comprehensive look at irritable bowel syndrome and its associated factors considering the rome IV criteria: a penalized smoothly clipped absolute deviation regression approach in the pars cohort study

Background:After the introduction of the Rome IV criteria for the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome [IBS], studies on the clinical significance of the new criteria in the settings of a large study has been scarce

Objective: Herein we used the infrastructures provided by one the largest cohort studies in Iran to evaluate the epidemiological features related to IBS

Methods:A total of 9264 participants, were enrolled in the initial registry. Diagnosis of IBS was done using the Rome IV criteria. Individuals with IBS were compared with a control group. Since the study included a large sample size of patients, we used the penalized smoothly clipped absolute deviation [SCAD] regression analysis to construct a model for the evaluation of factors associated with IBS

Results:Overall, data of 9163 participants entered the final analysis. In total, 1067 [11.6%] individuals were diagnosed with IBS, among which 57 [5.3%] were diarrhea dominant [IBS-D], 380 [35.6%] were constipation dominant [IBS-C], and 630 [59%] did not mention having any of the two [IBS-U]. In the regression model, back pain/arthralgia [OR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.65 - 2.40], insomnia [OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.40 - 1.93], depression [OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.38 - 1.95], female sex [OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.27 - 1.96], anxiety [OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.21 - 1.69], and being married [OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.03 - 1.48], were associated with higher rates of IBS. We found that IBS prevalence displays a peak at the age of 41 years for both men and women

Conclusion:The present study provides a background for follow-up studies to be conducted in order to evaluate causality between IBS and some major diseases such as liver disease. We also found that opium use, although not statistically significant, in addition to sex, education, back/joint pain, depression, insomnia, anxiety, and marital status might be a contributing factor in IBS

Comparison of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels between mothers with small for gestational age and appropriate for gestational age newborns in Kerman

Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is associated with some adverse pregnancy outcomes but its relationship with fetal growth is unknown. We compared the 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels between mothers and their small for gestational age [SGA] newborns with mothers and their appropriate for gestational age [AGA] newborns. The study population included pregnant women that referred to Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman from 2012 to 2013. The case and control group consisted of 40 pregnant mothers with SGA and AGA newborns, respectively. The maternal and infants 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were measured in the two groups. 25-hydroxy vitamin D deficiency [<20 ng/ml] was statistically higher in women with SGA newborns in comparison to women with AGA newborns [p=0.003].Vitamin D deficiency was higher among the SGA newborns in comparison to AGA newborns [25% vs. 17.5%], although this finding was not statistically meaningful [p=0.379]. The relationship of vitamin D deficiency levels between mothers and infants in both the SGA group and the AGA group was significant. Our study reveals a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in women with SGA infants in comparison to women with AGA children. In addition, maternal vitamin D deficiency is associated with its deficiency in newborns

The efficacy of a first aid training course for drivers: an experience from northern Iran / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy of a first aid training course for a group of drivers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study comprised 500 drivers, randomly selected from the road transport companies. They underwent a course of first aid training and the results were evaluated at 0-3 and 4-6 months after training.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both quantitative and qualitative improvements were observed in the drivers'efficacy in giving first aid. Also the rate of correct interventions was higher at 4-6 months than at 0-3 months. The exception was airway management which was not favorably improved after training.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The first aid training course for drivers is beneficial and helpful for prehospital care system in road traffic accidents.</p>

Covering less than 15% of total body surface area; a non- randomized clinical trial

Objective: To compare outcome of patients with burns covering less than 15% of total body surface area[TBSA] undergoing early excision and grafting or delayed skin grafting

Method: This was a non-randomized clinical trial including 54 patients with less than 15% TBSA burn referring to Ghotboddin Hospital of Shiraz. They were assigned to two study groups, each group including 27 patients: the early excision and grafting group [EEG group] and the delayed grafting group [DG group]. Patients were followed postoperatively for 6 months. Hospital stay, graft success rate, itching score and scar formation during 6 months of follow-up were recorded and compared between two study groups

Results: During the study 1 patient was lost to follow-up in early excision and grafting group. Baseline characteristics were comparable between two study groups. The graft success rate was significantly higher in those patients who underwent early excision and grafting when compared to delayed grafting group [96.88% vs. 92.88%; p=0.033]. However the length of hospital stay, itching and scar scores were comparable between two study groups after 6 months of follow-up

Conclusion: In patients with burns covering less than 15% TBSA, early excision and grafting is associated with higher graft success rates compared to the delayed excision and grafting. How ever length of hospital stay, itching and scar formation is comparable between the two techniques