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The present investigation was layout out in Completely Randomized design (CRD) to assess the impact of biofertilizers on China aster with total of nine treatments and each treatment replicated thrice. The treatments consist of different combinations of bio-inoculants (Azospirillum, PSB, VAM and KSB). The results revealed that the treatment T8 (75%RDF+Azospirillum+PSB) was found significantly higher compared to other treatment combination, which recorded highest plant height (27.28 cm), Number of leaves (27.44), plant spread (15.28 cm2), Days to bud emergence (47.11 days), days of first bud break (54.67 days), opening first flower (62.33 days),number of flowers per plant(14.12), stalk length (13.00 cm), flower dimeter (4.92cm),Vase life (12.22 days), Leaf area (14.11 cm2).The economics viz. Gross return (Rs. 16,800), Net return (Rs. 8928) and Benefit cost ratio (2.13) was found highest in the same treatment.
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The field experiment entitled “Varietal evaluation of Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora T.) under open field condition in Prayagraj” was carried out during September 2022 to January 2023, in Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agriculture Institute, SHUATS. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The experiment comprised of fifteen varieties of chrysanthemum viz. Kanadee, Flood, Winter Queen, Basanti, White Bonsai, Local Yellow, Ravi Kiran, Button Type, Rani, UBC 12, Wall Street, Bidhan Rajat, Bidhan Antara, British gold and Vijay. It is clear from the experimental analysis that all characters were significantly affected by different varietal treatments. From the experimental findings, it was found that maximum height was found in the variety Bidhan Antara (40.79 cm),plant spread (30.55 cm), primary branches (6), whereas earliness in flowering was found in the variety Bidhan Rajat, flower yield per plant (176.76 g) was found maximum in the variety Bidhan Rajat, average flower weight was recorded more in the variety Rani (7.19 g),duration of flowering (71.2 days) and benefit-cost ratio(4.32:1) was found maximum in the variety Bidhan Rajat.
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The present investigation entitled “Effect of bio-stimulants and their application methods on growth, flowering, yield and vase life of Asiatic lilium cv. Fangio” was carried out during November, 2022 to March, 2023 in, Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS. The experiment was conducted in Completely Randomized Design with ten treatment combinations, with application of three Biostimulants like Humicil, Hydropro gold and Biovita at different levels, which was replicated thrice. It was concluded that the application of biostimulants rendered their significant effect on almost all the growth, flowering yield and vase life characters as well as quality of lilium. The treatment T3 i.e., application of Biovita (Foliar method) found superior in terms of Plant height(70.84 cm), Stem girth (0.80 cm) Number of leaves(87.47),Leaf area (13.63 cm2), Bud diameter (2.56 cm), Flower diameter (14.68 cm), Fresh weight of stem (34.73 g), Vase life (12.60 days), Diameter of bulb (5.21 cm), Weight of bulb per plant (64.75 g) Number of flowers per plant (4.91), Number of flowers per 200 m2 (10924.83), Weight of bulbs per plant (0.071 kg), and Weight of bulbs per 200m2 (157.02 kg).
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Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) is a popular warm-season vegetable that may be grown commercially from seeds. It has a high water and nutrient content, as well as protein, fat, carbs, minerals, and vitamins. Ridge gourd blooms are hermaphrodite, andromonoecious, and gynoecious. The gelatinous chemical Luffein is found in the genus Luffa, which is derived from the word 'loofah', which is utilised in bathing sponges, scrubbing pads, doormats, and pillows. Therefore, the present investigation was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh during the Kharif season 2022-2023 to check performance of different genotypes of ridge gourd under Prayagraj agro climatic conditions. The experiment was laid in Randomized block design with 9 genotypes and 3 replications. Genotypes were comprised of H1 (AVT-II 2019/RIGHYB-1), H2 (AVT-II 2019/RIGHYB-2), H3 (AVT-II 2019/RIGHYB-3), H4 (AVT-II 2019/RIGHYB-4), H5 (AVT-II 2019/RIGHYB-5), H6 (AVT-II 2019/RIGHYB-6), H7 (AVT-II 2019/RIGHYB-7), H8 (GREEN INDIA-8) and H9 (JAIPURI LONG-9). From the experimental finding it was concluded that the genotype AVT-II 2019/RIGHYB-7 performed best in terms of growth parameters like vine length (269.93 cm), earliness in maturity (59.33 days for first fruit picking) and yield parameters like fruit length (25.23 cm), fruit girth (6.56 cm), and fruit yield per plot (1422.21 g/plot). AVT-II 2019/RIGHYB-7 showed best performance for quality parameters also TSS (4.23°Brix) and Vitamin C content (2.05 mg/100g).
