Progress on methotrexate gene polymorphisms in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / 国际儿科学杂志

Methotrexate(MTX)is one of the main drugs used to prevent graft-versus-host disease(GVHD)after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, but it can cause a variety of adverse reactions, including severe mucositis, bone marrow suppression and hepatotoxicity.Studies on MTX gene polymorphisms mainly focused on the efficacy and complications of high-dose MTX therapy for various cancers, with relatively few studies on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.From the perspective of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT), this article provided a comprehensive review on the pharmacokinetics, complications, and prognosis with MTX gene polymorphisms in allo-HSCT patients, in order to provide clinical reference.

Value of atherogenic index of plasma combined with Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis in the early prediction of severe hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and the severity of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) and the value of AIP combined with Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) score in the early prediction of severe HTG-AP (sHTG-AP). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 170 patients with HTG-AP who were hospitalized in The General Hospital of Central Theater Command from January 2017 to December 2021, and according to related guidelines, they were divided into the sHTG-AP group with 28 patients and non-sHTG-AP group with 142 patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all patients within 24 hours after admission, and the two groups were compared in terms of sex, age, laboratory test results, AIP, BISAP score, and modified CT severity index (MCTSI) score. The chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups; the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups. The Spearman rank correlation test was used to investigate the correlation between each factor and the severity of HTG-AP, and the binary logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the independent risk factors for sHTG-AP. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to assess the predictive efficacy of each indicator. Results There were significant differences between the two groups in the medical history of diabetes, lymphocyte count, albumin, Ca 2+ , triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, AIP, BISAP score, MCTSI score, length of hospital stay, and hospital costs (all P < 0.05). The sHTG-AP group had a longer length of hospital stay, higher hospital costs, and a higher AIP value. AIP (odds ratio [ OR ]=1.244, 95% confidence interval [ CI ]: 1.062-1.458, P =0.007), BISAP score ( OR =5.525, 95% CI : 1.646-18.543, P =0.006), and MCTSI score ( OR =2.029, 95% CI : 1.245-3.305, P =0.004) were risk factors for sHTG-AP. AIP, BISAP score, and MCTSI score were positively correlated with the severity of HTG-AP ( r =0.291, 0.631, and 0.649, all P < 0.001), and AIP was positively correlated with BISAP score and MCTSI score ( r =0.190 and 0.215, both P < 0.05). AIP had an optimal cut-off value of 1.095 in predicting sHTG-AP, and AIP, BISAP score, and AIP combined with BISAP score had an area under the ROC curve of 0.759, 0.887, 0.925, respectively, a sensitivity of 0.821, 0.857, and 0.786, respectively, and a specificity of 0.627, 0.817, and 0.937, respectively (all P < 0.001). Conclusion AIP is a risk factor for sHTG-AP and is correlated with disease severity, and AIP combined with BISAP score has a relatively high value in the early prediction of sHTG-AP.

IL-6 promotes pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells and regulates cardiac differentiation in a development-dependent manner / 生理学报

