Evaluation of angiogenesis as a prognostic marker in prostatic neoplasm especially carcinoma of prostate

Background: Prostatic carcinoma shows an unusually wide range of biological potential with well-known disparity between incidence and mortality for disease. Clinico-pathological studies suggests that angiogenesis and tumor neovascularity contributes to pathogenesis of prostate cancer. The aim of this study to present study was done to assess the validity of angiogenesis as a suitable prognostic marker in various prostatic disease specially the neoplasm’s including the malignant ones. Settings and design are Retrospective study.Methods: The present study of evaluation of angiogenesis as a prognostic marker in prostatic neoplasm especially carcinoma of prostate was done with 40 biopsy sample. The biopsy sample were obtained by suprapubic prostatectomy specimen and trans rectal needle biopsy specimen. Tissue sections were subjected to routine H and E staining. For demonstration of angiogenesis staining for reticulin fibers was applied.Results: The microvessels density  increases as the severity of lesion increases from benign to pre-neoplastic to frankly malignant. The micro vessel density in malignant lesions is approximately thrice that in benign lesions. Conclusions: Very few studies have been done in prostatic lesions Hence an attempt is made to demonstrate and correlate angiogenesis as a tumour marker.

A preliminary evaluation of comparative effectiveness of riluzole in therapeutic regimen for irritable bowel syndrome

Objective: To develop agents that are specifically effective in controlling the key disturbance of visceral hyperalgesia besides abating of associated multiple symptoms, and evaluate comparative effectiveness for IBS symptom relief for standard regimen (antispasmodic and probiotic) and add-on amitriptyine or riluzole regimens following two weeks administration.Methods:groups were studied. First group received standard treatment (mebeverine 200 mg twice daily and probiotic 200 mg twice daily). Second group received add-on amitriptyline 25 mg before bedtime, while the third group got add-on riluzole 50 mg twice daily. Overall gastrointestinal symptom rating scale improving symptoms and hospital anxiety depression scale improving associated psychological morbidity were employed as measures at induction and at two-week follow-up period. Individual symptom scores were also examined to define the outcome profiles.Results:108 patients with visceral hypersensitivity accompanying IBS, divided into three rating scale score, not the other two regimens. Pain relief was seen with both riluzole and amitriptyline regimens significantly superior to standard treatment regimen, but riluzole effect appeared specific and independent anxiolytic effect. Amitriptyline caused relief in diarrhea and did not benefit in constipation point to non-specific remedial role in IBS. Riluzole regimen resulted in significant reduction of overall gastrointestinal symptom Conclusions: Riluzole specifically relieves visceral hypersensitivity and is proved to be superior to current treatments in IBS patients. It appears a lead remedy based on glutamate transporter mechanisms in visceral hypersensititvity.

Conservation of wild animals by assisted reproduction and molecular marker technology.

Wild animals are an integral component of the ecosystem. Their decimation due to abrupt natural calamities or due to gradual human intervention would be disastrous to the ecosystem and would alter the balance in nature between various biotic components. Such an imbalance could have an adverse effect on the ecosystem. Therefore, there is an urgent need to put an end to the ever increasing list of endangered species by undertaking both in situ and ex situ conservation using tools of modern biology, to ascertain the degree of genetic variation and reproductive competence in these animals. This review highlights the development and use of molecular markers such as microsatellites, minisatellites, mitochondrial control region, cytochrome b and MHC loci to assess the genetic variation in various Indian wild animals such as the lion, tiger, leopard and deer. The review also presents data on the semen profile of the big cats of India. Reproductive technologies such as cryopreservation of semen and artificial insemination in big cats are also highlighted.