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Water served as the control in nine treatments that included various TA41 properties. After the transplant, 30 and 45 days later, the therapy is administered. The plot size was kept at 2m x 1.5m, and each treatment was reproduced three times in a randomized block design. The best results were achieved with the treatment T6 (foliar spray 40ml/L plus soil drenching of TA41 @ 20ml/L). The maximum plant height (354 cm), number of primary branches (14.66 cm), number of leaves per plant (216 cm), days until first flowering (25), days until first fruit picking (53), number of fruits per plant (38), fruit yield per plant (2.1 kg), average fresh weight of fruit (82.66), yield per hectare (22.75 t/ha), TSS (4.2 Brix), and ascorbic acid per (100.66 mg/100g) are all included in the analysis. The gross return (Rs 341250/ha), net profit (Rs 251021/ha), and B:C ratio (3.78) were all significantly higher than those recorded under.
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The lab experiment was conducted in the year 2021-2022 at Post Harvest Lab, Department of Horticulture, Nani Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh to analyse the physico-chemical properties and shelf life of the puree during storage at refrigerated condition and overall acceptability with different treatment combinations of preservatives. The Experiment was laid out in Completely randomized design (CRD) with 9 treatments.
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The Department of Horticulture at the Naini Agricultural Institute Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Prayagraj (UP) conducted an experiment in 2022 to investigate the "Effect of organic manures and biofertilizers on growth, yield, and quality in cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L. Var. capitata)". There were ten treatments totaling various amounts of organic manure and bio-fertilizer, with water serving as the control. At 20, 40, and 60 days after transplantation, the treatment is sprayed. The plot size was kept at 2 m × 1.5 m, and each treatment was reproduced three times in a randomized block design. The best results were achieved with treatment T6 (Farm Yard Manure @20t/ha + Bio-Fertilizer (Azotobacter + PSB) each @5kg/ha). The maximum plant height (24.33 cm), the plant's spread (68.59), the number of leaves per plant (13.67), the average head weight (1.93 kg), the head's compactness (5.56 Kg/inch), the yield per plot (6.93 kg), the yield per hectare (71.60 t/ha), the TSS (5.9 Brix), and the amount of ascorbic acid per 100g.Under T6, the gross return (Rs 221430/ha), net profit (Rs 172530/ha), and B:C ratio (4.52) were all much greater. Overall results revealed that the application of FYM @20t/ha + Biofertilizer @5kg/ha proved to be better for different growth, yield and quality traits in cabbage.
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A field experiment was carried out in the Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj. During rabi season (2021-2023). The aim of this study was to determine to find out the most suitable variety of marigold in terms of growth, yield and quality under Prayagraj Agro climatic conditions and to work out the economics of different varieties of marigold. The experiment was laid out in Randomized block design (RBD) with 10 varieties and each replicated thrice. The variety Inca (m) Orange reported significantly better Performance compared to other varieties, in terms of Growth parameters like plant height (67.67 cm), Number of branches per plant (11.17), Leaf length (9.47), Plant spread (35.70) and Yield parameters like Flower yield per plant (272.08 g), Flower yield per plot (1632.50), Flower yield per ha (14.41 t).
