjacent bony expansion and absorption rather than erosion; 15 cases were bilateral diseases and 14 were unilateral;The olfactory clefts width of the case patients and the control patients were (1.03±0.24) cm, (0.71± 0.17) cm, respectively. There was statistically significant difference (t=4.963, P0.05) for the total nasal distance, and was significant difference(t=6.029,P<0.01)in the ratio of OC to the total nasal distance between the two groups. On T1WI, the disease appeared isointense in 6 patients and slightly hypointense in 2 patients compared with gray matter. On T2WI, the lesions revealed heterogeneous isointense in all patients. Regular cribriform pattern was found on MR T2WI and enhanced TlWI. Conclusions The unilateral or bilateral olfactory cleft opacification in chronic sinusitis patients with or without sinonasal polyposis, with involved OC widening and the adjacent bony walls compressed and remodeled may highly suggests the presence of REAH in the OC. The lesions showed inhomogeneous isointense signal on T2WI images, regular cribriform pattern enhancement are typical imaging feature of this entity.

THE MICROBIAL RESOURCES DATABASE OF CHINA (MRDC) / 微生物学通报

MRDC is thefirst self-developing large integrated microbial resources database in the Chinese microbiological field. It includes Microbial Character Bank, Microbial Product Market Information Bank, Microbial Names Bank, Microbial Nomenclature Bank, RKC Code Bank for International exchange and one Microbiological Information Numerical Taxonomic System named MINTS.