Interleukin 6 (IL-6), an important component of cardiac microenvironment, favors cardiac repair by improving cardiomyocyte regeneration in different models. This study aimed to investigate the effects of IL-6 on stemness maintenances and cardiac differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). The mESCs were treated with IL-6 for two days, and then subjected to CCK-8 essay for proliferation analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) to evaluate the mRNA expression of genes related to stemness and germinal layers differentiation. Phosphorylation levels of stem cell-related signal pathways were detected by Western blot. siRNA was used to interfere the function of STAT3 phosphorylation. Cardiac differentiation was investigated by the percentage of beating embryoid bodies (EBs) and qPCR analysis of cardiac progenitor markers and cardiac ion channels. IL-6 neutralization antibody was applied to block the endogenous IL-6 effects since the onset of cardiac differentiation (embryonic day of 0, EB0). The EBs were collected on EB7, EB10 and EB15 to investigate the cardiac differentiation by qPCR. On EB15, Western blot was applied to investigate the phosphorylation of several signaling pathways, and immunochemistry staining was adopted to trace the cardiomyocytes. IL-6 antibody was administered for two days (short term) on EB4, EB7, EB10 or EB15, and percentages of beating EBs at late developmental stage were recorded. The results showed that exogenous IL-6 promoted mESCs proliferation and favored maintenances of pluripotency, evidenced by up-regulated mRNA expression of oncogenes (c-fos, c-jun) and stemness markers (oct4, nanog), down-regulated mRNA expression of germ layer genes (branchyury, FLK-1, pecam, ncam, sox17), and increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and STAT3. siRNA targeting JAK/STAT3 partially attenuated the effects of IL-6 on cell proliferation and mRNA expression of c-fos and c-jun. During differentiation, long term IL-6 neutralization antibody application decreased the percentage of beating EBs, down-regulated mRNA expression of ISL1, GATA4, α-MHC, cTnT, kir2.1, cav1.2, and declined the fluorescence intensity of cardiac α actinin in EBs and single cell. Long term IL-6 antibody treatment decreased the phosphorylation of STAT3. In addition, short term (2 d) IL-6 antibody treatment starting from EB4 significantly reduced the percentage of beating EBs in late development stage, while short term IL-6 antibody treatment starting from EB10 significantly increased the percentage of beating EBs on EB16. These results suggest that exogenous IL-6 promotes mESCs proliferation and favors stemness maintenance. Endogenous IL-6 regulates mESC cardiac differentiation in a development-dependent manner. These findings provide important basis for the study of microenvironment on cell replacement therapy, as well as a new perspective for understanding the pathophysiology of heart diseases.

Expression of IGLL1 Gene and Its Clinical Significance in Pediatric T-ALL / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To detect the relative expression of IGLL1 (immunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide 1) mRNA in bone marrow of children with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), and analyze its correlation with the clinical characteristics and prognosis of the patients, so as to clarify the clinical significance of IGLL1 in pediatric T-ALL patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 56 pediatric T-ALL patients hospitalized in Children's Hospital of Soochow University from June 2012 to December 2017 and treated with CCLG-ALL 2008 regimen were selected. Transcriptome sequencing technology was used to detect the transcription level of IGLL1 gene in children with T-ALL. According to 25% of the IGLL1 transcription level (cutoff value:448), the enrolled children were divided into IGLL1 low expression group (17 cases) and IGLL1 high expression group (39 cases). Combined with clinical data, the correlation between the expression level of IGLL1 and prognosis of the patients was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The comparative analysis showed that the transcription level of IGLL1 was not correlated with the clinical characteristics of the patients, such as sex, age, bone marrow blast, white blood cell (WBC) count at initial diagnosis. The 5-year OS rate of patients with high IGLL1 expression was significantly higher than that of patients with low IGLL1 expression (76.9%±6.7% vs 47.1%±12.1%, P =0.018). Further comparison of relapse-free survival (RFS) rate between the two groups showed that the 5-year RFS rate of patients with high IGLL1 expression was higher than that of patients with low IGLL1 expression, but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P =0.095). Multivariate COX analysis was conducted on common clinical prognostic factors (age, sex, WBC count at diagnosis, prednisone response on the 7th day, bone marrow response on the 15th day after treatment) and IGLL1 expression level, and the results showed that IGLL1 expression (P =0.012) and prednisone response (P =0.017) were independent risk factors for overall survival in pediatric T-ALL patients.@*CONCLUSION@#In pediatric T-ALL, the OS rate of children with high expression of IGLL1 gene was significantly higher than that of children with low expression of IGLL1 gene, and the expression level of IGLL1 gene was an independent factor affecting the survival of children with T-ALL, which suggests that IGLL1 is a marker of good clinical prognosis of children with T-ALL.

