RESUMO
Introduction: Neonatal morbidity and mortality rates reflect a nation’s socioeconomic status as well as the efficiency of their health care services. The objective of this study is to identify the disease spectrum and the commonest causes of morbidity and mortality in this group of babies. Methods: The study was a retrospective study of all the newborns admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit of the Department of Pediatrics, SVRRGGH, Tirupathi. Results:Atotal of 1289 newborns were admitted to NICU during the study period of which 696 (56.5%) were term, 537 (43.5%) were preterm. The most common disease was sepsis (35.5%) followed by birth asphyxia (31.5%), neonatal jaundice (10.2%), hyaline membrane disease (12.6%), meconium aspiration syndrome (11%), congenital malformations (4%) and hypoglycemia (5%). Out of 1233 patients, 276 expired (22.3%). The common causes of mortality were sepsis (35.5%), hyaline membrane disease (27.6%) and hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy stage 3 (23.1%). Conclusion: Neonatal period is a very vulnerable period with a high risk of morbidity and mortality which is preventable with good obstetric care and subsequent neonatal care.
RESUMO
Vitamin B12 deficiency is an important and under recognised cause of anemia and neurological morbidity in children. As per previous studies from India iron deficiency was most common cause for anemia. But from the past two to three decades prevalence of cobalamin deficiency is increasing. This study aims to study the various clinical, neurological manifestations and hematologic profile of Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia in children aged 6 months to 12 years. A total of 58 children with Vitamin B12 deficiency were studied of which the most common age group affected were 1 to 4 years. Pallor, Anorexia, generalised weakness (100%), hyper pigmented knuckles (94%) and Hyper pigmented distal phalanges (90%), Glossitis (68%) were the most common presentations. The neurological features were seen in all the cases in 6 – 12 month age group. Leucopenia was seen in 74% and Thrombocytopenia in 49% cases. Early identification and treatment can prevent irreversible ain injury and its profound impact on neurological outcome of child.
RESUMO
Associated red and black soils of the transect from Hira region of Hatti schist belt were studied for their properties. Soils were moderately deep to deep, reddish brown (5YR 3/4) to dark black (10YR3/2), clay in texture. The pH ranged from 7.56 to 7.7, EC from 0.4 to 0.44dSm-1, low to medium in organic carbon, moderate in CEC (40.1 – 54.3 c mol (p+) kg-1). Free iron oxides ranges from (0.6-3.2%), Na2CO3 extractable free silicon ranges from (0.4-3.1%) and Na2CO3 extractable free aluminium ranges from (0.2 - 2.5%).
RESUMO
A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2011 at the Student’s Farm, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad on red sandy loam soils to study the effect of nitrogen management in speciality corn under Pongamia + maize agri-silvi system. All the growth and yield attributes such as plant height, dry matter production, leaf area index, cob length, cob girth, number of cobs plant-1, number of rows cob-1, number of kernals cob-1 and 100 kernel weight were found maximum at 120 kg N ha-1 than at the remaining nitrogen levels. Whereas, cob weight (with husk) was found maximum at 120 kg ha-1 but was on par with 90 kg N ha-1. Similarly cob yield (with husk), green fodder/stover yield, harvest index, kernel yield of popcorn and shelling percentage of popcorn were found significantly higher at 120 kg N ha-1 than the other two lower doses of nitrogen. The different types of corn were found significantly different from each other regarding growth parameters such as plant height, days to 50 per cent silking and days to maturity. Regarding the effect on yield attributes and yield, all the three types of corn were found significantly different from each other in cob length, cob girth, cob weight (with husk), green cob yield as well as green fodder/stover yield.