Diagnosis value of MRI in acute rotator interval injury / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare clinical application of 1.5 T MRI in acute rotator interval injury.@*METHODS@#Totally 160 patients with acute rotator cuff tear by clinical diagnosis were retrospectively analyzed by MRI examination and arthroscopy from March 2016 to February 2019, including 122 males and 38 females, aged from 22 to 71 years old with an average of (42.35±3.48) years old. Based on the results of arthroscopy as the gold standard, the shape and signal changes of rotator cuff, rotator interval, peripheral bursa, bone and soft tissue were observed by MRI on axial, oblique coronal and oblique sagittal imagese.@*RESULTS@#The direct MRI signs of acute rotator interval injury displayed thickening, diminution, distortion, interruption of the coracohumeral ligament and superior glenohumeral ligament complex with highsignal intensity on fat-suppression by proton weighted sequence. The indirect MRI signs displayed rotator cuff, peripheral bone and soft tissue injury. The consistency of the results between the two methods was quite satisfactory (Kappa=0.85), and the concordance rate of the two methods has statistically significant (@*CONCLUSION@#MRI could clearly display acute rotator interval, and could accurately diagnose acute rotator interval injury, which provide more accurate imaging basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Hypoxia inducing factor related genetic adaptation in high-altitude and pharmacological modulation / 药学学报

Adaptation to hypoxia of the plateau environment has been a focus of scientific research in decades. The geographical distributions of such living environment include the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Andean Plateau in South America and Ethiopian Plateau. Over the past century, the unique features of physiological adaptation to high-altitude chronic hypoxia have been documented scientifically. The genetic studies of hypoxic adaptation in the past decade have revealed genetic bases of human high-altitude adaptation, with a close relationship to the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathway and hypoxia response elements (HREs). Interestingly, the genetic pattern of adaptation to hypoxia is not the same among the three plateau populations. Tibetan has developed the best high-altitude adaptation, with modification of the HIF pathway as the key genetic element. Due to the wide range of HIF pathways, HIFs could regulate hundreds of downstream genes and are closely related to various diseases such as cancer, inflammation, ischemia, acute organ damage and infection, etc. The treatment researches of these diseases through HIFs-related regulations have led to the development of stabilizers and inhibitors of HIF pathway. We review here the adaptive responses of the three plateau populations to the hypoxic environment, and the genetic mechanism of HIF and HREs in the different ethnic high-altitude populations. Classes of HIF inhibitors, such as PI3K and/or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, DNA-binding inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, heat-shock protein 90 inhibitors, cardiac glycosides, transcription inhibitors, topoisomerase inhibitors, and HIF activators including 2-OG mimics, Fe2+ chelators, prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) active-site blockers and CUL2 deneddylators have been presented with the drug examples. In addition, the top 3 chemical-disease and chemical-gene (protein) co-occurrences have been presented from the Pubmed literature search. The review could serve as references for research of hypoxia adaptation and HIF-related diseases.

Immune response mechanism of human adenovirus infection / 中华临床感染病杂志

Human adenovirus ( HAdV ) is the most widely used vector of gene drugs . Its applications range from oncolytic therapy to vaccination , besides , HAdV is one of the most important pathogen causing acute respiratory infections in infants and young children .How the human innate immune system protects against HAdV has always been the focus of its application as a vaccine carrier .In patients with immunodeficient and hematopoietic stem cell transplant , specific T cell immunotherapy is also one of the hotspots in recent years .Although some HAdV vector vaccines have entered clinical trials , the immune mechanism remains controversial .This article describes how the human innate immune system and the adaptive immune system defend against HAdV and the escape mechanism of HAdV for human immune responses ,in order to indicate directions for vaccine research and deepen clinicians 'understanding of HAdV severe infections .

Molecular mechanism of Xuebijing injection in treatment of sepsis according to “drug-target-pathway” network / 药学学报

This study was aimed to construct a “drug-target-pathway” network of Xuebijing injection for sepsis treatment in an effort to explore the “multi-components, multi-targets, multi-pathways” mechanism based on “system-system” research mode. Active ingredients of Xuebijing injection were used to predict the potential targets according to reversed pharmacophore matching method. The pathway information was acquired from DAVID and KEGG database. The Cytoscape software was used to construct the “ingredient-target-pathway” network of Xuebijing injection for sepsis treatment. The results showed that 21 major active ingredients of Xuebijing injection regulated 550 targets (HRAS, GSK3B, BTK, AK, et al) and affected 10 inflammation and immune-related pathways, such as B cell receptor signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. The sepsis therapeutic effect of Xuebijing injection reflected the action features of traditional Chinese medicine as multi-ingredients, multi-targets, multi-pathways. This research clarifies the material basis of Xuebijing injection for anti-inflammation and immunoregulation, providing a scientific basis for elucidation the mechanism of Xuebijing injection in the treatment of sepsis.