Progress on the BRD4 of super enhancer regulatory element in hematologic oncology / 国际儿科学杂志

Abnormal transcription of oncogenes driven by super enhancers was found to be critical for maintaining tumor cell identity.The expression of oncogenes can be effectively suppressed by inhibiting the key regulator that super enhancers regulate oncogene transcription.Bromodomain protein 4(BRD4)is a key protein to recognize the super enhancer regulatory elements, which can bind to acetylated histones or non-histones to regulate gene transcription.The abnormal expression of BRD4 is closely related to the malignant development of a variety of hematologic oncology.Targeting BRD4 can effectively control the malignant development of hematologic tumors.In recent years, BRD4-targeted drugs in hematologic oncology have received extensive attention, and they showed good antitumor effects either as a single drug or in combination with other drugs.In this paper, in order to provide a new understanding of the occurrence of leukemia and treatment of hematologic oncology, the biological functions of BRD4 as well as the molecular drugs targeting BRD4 are reviewed.

Correlation between children and adolescents behavioral habits and the occurrence of myopia in Qamdo / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the current status of myopia in children and adolescents in Qamdo, Tibet, and analyze related influencing factors, so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of adolescents in plateau areas.@*Methods@#A cross sectional study was conducted among 959 children and adolescents randomly selected from one district and two counties in Qamdo (from the fourth grade of elementary school to the second grade of high school) for visual acuity and refraction tests and filled out a vision related behavior questionnaire to analyze the incidence of myopia among adolescents in the region and its associated factors.@*Results@#The myopia rate of adolescents in grades 4-11 was 54.43%, the rate of undercorrection of refractive errors was 85.25%, and the percentage of students wearing eyeglasses was 34.67%,fully vision correction rate was 42.54%. The myopia rate of students in grades 4-6 was 35.14%, 64.71% in grades 7-9, and 73.48% in grades 10-11. The myopia rate increased with grades( χ 2= 101.18 , P <0.01). The myopia rate (70.40%) of urban students (grades 4-9) was higher than that of county level(41.45%), and the myopia rate of students with myopia from either parent (68.24%) was higher than that of students without myopia (51.91%) , the myopia rate of girls (59.96%) was higher than that of boys (48.36%)( χ 2=53.19，13.46，12.98， P <0.01). Use electronic products for more than 2.5 hours per day, electronic devices usage after bedtime, the light low indoor brightness when studying on a sunny day, and only use one of the table lamps or roof lights when studying at night, preference for fried food, poor sleep quality, in the morning the students who still feel tired are at higher risk of myopia( χ 2=10.35, 10.91, 6.87, 4.25, 4.97, 5.71, 12.11, P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the occurrence of myopia was related to region, grade, gender, parental myopia, time spent on electronic products every day in the past 5 months, and sleep quality( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The high rate of myopia in children and adolescents in Qamdo may be related to the quality of sleep, the length of time electronic products are used, the eye environment, and the frequency of eating fried foods. Outdoor activities do not show significant differences.

Conceptual framework and its application of World Health Organization rehabilitation competency framework in rehabilitation human resource management / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To explore the application and method of World Health Organization Rehabilitation Competency Framework (RCF) in rehabilitation human resource management, and provide theoretical and practical reference for rehabilitation human resource management.Methods Based on the International Standard Classification of Occupations issued by the International Labour Organization, the application scope of RCF was systematically analyzed. The theoretical framework of rehabilitation human resource management based on RCF was constructed in combination with competency-based human resource management framework. On this basis, taking rehabilitation nurses as an example, the corresponding management methods and paths are proposed from four aspects of human resource management, including career management, recruitment and selection, training and development, and performance appraisal and salary management.Results Based on RCF, the theoretical framework of human resource management for rehabilitation nursing positions was constructed, and the main contents and processes of human resource management based on RCF were clarified from four aspects: recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal and salary management, and career management. Occupational competency of rehabilitation professionals in International Standard Classification of Occupations was analyzed by RCF.Conclusion The rehabilitation competency framework constructed by WHO can be used to supplement the responsibilities of rehabilitation-related professionals in the International Standard Classification of Occupations issued by the International Labour Organization. RCF serves as a tool for practice managers and rehabilitation professionals in identifying selection criteria, learning objectives, and professional title assessment criteria. It can also be used in recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, salary management and career management in the field of rehabilitation human resource management.