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This study investigates the effect of Zinc and Boron on the growth, yield, and quality of Cherry tomatoes. [Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (Alef.) Fosberg] cv. ‘Pusa Cherry-1’ in Prayagraj, India.The purpose of the study is to evaluate the plants in terms of various parameters such as plant height, number of branches, plant spread, days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to fruit setting, days to fruit picking, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruit set per cluster, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, total soluble solids (TSS), ascorbic acid, acidity and benefit-cost ratio. The nine treatments applied in the study include control, Zinc at different concentrations (50 ppm and 100 ppm), and Boron at different concentrations (50 ppm and 100 ppm). The results of the study indicate that the application of Zinc and Boron significantly improved the growth and yield of Cherry tomatoes. The highest fruit yield, fruit weight, TSS, and ascorbic acid content were observed in the plants treated with Zinc at a concentration of 100ppm added Boron at a concentration of 100ppm. The benefit-cost ratio was also found to be higher in the treated plants compared to the control. Overall, the study suggests that the application of Zinc and Boron can be an effective and sustainable method for enhancing the growth, yield, and quality of Cherry Tomatoes.
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The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of different hybrids of chilli in prayagraj agro-climatic condition” was conducted from July 2022- January 2023. The experiment was laid out in a Randomised Block Design with 3 replications and 10 hybrids viz., LHC-Diya, LHC-4010, Beauty, NS-1101, Deva, NS-1701 DG, VNR-305, Chushul, Pushkar, Sonali. Experiment was done to understand the plant growth, fruit yield, quality and economics of Chilli using different hybrids under Allahabad agro-climatic conditions at the experimental field of the Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute (NAI), Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. From the above experimental findings it is concluded that, all the characters viz., growth parameters, earliness parameters, yield parameters and qualitative parameters varied significantly. Further, while studying the plant height (F1-Sonali) was found best, highest number of branches, maximum average fruit weight and maximum ascorbic acid was found in (F1-NS-1701 DG), days to first flowering and days to 50% flowering was found minimum in (F1- Pushkar), maximum number of fruits per plant, maximum fruit length and fruit girth was found in (F1- VNR-305), highest yield per plant, highest yield per hectare and highest profit and maximum benefit cost ratio were found in (F1-NS-1101), maximum TSS was found in (F1- Beauty).
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The lab experiment was conducted in the year 2021-2022 at Post Harvest Lab, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, in order to Standardisation for preparation and Storage Stability of Papaya Candy (Carica papaya) to evaluate the physico- chemical properties and consumers acceptability of different treatments Quality Characters. From the above experiment T7 (1Kg papaya slice + sugar syrup @75o B + Ginger extract@5%) showed better results in combination. Total soluble solids (T.S.S.), Total titratable acidity, Ascorbic acid content, Reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, Total sugar, sensory evaluation of candy, Colour, Texture, Flavour, Taste, Overall acceptability whereas minimum was observed in T0 (1Kg papaya slice + sugar syrup @75o B +Control).
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The field experiment was conducted during Rabi season in the year 2021-2022 at post graduate Horticulture Experimental farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, to study the foliar application of different micro-nutrient treatments on Okra cv. Sahnaaj. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 9 treatments and 3 replications. Okra plants were treated with (boron and zinc) subjected to growth, yield and quality parameters and showed better results in combination treatment T7 [0.3% Boron + (RDF 100:40:100)] the treatment whereas minimum was observed in T0 (control).
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The experimentation entitled Effect of different organic manure and inorganic fertilizer on growth, yield and quality of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) during kharif (Rainy) season at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, and PRAYAGRAJ (UP) during 2022. Due to the heavy application of chemical and fertilizer, land and water bodies are getting polluted So, to reduce the degradation of soil, we have used combination of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications and thirteen treatment combinations. F1 Hybrid Covi Plus was selected for this study. We have found that application of 75% NPK and 25% of vermicompost respectively gave highest yield (19.57 t/ha).