Effect of high glucose on the secretion of cytokines induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of high glucose on Porphyromonasgingivalis (Pg) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulating human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) to secret the cytokines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HGF were obtained from the primary culture of the tissue explants. Cells were divided into four groups, low glucose (5.5 mmol/L) + 1 mg/L Pg LPS (group A);low glucose + 10 mg/L Pg LPS (group B); high glucose (25 mmol/L) +1 mg/L Pg LPS(group C); high glucose+10 mg/L Pg LPS (group D). The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in cell supernatants were detected by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay at 6 h and 12 h. The expressions of toll-like receptor 2, 4 (TLR-2, 4) were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. After pretreatment with anti-TLR2 and anti-TLR4 monoclonal antibody in HGF, TNF-α and L-1β levels were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>TNF-α concentration increased obviously in high glucose 6 h and 12 h after Pg LPS stimulation (P < 0.01). IL-1β secretion increased (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, TLR2, 4 mRNA expression increased, especially in high glucose+10 mg/L Pg LPS (P < 0.01). After inhibition of the TLR2, 4 in high glucose + 10 mg/L Pg LPS respectively, TNF-α level [(297.16±11.49), (390.01±12.81) ng/L] decreased (F = 166.02, P < 0.01), and IL-1β level [(49.90±4.08), (99.35±5.01) ng/L] also decreased (F = 153.51, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High glucose may promote Pg LPS to stimulate the secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β through regulating TLR2, 4 expression, which suggests that the elevating blood glucose precipitate in aggravating the process of periodontal disease.</p>

Preparation of recombinant polypeptide of N-terminal heparin-binding domain of fibronectin and its effect on disseminated intravascular coagulation in rats / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to prepare the polypeptide of N-terminal heparin-binding domain of fibronectin(rhFNHN-29 polypeptide) with pichia expression system, to detect biological activity of recombinant polypeptide and investigate its effect on disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in rats. The sequence of N-terminal heparin-binding domain of fibronectin was amplified from FNcDNA by PCR. The aim gene was cloned into T vector for selection. Then it was cloned into pAo815SM and pPIC9K vectors.Lined pPIC9K vectors were transformed into GS115 Pichia cells so as to express the aim polypeptide in Pichia expression system. The fermentation liquid were precipitated by 80% ammonium sulfate, and the further dissolved sediment were purified using S-100 column and SP column. Its activity of binding with heparin were detected by Western-blot. The established DIC rats (40 rats) were randomly divided into two groups. One group was treated with rhFNHN-29 polypeptide, and the other was treated with normal saline. The rats in the former group were injected with rhFNHN-29 polypeptide (10 mg/kg) through tail vein at 0.5 hour before, 2 hours and 4 hours after injection of LPS respectively. The rats in latter group were injected with equal volume saline. In addition, 20 normal rats injected with normal saline were as normal controls. 500 microl blood was taken from the rat vein, at 6 hours after the injection of LPS. White blood cell (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and platelets were tested from 50 microl blood. The rest 450 microl blood was used to isolate plasma for detecting TNFa level and coagulogram. The rats were killed at 24 hours after injection with LPS. Their livers, lungs, hearts, kidneys, and brain tissues were taken for histopathologic examination. The results showed that the aim polypeptide was successfully expressed in Pichia expression system. The expression level reached approximately 30 mg/L. The polypeptide had activity of binding with heparin antibody. In the experiment study of polypeptide effect on DIC in rats, the plasma TNFa level in polypeptide-treated group was lower than that in saline control group, the hemogram, coagulogram and histopathology were more obviously improved in polypeptide-treated group as compared with saline control group. It is concluded that the rhFNHN-29 polypeptide is successfully prepared, this polypeptide can antagonize DIC induced by endotoxin in rats.