Research Progress of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width in Assessing Severity of Acute Pancreatitis / 胃肠病学

More and more studies have found that red blood cell distribution width (RDW) can be used for acute pancreatitis (AP) classification, dynamic monitoring and evaluation of disease severity, mortality, prognosis and complication. Some inflammatory markers, such as procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and pancreatitis scoring system are also associated with severity of AP, and can further improve the evaluation of AP severity when combined with RDW. This article reviewed the RDW and classification of AP, the dynamic changes of RDW and AP, RDW combined with inflammatory indices for prediction of severity of AP, and RDW combined with pancreatitis scoring system for prediction of severity of AP, so as to improve the understanding of predictive value of RDW in assessing the severity of AP.

Iron deficiency and early childhood caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUNDS@#Previous surveys have found that children with iron deficiency (ID) were likely to suffer from early childhood caries (ECC). We aimed to assess the scientific evidence about whether ID is intrinsically related to ECC.@*METHODS@#The medical subject headings (MeSH) terms and free words were searched on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and the Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals from March 2020 to September 2020. Two researchers independently screened the articles. Data extraction and cross-checking were performed for the studies that met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's Review Manager 5.3 software.@*RESULTS@#After excluding duplication and irrelevant literature, 12 case-control studies were included in the study. The meta-analysis demonstrated that children with ECC were more likely to have ID (odds ratio [OR] = 2.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.85, 3.73], P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant association found between the level of serum ferritin and ECC (weighted mean difference (WMD) = -5.80, 95% CI: [-11.97, 0.37], P = 0.07). Children with ECC were more likely to have iron-deficiency anemia (OR = 2.74, 95% CI: [2.41,3.11], P < 0.001). The hemoglobin (HGB) levels in the ECC group were significantly lower compared with that in the ECC-free group (WMD = -9.96, 95% CI: [-15.45, -4.46], P = 0.0004). The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) levels in the ECC group were significantly lower compared with that in the ECC-free group (WMD = -3.72, 95% CI: [-6.65, -0.79], P = 0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#ID was more prevalent in children with ECC, and the markers of iron status in the ECC group, such as serum ferritin, HGB, and MCV, were relatively lower than the ECC-free group.

A new macrocyclic phenolic glycoside from Sorghum vulgare root / 中国中药杂志

Eleven compounds were isolated and purified from Sorghum vulgare root extract, through column chromatography over silica gel, MCI gel, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were established by MS, 1 D NMR and 2 D NMR data as sorgholide A(1), β-sitosterol(2), stigmastero(3), daucosterol(4), 4-methoxycinnamic acid(5), taxiphyllin(6), chlorogenic acid(7), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(8), succini acid(9), trans-p-hydroxycinnamic acid(10), obtusalin(11). Compounds 4,5 and 9-11 were reported from this species for the first time, and compound 1 is the first 24 ring dimeric double lactonol glycoside formed by reverse polymerization of p-hydroxyphenylacetate glucoside, named sorgholide A.

