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OBJECTIVE:To study the improvement effects of citalopram combined with huperzine A in aged depression model rats. METHODS:Aged rats were randomly divided into blank control group,model group,huperzine A group(0.3 mg/kg),citalo-pram group(5 mg/kg),and combination group(huperzine A 0.3 mg/kg+citalopram 5 mg/kg),10 in each group. Except for blank control group,rats in other groups received chronic unpredictable mild stress to reduce depression model. After modeling,rats were intragastrically administrated relevant drugs once a day,for 2 weeks. The depression,learning and memory behavior changes of rats in each group were observed by using open-field test,sucrose consumption test,tail suspension test,forced swimming test and Morris water maze test. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group,the horizontal crossing number,uprightness number,su-crose preference rate,crossing number in platform,percentages of target quadrant distance and time of rats in model group were ob-viously decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01);immobility time of tail suspension and swimming,escape latency were obviously pro-longed(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model group,the depression-related indexes of rats in citalopram group and combina-tion group were obviously improved(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and combination group had better effects;the learning and memory-re-lated indexes in combination group were obviously improved(P<0.05 or P<0.01),only crossing time in platform in huperzine A group and citalopram group were obviously increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01),and other learning and memory-related indexes had no obvious changes(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Citalopram combined with huperzine A can obviously improve the depression be-havior,learning and memory ability of aged rats with depression,showing better effects than citalopram alone.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the improvement effects of citalopram combined with huperzine A in aged depression model rats. METHODS:Aged rats were randomly divided into blank control group,model group,huperzine A group(0.3 mg/kg),citalo-pram group(5 mg/kg),and combination group(huperzine A 0.3 mg/kg+citalopram 5 mg/kg),10 in each group. Except for blank control group,rats in other groups received chronic unpredictable mild stress to reduce depression model. After modeling,rats were intragastrically administrated relevant drugs once a day,for 2 weeks. The depression,learning and memory behavior changes of rats in each group were observed by using open-field test,sucrose consumption test,tail suspension test,forced swimming test and Morris water maze test. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group,the horizontal crossing number,uprightness number,su-crose preference rate,crossing number in platform,percentages of target quadrant distance and time of rats in model group were ob-viously decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01);immobility time of tail suspension and swimming,escape latency were obviously pro-longed(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model group,the depression-related indexes of rats in citalopram group and combina-tion group were obviously improved(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and combination group had better effects;the learning and memory-re-lated indexes in combination group were obviously improved(P<0.05 or P<0.01),only crossing time in platform in huperzine A group and citalopram group were obviously increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01),and other learning and memory-related indexes had no obvious changes(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Citalopram combined with huperzine A can obviously improve the depression be-havior,learning and memory ability of aged rats with depression,showing better effects than citalopram alone.
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Objective To investigate the effect of Iscom matrix on the immunogenicity of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen containing PreS epitopes(SS1S2). Methods SS1S2+ Al(OH)3 and SS1S2+Iscom vaccines were made by combining purified SS1S2 antigen with Al( OH)3 adjuvant or Iscom matrix.Groups of BALB/c mice were injected i. m or s. c by either of the two vaccines at day 0 and day 14. Half of the mice were sacrificed and sera were taken and spleen cells separated from the mice 14 days after each injection. Anti-S, anti-PreS1, and anti-PreS2 antibody titers were measured, and total IgG1 and IgG2a titers were further detected for each serum sample. IFN-γ ELISPOT assay was performed to detect IFN-γsecreting cells from the pooled spleen cells for each vaccine group. Results The seroconversion rates and geometric mean titers(GMTs) and the numbers of IFN-γ secreting cells were approximately at the same level for the differently formulated vaccines after the first injection except that the ratio of IgG2a to IgG1 in the Iscom group was higher than the Al(OH)3 group. After boost injection, the GMTs of total IgG rise slightly in the Al(OH)3 group but significantly in the Iscom group. The IgG2a to IgG1 ratio in the Iscom group kept balanced while dropped further in the Al(OH)3 group. The number of specific IFN-γsecreting cells triggered by the Iscom vaccine exceeded significantly the number of Al( OH)3 vaccine, showinga stronger cellular response. Conclusion The results in this study shows that Iscom matrix is more potent in enhancing the immunogenicity of recombinant hepatitis B virus surface antigen containing PreS epitopes than Al( OH)3 adjuvant.
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The auditory brain stem response (ABR)and the obiectve auditory threshold in 50 normal subjects were analyzed. The results show that the latency and interval period in the normal range were96% of those in the total subjects. 15 dB differences were found between the pure-tone 500-2KHzmean auditory threshold, 3KHz auditory threshold and ABR wave V reaction threshold. If 500 -2KHz hearing status was evaluated by the wave V reaction threshold, you can reduce 10-20 dB depending on the different ages so that results could be more close to the actual hearlng threshold in thelife.