Effect of Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with chemotherapy in treating advanced colorectal carcinoma / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the therapeutic effect and toxicity of chemotherapy, used alone or in combined with Shenqi Fuzheng Injection (SFI), for the treatment of advanced colorectal carcinoma (ACRC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and fifty-two patients with ACRC were equally randomized by digital table, to the treated group, treated by chemotherapy of FOLFOX regimen combined with SFI, and the control group treated by FOLFOX regimen alone. The therapeutic effect and adverse reaction of the treatment in patients were assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The effective rate (CR +PR) was 63.2% (48/76) in the treated group and 46.1% (35/76) in the control group, showing significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The median survival time in the two groups was 31 weeks and 28 weeks respectively. CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly increased in the treated group (1.56 +/- 0.21, 1.64 +/- 0.28, P < 0.05), but significantly decreased in the control group (1.58 +/- 0.22, 1.46 +/- 0.33, P < 0.01). Quality of life in the former group was higher than that in the latter group (P < 0.05). Times/case of nausea, vomiting, leukopenia occurring in the control group was more than those in the treated group A (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>By combining with SFI, some adverse reactions of chemotherapy (such as nausea, vomiting, leukopenia) and its influence on patients' immunity could be alleviated in treating ACRC, which might enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy, and improve the quality of life and prolong the median survival time in patients.</p>

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and metastin in colorectal carcinoma / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and metastin in colorectal carcinoma and their association with the clinicopathological features of the malignancy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>VEGF and metastin expressions were examined immunohistochemically with SP method in 70 specimens of human colorectal carcinoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>VEGF protein overexpression was detected in 48.6% (34/70)of the colorectal carcinoma tissues but in none of the adjacent normal tissues (P<0.01), and for metastin, the overexpression rate was 28.6% (20/70) in the colorectal carcinoma tissues and 70.0% (49/70) in the normal tissues (P<0.01). The expression of both VEGF and metastin was related to the histological grades, infiltration depth, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of the tumor (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Immunohistochemical detection of VEGF and metastin can be of value in assessment of the malignancy and in prognostic evaluation of colorectal carcinoma.</p>

Changes and clinical significance of serum soluble Apo-1/Fas in pancreatic cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect changes of serum soluble Apo-1/Fas (sApo-1/Fas) in pancreatic cancer patients and to investigate its clinical value in assessing the effect of chemotherapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The serum level of sApo-1/Fas in 30 normal control subjects and 58 pancreatic cancer patients were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the sApo-1/Fas level of 48 pancreatic cancer patients, before and after chemotherapy was compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the level of the control group, the level of serum soluble Apo-1/Fas was significantly correlated with clinical stage but not with age, sex or pathologic type of pancreatic cancer. It was elevated gradually from stage II to IV (P < 0.01). However, it would obviously decrease in pancreatic cancer patients after chemotherapy (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The serum soluble Apo-1/Fas may be involved in the development of pancreatic cancer, and it may be used as one parameter to assess the disease status and prognosis of pancreatic cancer patient.</p>

Cytogenetics and Polygenic Factor Analysis of 364 Female Children with Short Stature / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the effect of chromosomal abnormality and polygenic inheritance factor in female children with short stature.Methods 1.Chromosome analysis:peripheral blood was drawn for 1 mL and cultured 72 h to analyze chromosome karyotype (Giemsa Banding ) of peripheral lymphocytes.2.Polygenic factor analysis:the children′s final height were estimated based on their parents average height,and analyzed the distribution characteristics of children′s final height and compared the estimate final height with the actual height.Results Eighty-three cases out of the 364 female children with short stature were chromosomal abnormality(22.80%).Among the 83 cases,the 45,XO and 46,X,i(Xq) occupied 70%.The distribution of children target height shifted left,and the target height of 76 cases was lower than 2 standard deviation (-2 s)and the consistency of target height and actual height reached 20.88%.The target height of 7 cases was lower than 2 standard deviation in those whose chromosome turned out to be abnormal,and the consistency of target height and actual height was 8.43%.Conclusions Chromosomal abnormality is one of the most important etiologic agents causing short stature in female children, and polygenic inheritance is another important etiologic agent.