Relationship between Early Treatment Response and Prognosis in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the relationship between the early treatment response and the pregnosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and Seventy-eight ALL children diagnosed and treated in Hainan general hospital from March 2013 to March 2017 were collected. All ALL children received therapy with CCLg-ALL-2008 regimen. The 3 year event-free survival (EFS) rate of ALL children in different groups was analyzed in terms of 4 indexes including sensitivity response to prednison at day 8 (D8-SRP), bone marrow remission at day 15 (D15-BMR) and at day 33 (D33-BMR), and minimal residual disease at day 33 (D33-BMR), and minimal residual disease at day 33(D33-MRD). These 4 indexes and other indexes possibly affecting the prognosis of ALL children were enrolled in Cox regression model for analysis of independent factors affecting the prognosis of ALL children.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The D8-SRP test showed that among 269 ALL children, 240(89.22%) cases displayed prednisone poor response (PPR); the 3-year EFS rate in predrisone good response(PGR) group was significantly higher than that in PPR group(P<0.05). The D15-BMR detection showed that among 262 ALL children, the bone marrow remission(BMR) as M1 was observed in 230 cases (87.79%), M2 in 20 cases (7.63%) and M3 in 9 cases (4.58%); the 3-year EFS rate showed as follows:M1 group >M2 group >M3 group(P<0.05). The D33-BMR detection showed that among 257 ALL children, the BMR as M1 was observed in 227 cases (88.33%), M2 in 21 cses(8.17%) and M3 in 9 caes (3.51%); the 3-year EFS rate in 3 groups showed as follows: M1 group >M2 group >M3 group(P<0.05). The D33-MRD detection showed that among 185 ALL children, MRD<10 was found in 128 cases (69.19%), MRD≥10-10 in 43 cases (23.24%), MRD ≥10 in 14 cases (7.57%); the 3-year EFS rate in 3 groups showed as follows: MRD <10 group > MRD≥ 10-10 group>MRD≥10 group. The Cox regression analysis showed that PPR in D8-SRP test, M2 and M3 in D15 and D33 BMR detection, and MRD≥10 in D33 MRD detection as well as T-ALL typing were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of ALL children.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The early treatment response can predict the prognosis of ALL children, which is an independent prognostic factor for ALL children.</p>

Changes of transport sugar content in different organs of Rehmannia glutinosa / 中国中药杂志

Raffinose series oligosaccharides are the transport and storage sugars of many plants, Rehmannia glutinosa is one of the commonly used Chinese herbal medicines, medicinal parts ist he roots. Root and tuber of R. glutinosa contains stachyose, raffinose and other oligosaccharides, but the study about the process of growth and development of other organs in the non-structural changes in sugar content is rare.In this study, leaves, stems and roots of R. glutinosa were used as materials to analyze the diurnal variation and the changes of sugar content of sucrose, raffinose and stachyose in different organs of R. glutinosa. The results showed that the content of sucrose in R. glutinosa leaves gradually increased from seedling stage.However, the content of stachyose did not change much at the early stage of growth, and the stachyose rapidly increased at the later stage of growth. The raffinose content gradually decreased throughout the growing season, young leaves of R. glutinosa have higher ability to sucrose synthesis than mature leaves, while mature leaf has higher raffinose and stachyose synthesis ability than young leaves. Sucrose and stachyose content in stem gradually increased, while there was little change in raffinose content. The content of raffinose and stachyose in root increased rapidly from the beginning of fast growing period, while the content of sucrose did not change much. The content of sucrose in leaves of R. glutinosa did not change much at day and night, while the daily changes of raffinose and stachyose contents were very obvious. The contents of raffinose and stachyose in daytime were higher than those at night. The content of raffinose in root and stem was not changed much, but the change of stachyose in root, stem and leaf was very obvious, especially in stem and leaf. In summary, the leaf is the main synthetic organ of raffinose, leaves, stems and roots are stachyose synthesis organ. Sucrose, raffinose and stachyose are the major transport forms of carbohydrates in R. glutinosa.

Chemical constituents from an ethnic drug Dicranopteris pedata / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of the ethnic drug Dicranopteris pedata. METHODS: The compounds were isolated and purified by comprehensive application of silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, and their structures were identified on the basis of comprehensive analysis of their physical and chemical properties, NMR data and references. RESULTS: Fourteen compounds were isolated and elucidated as quercitrin(1), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnoside(2), rutin(3), hyperoside(4), kaempferol(5), quercetin(6),2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2',3'-benzochalcone(7),stigmasterol(8), cycloastragenol(9), shikimic acid(10), protocatechuic acid(ll), gallic acid(12),β-sitosterol(13), and daucosterol(14). CONCLUSION: Compound 1-14 are for the first time isolated from D. pedata.

