Relationship between serum cystatin-C levels and vibrating perception threshold in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the relationship between serum cystatin-C (Cys-c) levels and vibrating perception threshold (VPT) in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
@*METHODS@#According to the symptoms, signs and results of lab examination, a total of 352 patients with T2DM were divided into a diabetic peripheral neuropathy group (DPN group, n=107) and a non-diabetic peripheral neuropathy group (NDPN group, n=245). Serum Cys-c levels were measured by radioimmunoassay method. The relationship between serum Cys-c levels and VPT, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), glucose and blood pressure and other parameters were also analyzed by correlation and multiple regression analysis. All T2DM patients were divided into a high Cys-c levels group (n=89) and a low Cys-c levels group (n=263) according to the upper quartile of Cys-c, and the incidence of DPN and VPT levels in each group were compared. Risk factors of DPN in T2DM patients were analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify the optimal cutoff of serum Cys-c levels for predicting DPN in patients with T2DM.
@*RESULTS@#Serum Cys-c levels were significantly higher in the DPN group than that in the NDPN group [(1.04±0.43) vs (0.80±0.25) mg/L, P0.996 mg/L, the predicts have high risk of DPN in T2DM patients, which might be related to diabetic nephropathy, oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction induced by advanced age, hyperglycemia and hypertension.

Effects of liraglutide on the expression of genes related to cholesterol metabolism in ApoE-/-mice with hypoadiponectinemia / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of liraglutide on gene expression related to cholesterol metabolism in ApoE-/-mice with adiponectin deficiency. Methods Thirty six ApoE-/-mice fed with the high-fat diet were subdivided into four groups. One group was given 100 μl(1×109PFU) of adenoviral pAd-U6-GFP(GFP group, n=6). The second group received 100 μl of adenoviral pAd-U6-Acrp30(ADI group, n=10). The third group was given 100 μl of adenoviral pAd-U6-Acrp30 and liraglutide(HEA group, n=10) and the fourth group was given only 100 μl sterile saline(HF group, n=10). Insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism were assessed by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique using 3-[3H] glucose as a tracer. Plasma adiponectin level was evaluated using a commercially available ELISA kit. The mRNA expressions of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism were measured by quantitative realtime PCR. Results Fasting blood glucose(FBG), free fatty acids(FFA), total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, adiponectin, and fasting plasma insulin(FINS) in ADI mice were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P＜0.01), while high density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower(P＜0.05). During the clamp, glucose infusion rate(GIR) in ADI group was significantly lower than the other groups(P＜0.01), and hepatic glucose production(HGP) significantly higher in ADI group(P＜0.01). The mRNA expressions of INSIG2 and LDLR in ADI group were significantly down-regulated in HEA group(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05), while HMGCR and SREBP-2 were significantly up-regulated in HEA group(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). Conclusions Liraglutide regulates a number of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism and ameliorates hypercholesterolemia by elevating plasma adiponectin level.