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1.
Rev. bras. psiquiatr ; 41(1): 9-14, Jan.-Mar. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-985360

RESUMO

Objective: Cannabidiol (CBD), one of the non-psychotomimetic compounds of Cannabis sativa, causes anxiolytic-like effects in animals, with typical bell-shaped dose-response curves. No study, however, has investigated whether increasing doses of this drug would also cause similar curves in humans. The objective of this study was to compare the acute effects of different doses of CBD and placebo in healthy volunteers performing a simulated public speaking test (SPST), a well-tested anxiety-inducing method. Method: A total of 57 healthy male subjects were allocated to receive oral CBD at doses of 150 mg (n=15), 300 mg (n=15), 600 mg (n=12) or placebo (n=15) in a double-blind procedure. During the SPST, subjective ratings on the Visual Analogue Mood Scale (VAMS) and physiological measures (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate) were obtained at six different time points. Results: Compared to placebo, pretreatment with 300 mg of CBD significantly reduced anxiety during the speech. No significant differences in VAMS scores were observed between groups receiving CBD 150 mg, 600 mg and placebo. Conclusion: Our findings confirm the anxiolytic-like properties of CBD and are consonant with results of animal studies describing bell-shaped dose-response curves. Optimal therapeutic doses of CBD should be rigorously determined so that research findings can be adequately translated into clinical practice.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Ansiedade/tratamento farmacológico , Fala/efeitos dos fármacos , Ansiolíticos/administração & dosagem , Canabidiol/administração & dosagem , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Método Duplo-Cego , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga
2.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(6): 677-681, Sept. 2006. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-437064

RESUMO

The prevalence of infection and associated pathology induced by two helminth and one protozoan species infecting Brazilian turkeys are reported. The intestinal nematode Heterakis gallinarum appeared with a prevalence of 70 percent in the infected birds, without gross lesions when not associated to the protozoan Histomonas meleagridis. Histological findings in the ceca were represented by the presence of H. gallinarum worms, intense chronic diffuse inflammatory processes with mononuclear and polymorphonuclear (heterophils) leucocyte infiltrations. The prevalence of the protozoan H. meleagridis associated to H. gallinarum was of 2.5 percent and microscopic examination revealed a severe inflammatory process in the liver and cecum with the presence of small clear areas with round eosinophilic parasites. Gross lesions were absent in turkeys infected with the renal digenetic trematode Paratanaisia bragai; the parasite was prevalent in 20 percent of the cases and cross-sections of the kidneys showed a remarkable distension of the collecting ducts with several worms in the lumen. The walls of the ducts presented a discrete heterophilic infiltrate among mononuclear cells.


Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Infecções por Nematoides/veterinária , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/epidemiologia , Infecções por Trematódeos/veterinária , Perus/parasitologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Infecções por Nematoides/epidemiologia , Infecções por Nematoides/patologia , Prevalência , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/patologia , Infecções por Trematódeos/epidemiologia , Infecções por Trematódeos/patologia
3.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 95(3): 301-4, May-Jun. 2000. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-258183

RESUMO

A new genus, Oswaldotrema gen. nov. is proposed. Oswaldotrema nacinovici sp. nov. is descibed from Numenius phaeopus Latham, 1790. Differentiation from the other related genera, namely Philophthalmus, Pygorchis, Proctobium, Parorchis, Echinostephila, Cloacitrema, Pittacium, Ophthalmotrema, Skrjabinovermis and Paratrema, was based on morphological characters, mainly on those referring to the body surface, body shape, head, esophagus, pharynx, acetabulum, vitellaria, vitelline reservoir and seminal vesicle.


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Aves/parasitologia , Trematódeos/anatomia & histologia , Trematódeos/classificação
4.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 94(6): 751-5, Nov.-Dec. 1999.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-251334

RESUMO

The present paper reports acuarioid nematodes recovered from avian hosts. A new species of the genus Schistorophus Railliet, 1916 is proposed based mainly on findings referring to ptilina, spicules and vagina. Ancyracanthopsis coronata (Molin, 1860) Chabaud & Petter, 1959 is referred again in Brazil since its proposition in 1860, from specimens recovered from a Brazilian bird. A revised key to the species of the genus Schistorophus is also presented


Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Nematoides/classificação , Infecções por Nematoides/veterinária , Brasil , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Nematoides/anatomia & histologia , Nematoides/fisiologia
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