Aumento na prevalência de diabete melito como causa de insuficiência renal crônica dialítica: análise de 20 anos na região Oeste do Paraná / Increase in prevalence of diabetes mellitus as a cause of dialytic end-stage renal disease: analysis of 20 years in the west region of Paraná

A nefropatia diabética (ND) é a principal causa de insuficiência renal crônica terminal (IRCT) nos países desenvolvidos. OBJETIVOS: Observar se ocorreu aumento da prevalência de diabete melito (DM) como causa de IRCT nos últimos 20 anos e comparar a sobrevida em diálise dos diabéticos e não diabéticos. MÉTODOS: Análise retrospectiva dos pacientes mantidos em diálise na região Oeste do Paraná no período de 1985 a 2005. A estimativa de sobrevida foi realizada pela Curva de Sobrevida de Kaplan-Meier. RESULTADOS: Durante este período, foram admitidos em diálise 645 pacientes. Em 16,1 por cento deles o DM foi a causa da IRCT. Observou-se aumento na prevalência de DM como causa de IRCT. A sobrevida dos pacientes em diálise foi inferior nos diabéticos. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de DM como causa de IRCT aumentou progressivamente nos últimos 20 anos em nossa região. A sobrevida de pacientes diabéticos em diálise foi menor que a dos não-diabéticos.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in developed countries. OBJECTIVE: To observe if there was an increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) of CKD in the last 20 years and to analyze comparatively the survival on dialysis of diabetic and non-diabetic patients. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of patients kept on dialysis in the west region of Paraná State in the period between 1985­2005. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier Curves. RESULTS: In the period, 645 patients were admitted to dialysis. In 16.1 percent DM was the cause of the CKD. It was observed a progressive increase in the prevalence of DM as a cause of CKD. Patient survival was lower in diabetics. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of DM as a cause of CKD increased in the last 20 years in our region. The survival rates were lower in diabetic than in non-diabetic patients.

Renal liposarcoma

INTRODUCTION: Liposarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor frequently located in retroperitoneum, and rarely presenting an isolated lesion in kidney. CASE REPORT: Female, Caucasian, 49-year old patient, with family history of renal polycystic disease, was selected for organ donation. During preoperative examinations a renal pleomorphic liposarcoma was detected. She was treated with radical nephrectomy and remains asymptomatic, without evidences of recurrence in control ecographic examinations after a 4-year follow-up. COMMENTS: Renal liposarcoma is a rare tumor. We report one case incidentally diagnosed during a routine pre-transplantation assessment in renal donor.

Metabolic investigation of patients with urolithiasis in a specific region

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of the main metabolic alterations found in patients with recent diagnosis of urolithiasis in the West region of Paraná state, Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We made a retrospective study on 425 patients with evidence of recent formation of renal stones. Laboratory assessment consisted in 3 samples of 24-hour urine with dosing of calcium, uric acid, citrate, oxalate, sodium and creatinine. A urine culture was also made and qualitative cystinuria and urinary pH following 12-hour fasting and water restriction were evaluated. RESULTS: In 96.5 percent of patients a cause was detected for the urolithiasis. Metabolic alterations most frequently found were: hypercalciuria (38.3 percent), hypocitraturia (29.6 percent) and hyperexcretion of uric acid (21.6 percent). Low urinary volume (17.9 percent), urinary tract infection (12.9 percent), hyperparathyroidism (3.3 percent), renal tubular acidosis (1.2 percent), cystinuria (0.9 percent) and anatomical alterations (12.7 percent) were also observed. CONCLUSIONS: Hypercalciuria, hypocitraturia and hyperuricuria are the most frequent metabolic disorders in the population under study and these data are in accordance to the literature.