Protection of mdr1 transfected cord blood mononuclear cell graft against anticancer agents in vivo / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the myelo-protection effect of mdr1 transfected cord blood cells (CBMNCs) graft against high-dose homoharringtonine leukemia-bearing severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Multidrug resistant (mdr1)gene was transferred into CBMNCs by a retrovirus vector, containing full-length cDNA of human mdr1 gene. CBMNCs and high-titer retrovirus supernatant were cocultured with cytokine combinations for 5 - 6 days. The SCID mouse models bearing human HL-60 cell leukemia were divided into three groups. Group A received tail vein injection of 2 x 10(6) mdr1 gene transduced CBMNCs at day 1 and 3, groups B and C 2 x 10(6) un-transduced CBMNCs and same volume of normal saline, respectively. The 3 groups of the mouse model were treated with weekly escalated doses of homoharringtonine. The peripheral white blood cell (WBC) counts, the human leukemia cells percentage in peripheral blood, the histological findings of main organs were assayed. The CD33 positive HL-60 cells in bone marrow were determined by flow cytometry. The function and expression of mdr1 gene were examined by PCR, immunochemistry (IC) and DNR extrusion test in vivo.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) mdr1 gene was transferred into CBMNCs successfully and the transfection frequency was 30%. (2) Leukemia SCID mice were xenotransplanted with mdr1-transfected BMMNCs by a programmed procedure and could be used as a valuable model for in vivo evaluating myelo-protection effects. (3) The transfected mice could tolerate homoharringtonine 5 approximately 6 folds higher than conventional dose and kept peripheral WBC count at a mean of 3 x 10(9)/L, with the peripheral human myeloid leukemia cells percentage decreasing to less than 5%. Histological examination showed that there was no leukemia infiltration in the main organs, the CD33 positive HL-60 cells in bone marrow were less than 5%. (4) The repopulation frequency of the transfected CBMNs in marrow were 9.13%. DNR extrusion test confirmed that the P-gp product maintained its biological function in the marrow.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>mdr1 transferred-human CBMNC can xenotransplanted and repopulated in leukemia-bearing SCID mouse and are protected from chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression.</p>

Monthly Distribution of Birth of Children with Congenital Heart Disease / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate whether the monthly distribution of birth was associated with congenital heart disease(CHD).Methods The monthly distribution of birth of 5 070 patients with CHD who accepted examination or treatment from Jan.2003 to Dec.2006 was investigated and compared with that of 6 627 healthy newborn children born in 2001-2006.The statistic analysis was accomplished with SPSS 12.0 software for ?2 test.Results Four hundred and forty-four of the 5 070 patients with CHD were born in January(8.8%),432 cases in February(8.5%),384 cases in March(7.6%),339 cases in April(6.7%),390 cases in May(7.7%),393 cases in June(7.8%),414 cases in July(8.2%),489 cases in August(9.6%),498 cases in September(9.8%),492 cases in October(9.7%),396 cases in November(7.8%),and 399 cases in December(7.8%).The structural ratio of the number of CHD patients were the highest for those who were born in August,September,October,and the lowest among those who were born of February and March,April.The number of CHD patients who were born in the autumnal months of August,September and October was 1 479(29.1%),much higher than those who were born in February,March and April(1 155 cases,22.8%)(P

Selection of Different Occluders in Transcatheter Closure of Congenital Ventricular Septal Defect in Children / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To discuss the methods of selecting different shapes occluder and to evaluate the feasibility,safety and efficacy of them in transcatheter closures of congenital ventricular septal defect (VSD) in children.Methods Transcatheter closures were performed in 226 children with congenital VSD,age ranging from 2 to 14 years(mean 5.62 years) under the guidance of transthoracic echocardiography(TTE) and fluoroscopy.There were 14 patients with intracristal VSD,209 patients with perimembranous VSD and 3 patients with muscular VSD.Left ventriculography and transthoracic echocardiography were performed repeatedly after the procedure to assess the effect of occlusion.The echocardiography and electrocardiography were scheduled before discharge,1,6 and 12 months for the follow-up.Results The occluders were deployed successfully in 211 patients.The successful rate was 93.4%.Thin waist shape occluders,were deployed in 7 patients;equal side shape occluders,were deployed in 191 patients;eccentric shape occluders were deployed in 12 patients,and muscular defect occluders were deployed in 1 patient.There were no complications encountered during or after closure.Conclusions It is very important in transcatheter closure of congenital in children to select different shape occluder according to pathologic characteristics.In general,equal side shape occluder is suita-ble for a large number of defect and it is easy for deployment.In some conditions,the other shape occluder may be necessary.