Chemical constituents from medical and edible plants of Rosa roxburghii / 中国中药杂志

Rosa roxburghii, a kind of the medical and edible plants belonging to the Rosaceae family, is widely distributed in the southwest districts of China, especially Guizhou province. Now, by reason of the extensive bioactivities, the plant is widely used in the field of food, health product, drug, and so on. In the course of our continuing search for the bioactive constituents, thirteen compounds were isolated from R. roxburghii, and their structures were determined on the basis of physicochemical property, spectroscopic data and comparison with the literatures, as 2-oxo pomolic acid(1), 1β-hydroxyeuscaphic acid(2), euscaphic acid(3), arjunic acid(4), tormentic acid(5), kaiiichigeside F1(6), rosamultin(7), arjunetin(8), 2ɑ, 3ɑ, 19ɑ-trihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(9), 2α, 3α, 19α, 24-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic-acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(10), pyrogallic acid (11), daucosterol(12), and 1, 2-decanediol(13). Compounds 9 and 10 were firstly obtained from Rosaceae family, and compounds 1,4,5,9-11,13 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Dacryocystorhinostomy under endoscopy with mitomycin for chronic dacryocystitis / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

? AIM: To explore the curative effect of dacryocystorhinostomy under endoscopy with mitomycin for the treatment of chronic dacryocystitis.?METHODS: Totally 73 cases ( 78 eyes ) with chronic dacryocystitis were treated with dacryocystorhinostomy under endoscopy with mitomycin and followed up for 6-12mo.?RESULTS: In the 73 patients, 66 cases with 70 eyes (90%) were cured, 2 cases with 3 eyes (4%) improved, 5 cases with 5 eyes ( 6%) not changed. In the recurrent 5 eyes, 2 eyes were treated under endoscopy to remove granulation, enlarge the opening, then anesthetic tube was placed after cotton sheet with 0. 4g/L mitomycin was put on the incision for 5min. The rest 3 eyes were treated in superior hospital with laser, and all were successful. There was no severe complication observed.?CONCLUSION:Dacryocystorhinostomy under endoscopy with mitomycin for chronic dacryocystitis is effective.

Chemical constituents from Huperzia leishangensis / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents in the whole plant of Huperzia leishangensis. METHODS: Compounds were isolated and purified by Prep-TLC, silica gel chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative high performance liquid chromatography, and their structures were identified on the basis of comprehensive analysis of their physical and chemical properties, NMR data and literatures. RESULTS: Ten compounds were isolated and elucidated as (15R)-12,16-epoxy-11,14-dihydroxy-8, 11, 13-abietatrien-7-one (I), 21-epi-serratenediol-3, 21-acetate (II), serratenediol-3-acetate (III), 21-epi-serratenediol-3-acetate (IV), 21α-hydroxy-serrat-14-en-3β-ol(V), 21β-hydroxy-serrat-14-en-3β-ol(VI), huperzine A (VII), sucrose (VIII), β-sitosterol (IX) and β-daucosterol(X). CONCLUSION: Compound I-X were for the first time isolated from H. leishangensis.

Study on distribution and dynamic accumulation of catalpol and total iridoid in fresh Rehmannia glutinosa / 中国中药杂志

Iridoid glycosides were the main active ingredient of Rehmannia glutinosa, of which catalpol has the highest content. This work will provide theoretical basis for metabolic study and cultivation of iridoids on the basis of the dynamic accumulation of catalpol and total iridoids in the growth of R. glutinosa. The samples of rehmannia 85-5 were gathered in the same filed from July to October. The contents of catalpol and total iridoid glycosides were measured by HPLC and specteophotometric, respectively. The results showed that youngest leaves had the higher content of catalpol and total iridoid glyosides than that of the other two leaf ages in the same growth stage from July to September, while their content of catalpol and total iridoid glycosides were all decreased as the growth of leaves of R. glutinosa. The content of catalpol didn't differ significantly from July to September, whereas it has significantly increased in October in the three leaf stage. In the same stage, the wider the root diameter is, the higher content of the effective components are. In August and September, the total iridoid glycosides have the fastest accumulation. The content of catalpol was increased as the accumulation of total iridoid glycosides.

