Enteroparasitoses em uma região da Amazônia ocidental / Entero-parasitosis in a region of the western Amazon

Introdução: as parasitoses intestinais são doenças que apresentam um problema de saúde mundial, causando grandes problemas nutricionais, onde sua ocorrência varia de acordo com o clima de cada região e condições socioeconômicas. Regiões que apresentam climas trópicos com umidade, altos índices de chuvas e temperaturas elevadas associadas com a falta de informações sobre as enteroparasitoses merecem atenção. Objetivo: o presente trabalho buscou avaliar os tipos de enteroparasitoses entre os anos de 2018 a 2020 em uma parcela da população de um município da Amazônia Ocidental, mais especificamente, (i) avaliar os tipos de enteroparasitoses que acometem a população entre os períodos de inundação e estiagem; (ii) avaliar a influência das enteroparasitoses em indivíduos de acordo com o gênero e a faixa etária ao longo de três anos. Metodologia: as coletas de dados foram realizadas entre os anos de 2018 a 2020, por meio de análises de planilhas concedidas pelo laboratório de análises clinicas LABSUL. Resultados: foram avaliados 4236 exames de fezes, sendo que apenas 1396 foram positivos para enteroparasitoses. Dos quais a maior parte foi causada por protozoários (58,69%) que acometeram principalmente Mulheres, jovens e crianças nos períodos de inundação. Conclusão: diante disso, os dados demonstraram que as enteroparasitoses acometem com frequência uma parcela da população local. Além de trazer informações que podem reforçar a necessidade da implementação do sistema de saneamento básico, juntamente com campanhas de conscientização populacional a respeito das vias de contaminação e da forma de propagação dessas infecções.

Introduction: intestinal parasites are diseases that present a worldwide health problem, causing major nutritional problems, where their occurrence varies according to the climate of each region and socioeconomic conditions. Regions that have tropical climates with humidity, high levels of rainfall and high temperatures associated with a lack of information on entero-parasitosis deserve attention. Objective: the present work sought to evaluate the types of intestinal parasites between the years 2018 to 2020 in a portion of the population of a municipality in the Western Amazon, more specifically, (i) to evaluate the types of entero-parasitosis that affect the population between periods of flooding and drought; (ii) to evaluate the influence of entero-parasitosis in individuals according to gender and age group over three years. Methodology: data collection was carried out between the years 2018 to 2020, through analysis of spreadsheets provided by the clinical analysis laboratory LABSUL. Results: 4236 stool exams were evaluated, of which only 1396 were positive for entero-parasitosis. Most of which were caused by protozoa (58.69%) that mainly affected women, young people and children during flood periods. Conclusion: in view of this, the data showed that intestinal parasites frequently affect a portion of the local population. In addition to bringing information that can reinforce the need to implement the basic sanitation system, together with population awareness campaigns regarding the routes of contamination and the way in which these infections spread.

Colgajo perforante de la arteria circunfleja ilíaca superficial para la cobertura de defectos en los miembros / Superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap for the coverage of limb defects

El colgajo perforante de la arteria circunfleja ilíaca superficial se utiliza para la reconstrucción de los miembros, sobre todo, en el dorso de las manos y los pies, en la zona de flexión articular y en cirugía maxilofacial, porque es un colgajo fino, flexible y versátil. Presentamos tres pacientes: dos casos pediátricos para la reconstrucción de secuelas traumáticas de la mano y el dorso del pie, y un adulto para la reconstrucción de una quemadura del dorso de la mano. Conclusiones: El colgajo perforante de la arteria circunfleja ilíaca superficial es ideal para el dorso de la mano, el pie y los pliegues articulares. Pese a las variaciones anatómicas en el nacimiento de la arteria circunfleja ilíaca superficial, el dominio de las técnicas microquirúrgicas y de la supermicrocirugía permite tomar, con seguridad, un colgajo de dimensiones moderadas o grandes, fino, con baja morbilidad en la zona dadora. Nivel de Evidencia: V

The superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) flap is a thin, pliable, and versatile flap used mainly for extremities and head and neck reconstruction. We presented 3 cases of SCIP flap reconstructions. Two pediatric cases for the reconstruction of traumatic sequelae of the hand and dorsal foot. One adult case for the reconstruction of a severe burn of the dorsal hand. Conclusion: The SCIP flap is ideal for the reconstruction of the dorsal aspect of the hand, foot, and flexion crease. Despite the anatomical variations in the origin of the superficial circumflex iliac artery, the use of microsurgical techniques and super-microsurgery allows safe harvesting of a thin flap of moderate to large dimensions, with low morbidity in the donor area. Level of Evidence: V

