RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of Malnutrition Inflammation Complex Syndrome [MICS] in patients with End Stage kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis patients presenting to tertiary care Hospital in Karachi
DESIGN: A cross sectional study
SETTINGS: Department of Nephrology Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi
METHODS: Total of 62 patients was included through non-probability purposive sampling
All patients diagnosed with End stage kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis [twice week for >3months] were included and patients with acute kidney injury, chronic infections and chronic liver disease were excluded. Malnutrition inflammation score [MIS] was used to determine malnutrition inflammation complex syndrome [MICS]. Mean and standard deviation were calculated for continuous variables, and percentages or proportions for categorical variables
Chi square test was used to determine the proportion of MICS in Maintenance Hemodialysis patients
RESULTS: Mean age was 46 years +/-12.59 SD [range 18-72 years]. 34 [55%] were females and 28 [45%] males. 26 [42%] patients had duration of Maintenance Hemodialysis<1 years and 28[45%] between 1-4 years. Frequency of malnutrition complex syndrome [MICS] in patients with end stage renal failure was noted in 60 [97%] patients, out of these 31[50%] patients had mild MICS and 29 [47%] patients moderate MICS. Mild and Moderate malnutrition complex syndrome [MICS] was more observed in age group of 31-40years [12% in mild and 14% in moderate [MCIS].Moderate MICS was higher in females and mild MICS was higher in male patients
CONCLUSION: Our study concluded that most [97%] of our patients with end stage kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis has evidence of malnutrition inflammation complex syndrome
RESUMO
Objective: To determine the frequency of cutaneous changes in patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis
Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Nephrology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi from 1[st] August 2009 to 31[st] January 2010. A total of 100 patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis were included. After taking demographic data, cutaneous changes were noted. Mean and standard deviation were computed for quantitative variables [age] and frequency and percentage were computed for categorical variable [sex, cutaneous changes]
Results: Mean age was 52.58+/-13.84 years and out of 100 patients 56% were males. At least one skin change was noted in 91%. Among type of manifestations, xerosis was noted in 96%, generalized xerosis 70%, alopecia 70%, half-and-half nails 36%, scaling 20% and ichthyosis 10%. Pruritus was found in 64%, out of these 93% had mild to moderate intensity and 7% had severe intensity of pruritus
Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease is associated with a complex array of cutaneous manifestations caused either by the disease or by treatment. Xerosis and pruritus were most common among patients with CKD, so early recognition of cutaneous signs can relieve suffering and decrease morbidity