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About 40-70% of conventional fertilizer is wasted due to leaching causing environmental issues. Controlled release fertilizers provide a promising solution as they gradually release nutrients to match the crop's nutrient requirements, improving nutrient uptake efficiency and reducing nutrient losses. The Experiment was carried out During March To June 2021-22, using a randomized block design with three replications and eight treatments, including a control using the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF). The statistical analysis of the variance showed that the use of CRF had a significant effect on the growth, yield, and quality of red okra. Among the different levels of CRF used, treatment T7 (11g CRF/plant) performed the best in terms of growth parameters such as plant height and number of leaves. Treatment T2 (7g CRF/plant) was found to perform the best in terms of earliness parameters. Treatment T5 (9g CRF/plant) had the highest yield with 14.30 t/ha. Treatment T6 (10g CRF/plant) was found to be the best for quality parameters. The highest benefit-cost ratio was recorded in treatment T5 (9g CRF/plant) which is 4.7. From the present investigation, it is concluded that, CRF can be used efficiently for higher crop production.
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The experiment was carried out on Genetic variability and character association in eight genotypes of Ridge Gourd with three replications during summer season 2021-22 at the Research Field of Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, India. The observations were recorded on various yield and yield contributing characters of ridge gourd. The results from the present investigation revealed that on the basis of Based on mean performance for fruit yield per plant (2.17 kg) and fruit yield (88.35 q/ha), genotypes IET 2021/RIGVAR-6 were considered suitable genotypes in Prayagraj climatic condition. Coefficient of variation revealed that high magnitude of GCV and PCV were recorded for Fruit yield/ ha (q) and Average fruit weight (g). The heritability estimates were found to be high (greater than 60%). The genetic advance and genetic advance as a percentage of mean estimates were found to be significant (more than 20%). Genotypic correlation coefficient analysis revealed that fruit yield /ha (kg) showed positive significant association with Fruit length (cm) (0.024**), Fruit diameter (cm) (0.971**), Number of fruit per plant (0.331**), Average fruit weight (g) (0.940**) at genotypic level. Whereas Phenotypic correlation coefficient analysis revealed that fruit yield /ha (kg) showed positive significant association with Fruit length (cm) (0.347**), Fruit diameter (cm) (0.999**), Number of fruit per plant (0.653**), Average fruit weight (g) (0.999**) at phenotypic level.
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The present investigation was under taken in the Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, (Allahabad). During winter season of 2020-2021, 2021-2022 and Pooled. The experiment was layout in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 13 treatments and each treatment replicated thrice. The treatments consist of different combinations of inorganic fertilizers (N, P and K) and organic fertilizers (FYM, Vermicompost and Poultry Manure) and control (No fertilizers and manures). The treatment T5 50% RDF + FYM 14 t ha-1 was found the statistically significant compared to other treatment combination, which recorded highest plant height (23.68, 57.11 and 76.41 cm), spread area (8.19 cm2, 15.54 cm2 and 18.47 cm2), Number of leaves (36.63, 57.11 and 76.41), Leaf area (15.03 cm2, 15.63 cm2 and 15.33 cm2), Chlorophyll content (66.11 mg, 65.60 mg and 65.86 mg), followed by T9 25% RDF + Vermicompost 6.9 t ha-1 and lowest yield was obtained from T0 (control).
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School personnel are role models for students, teachers of tobacco use prevention curricula, and key influencers for tobacco control policies in schools. With their daily interactions and strong influence on their students they represent an influential group for tobacco control. Data collected through the Global School Personnel Survey during 2006 in 180 school; of 6 regions of India have shown that a large proportion (29%) of school personnel used tobacco. The scarcity of tobacco free school policies and relevant teaching materials (non existent in 62% of schools surveyed) and lack of training among school personnel (84%) reported in this study indicate the extent of undermining the scope of prevention efforts in schools to reduce adolescent tobacco use prevalence in India. Majority of school personnel in India strongly agreed that they should receive specific training to help students avoid or stop using tobacco. Training of school personnel along with introduction of comprehensive school policies and its vigorous enforcement will help adolescent students and school personnel to adopt and maintain a tobacco free lifestyle.