Comparative analysis between patients undergoing Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastroplasty in a private hospital in Sao Luis-MA

Abstract Purpose: To compare the satisfaction levels about the surgery and anesthesia management, and to analyze the postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastroplasty surgeries in a private hospital in Sao Luís-MA. Methods: The sample consisted of patients undergoing Bypass and Sleeve bariatric surgeries from August 2018 to August 2019, who were in the range of 18 and 70 years old and had not used drugs or presented cardiac arrhythmias, dilated cardiomyopathy, and conduction disorder heart. Data were collected from the evaluation forms and recorded in a form with closed questions. Results: Most patients were female (Bypass - 56% and Sleeve - 67.4%) and aged between 30 and 39 years old (Bypass - 32% and Sleeve - 55.8%). Information (Bypass - 92% and Sleeve - 86.1%) was the highest satisfaction index found. Sleepiness in the immediate postoperative period (Bypass - 92% and Sleeve - 93%) was the main side effect. There were no postoperative complications in patients between the two types of surgery. Conclusions: Patients submitted to Bypass and Sleeve were completely satisfied with the perioperative management. There was no statistically significant difference when comparing adverse effects between the techniques.

Colgajo comisural palmar: su utilidad en el abordaje de la enfermedad de Dupuytren con compromiso de dedos contiguos / Commissural palmar flap: use in Dupuytren`s disease involving adjacent fingers

Introducción: El diseño de las incisiones en la enfermedad de Dupuytren es probablemente el detalle técnico más importante en el tratamiento quirúrgico. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una valoración retrospectiva de la utilidad del colgajo comisural palmar en el abordaje de la enfermedad de Dupuytren con compromiso de dedos contiguos. Materiales y Métodos: Entre abril de 2009 y diciembre de 2012, los autores operaron a 32 pacientes con enfermedad de Dupuytren. Se incluyeron 12 pacientes con compromiso de, al menos, 2 dedos contiguos y el diseño de un colgajo comisural palmar. Se evaluaron entre los días 3-5, 15-21, 45-60 y a los 6 meses posoperatorios. Al final del seguimiento, se constataron las recidivas, la satisfacción y el puntaje Quick DASH. Resultados: Se realizaron 13 colgajos comisurales palmares en 12 pacientes, 6 manos derechas y 6 izquierdas. Los rayos contiguos afectados fueron el 4.° y 5.° dedos (8 casos), el 3.°, 4.° y 5.° dedos (3 casos), y el 3.° y 4.° dedos (un caso). La distancia promedio del colgajo comisural palmar comisura-vértice fue de 2,23 cm (rango 1,2-4,3) y la transversal, de 2,42 cm (rango 1,6-3,8). Siempre se pudo realizar la resección de las cuerdas patológicas y la fasciectomía parcial sin complicaciones intraoperatorias. Hubo una necrosis distal parcial, tratada con técnica de palma abierta. Conclusiones: El colgajo comisural palmar es de fácil disección y seguro a causa de su múltiple vascularización, permite una correcta visualización de las estructuras vasculonerviosas digitales y las bandas patológicas, útil en afección de dedos contiguos.

Background: In Dupuytren's contracture deciding the type of surgical incision is extremely important, and several options were described. The aim of this study is to evaluate retrospectively the usefulness of palmar commissural flap in Dupuytren's disease with adjacent fingers involvement. Methods: Between April 2009 and December 2012, 32 patients with Dupuytren's disease were operated on by the authors. Twelve patients with at least 2 adjacent fingers involvement and the design of a palmar commissural flap. The flaps were evaluated at days 3-5, 15-21, 45-60, and 6 months post-surgery. At the end of the follow-up, recurrence, satisfaction and Quick Dash score were evaluated. Results: Thirteen palmar commissural flaps were performed in 12 patients (6 right hands and 6 left hands). The affected adjacent rays were the 4th and 5th fingers (8 cases); the 3rd, 4th and 5th fingers (3 cases), and the 3rd and 4th fingers (one case). Average distances of the palmar commissural flap, commissure-vertex was 2.23 cm (range 1.2-4.3), and that of the transverse 2.42 cm (range 1.6 to 3.8). In all cases it was performed according to preoperative planning resection of pathological cords and partial fasciectomy. One case presented distal necrosis, which was treated with open palm technique. Conclusions: The palmar commissural flap can identify both the digital pedicle as pathological structures. Its vascularization makes it a safe and easy flap dissection.