Features of a Chinese family with cerebral cavernous malformation induced by a novel CCM1 gene mutation / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Familial cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs), characterized by hemorrhagic stroke, recurrent headache and epilepsy, are congenital vascular anomalies of the central nervous system. Familial CCMs is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder and three CCM genes have been identified. We report a Chinese family with CCMs and intend to explore clinical, pathological, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and pathogenic gene mutation of this family.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 25 family members underwent brain MRI examination and clinical check. Two patients with surgical indications had surgical treatment and the specimens were subjected to histopathological and microstructural examination. In addition, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing were performed with genomic DNA extracted from 25 family members' blood samples for mutation detection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Brain MRI identified abnormal results in seven family members. All of them had multiple intracranial lesions and four cases had skin cavernous hemangioma. T2-weighted sequence showed that the lesions were typically characterized by an area of mixed signal intensity. Gradient-echo (GRE) sequence was more sensitive to find micro-cavernous hemangiomas. There was a wide range in the clinical manifestations as well as the age of onset in the family. The youngest patient was an 8-year-old boy with least intracranial lesions. Histopathological and microstructural examination showed that CCMs were typically discrete multi-sublobes of berry-like lesions, with hemorrhage in various stages of illness evolution. They were formed by abnormally enlarged sinusoids and the thin basement membranes. A novel T deletion mutation in exon 14 of CCM1 gene was identified by mutation detection in the seven patients. But unaffected members and healthy controls did not carry this mutation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The clinical manifestations were heterogenic within this family. We identified a novel mutation (c.1396delT) was the disease-causing mutation for this family and extended the mutational spectrum of CCMs.</p>

Association of two SNPs in 3'UTR of ETS1 gene with systemic lupus erythematosus in a northern Chinese Han population / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the association between 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ETS1 gene and susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a northern Chinese Han population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two SNPs within the ETS1 gene mapped to 11q23 were selected based on HapMap data. Genotyping was conducted with Taqman method in 231 patients with SLE and 474 healthy controls from Qilu Hospital, Shandong and analyzed with PLINK1.07 software. Haplotypes were analyzed with SHEsis software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A statistically significant difference was detected in the distribution of rs1128334 and rs4937333 genotypes between the two groups (all P< 0.01). For rs1128334, the frequency of the minor allele was 0.291 and 0.428 in controls and cases, respectively. For rs4937333, the minor allele frequency was 0.381 and 0.476 in controls and cases respectively. An A-C haplotype was found to be strongly associated with increased risk for SLE, while another haplotype G-C may reduce this risk.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our study has suggested that rs1128334 and rs4937333 are strongly associated with the risk for SLE in northern Chinese Han population.</p>

Association of common polymorphisms in the LRP6 gene with sporadic coronary artery disease in a Chinese population / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Genetic factors contribute to the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). Recently, a missense mutation in the low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 6 (LRP6) gene, encoding low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 6, has been implicated in an autosomal dominant form of early-onset CAD. The aim of this study was to determine whether the common variants in LRP6 are associated with sporadic CAD in Chinese.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 766 CAD patients and 806 healthy controls were included in this study. The presence of angiographic CAD was determined by coronary angiographic analysis. Six signal nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A significant association was detected between rs11054731 in LRP6 intron 2 and CAD in our cohort (P = 0.001). The CC genotype and C allele frequency in the case group were 52% and 72%. Using a dominant model of inheritance, the C allele of rs11054731 was shown to be an independent risk factor for CAD with an OR of 1.45 (95%CI: 1.19 - 1.77, P = 0.0002). With the stratification according to the number of affected coronary arteries, an association was observed between rs11054731 and CAD (P = 0.0002). No significant association was observed between any other SNPs and the risk of CAD.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The C allele of the rs11054731 within the LRP6 gene was associated with increased risk and extent of CAD in Chinese.</p>