Prótesis de cúpula monopolar en el tratamiento de fracturas y luxofracturas del radio / Monopolar radial head arthroplasty in the treatment of fracture and fracture-dislocation of the radius

Objetivo: Evaluar retrospectivamente los resultados clínicos y radiológicos de una serie consecutiva de pacientes con fracturas y luxofracturas de la cúpula radial a quienes se les realizó el reemplazo por una prótesis monopolar. Materiales y Métodos: Se incluyeron 20 pacientes. Criterios de inclusión: <18 años, con fracturas o luxofracturas de la cúpula radial, tratados con prótesis monoblock de titanio y seguimiento mínimo de un año. Quince eran mujeres, edad promedio 59 años. Siete eran fracturas aisladas y 13, luxofracturas. Se evaluaron el grado de aflojamiento protésico, la erosión capitelar, el ensanchamiento del espacio articular humeral lateral y las calcificaciones heterotópicas. El seguimiento fue de 26 meses. Resultados: La flexo-extensión fue de 139º-5º y la pronosupinación, de 79-79°. El arco total fue de 134°. Fuerza de puño: 84% del lado contralateral. El dolor según la escala analógica visual fue de 2, DASH: 11 puntos, 13 resultados excelentes y 6 buenos. Se detectó aflojamiento del implante (12 casos), aumento de la radiolucidez capitelar (4 casos) y ensanchamiento del espacio ulnohumeral lateral (2 casos). Hubo 2 complicaciones: una neurodocitis cubital que debió ser operada y una extracción de implante por aflojamiento y dolor. Conclusiones: El reemplazo de la cúpula radial en lesiones no reconstruibles es una opción terapéutica viable, con buenos resultados funcionales a corto y mediano plazo. La recuperación de la estabilidad articular fue posible en todos los casos y el índice de aflojamiento protésico asintomático fue elevado.

Objective: To retrospectively evaluate the clinical and radiological results of a consecutive series of patients with fracture and fracture-dislocations of the radius, treated with a monopolar radial head arthroplasty. Methods: Twenty patients were included. Inclusion criteria: <18 years old, with fracture and fracture-dislocations of the radius, treated with a titanium monopolar radial head arthroplasty and a minimun follow-up of one year. Fifteen were female, average age of 59 years old. Seven were isolated radial head fractures and 13 were fracturedislocations. Loosening of the implant, capitelar erosion, overstuffing and heterotopic ossification were evaluated. Average follow-up was 26 months. Results: Flexo-extension was 139°-5° and prono-supination 79°-79°. Total arc of motion was 134°. Grip strength was 84% of the contralateral side. Pain according to a visual analogue scale was 2, DASH: 11 points. Thirteen patients had excellent results and 6 good. Loosening of the implant (12 patients), capitelar erosion (4 patients) and overstuffing (2 patients) were detected. One patient had an ulnar neuropathy and he was operated on and one patient required implant removal due to loosening and pain. Conclusions: The replacement of the radial head in a non-reconstructable fracture is a feasible treatment option, with good functional results in a short and medium term. Joint stability was restored in all cases and the index of asymptomatic implant loosening was elevated.

Protocolo de tratamiento para la tríada terrible del codo / Treatment protocol for the terrible triad of the elbow

Introducción: La asociación de la luxación del codo con la fractura de la cúpula radial y de la apófisis coronoides se denomina la tríada terrible del codo debido a las dificultades en su tratamiento y a sus pobres resultados. Objetivos: Evaluar los resultados de los pacientes con la tríada terrible del codo y describir el protocolo de tratamiento. Materiales y métodos: Se incluyeron 15 pacientes (12 eran mujeres) en los que se había tratado quirúrgicamente la coronoides, la cúpula radial y el ligamento lateral. Edad promedio: 57 años. El protocolo de tratamiento consistió en: restaurar la estabilidad de la coronoides, la cúpula radial y el ligamento lateral; reparar el ligamento medial en caso de inestabilidad residual; inmovilizar durante 2 semanas. El dolor se evaluó según la EVA, y los resultados funcionales, según el DASH y el puntaje de la Clínica Mayo. El seguimiento fue de 34 meses. Resultados: La flexión-extensión fue de 139°-11º (arco total 128°). El dolor fue de 2, el DASH de 12. Siete resultados fueron excelentes y 8 buenos. Complicaciones: una seudoartrosis de la cúpula, una neurodocitis cubital, una rigidez y una inestabilidad en valgo. Conclusiones: La aplicación de un correcto protocolo de tratamiento puede favorecer los resultados. Las complicaciones son esperables.