Regulation of RUNX3 gene on RAW264.7 macrophage polarization / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the role of RUNX3 in the regulation of macrophage polarization so as to provide a new therapeutic approach for immunity-related diseases.Methods ① After RAW264.7 cells were stimulated by IFN-γ,LPS and IL-4,respectively,the expressions of their surface markers(arginase-1 and iNOS) were detected by RT-PCR to observe whether RAW264.7 cells polarized to M1 or M2 after stimulation by IFN-γ, LPS and IL-4.The cells stimulated by IFN-γ and LPS were named group M1 and those stimulated by IL-4 were group M2;the control group was group M0.② The expression of RUNX3 was detected by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR methods in each cell group(M1,M2 and M0).③ RUNX3 over-expression vector was established.The RUNX3 gene in RAW264.7 cells was silenced.Cell lines with stable expression were screened with G 418 culture medium.The expressions of cell surface markers iNOS and CD86 were detected by RT-PCR;cell secretion(TNF-α) was detected using ELESA method.Results ① Stimulation of RAW264.7 cells with IFN-γ and LPS could induce RAW264.7 cells to polarize into M1 type macrophages.The mRNA expression of iNOS in M1 group was higher than that in group M0 detected by RT-PCR(P= 0.002),while using IL-4 to stimulate RAW264.7 cells could induce RAW264.7 cells to polarize into M2 macrophages.The results of RT-PCR detection showed that the expression of arginase-1 was higher in M2 group than in group M0(P=0.021).② The expression of RUNX3 mRNA in the M1 cells group was higher than that in the M0 cells group(P= 0.001),but the expression in the M2 cells group was decreased(P=0.041).③ After silencing of RUNX3,the expressions of RAW264.7 cell surface markers CD86 and iNOS(P=0.005)and the cells secretion of TNF-α(P＜0.001)were decreased compared with those in the control group.Conclusion RUNX3 transcriptional activation may promote the differentiation of macrophages into M1 type.

Mechanisms of sorafenib induced NB4 cell apoptosis / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of sorafenib on human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell NB4 and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell NB4 was treated with different concentrations (0, 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 µmol/L) of sorafenib, the proliferation inhibitory rate of NB4 cells was assayed by MTT, the apoptosis of NB4 was determined with flow-cytomatry after treatment; after extraction of total protein, the Western blot was performed to determine the expressions of apoptosis-relatived molecules Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and MCL-1. The mRNA expressions of Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and MCL-1 were determined by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As compared with the control group, the proliferation of NB4 significantly decreased after treatment with different concentrations of sorafenib. The sorafenib significantly induced the apopotosis of NB4 cells in time- and dose-dependent manners. Furthermore, sorafenib treatment resulted in the obvious increase of the Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 protein and mRNA expressions, and down-regulated the MCL-1 protein and mRNA expressions in NB4 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sorafenib can inhibit proliferation and induce apopotosis of human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell NB4 through the expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8, and down-regulation of the expression of MCL-1.</p>

Study on the quality of life and its related factors on patients with multiple myeloma / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the quality of life and influencing factors on patients with multiple myeloma (MM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>227 MM cases were selected at 5 hospitals in Xi'an from August, 2010 to March, 2013. QLQ-C30 was used to evaluate the quality of life of MM patients, and their norms were as control. Factors which influencing the quality of life were investigated and analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total score of quality of life in MM patients was 49.0±21.7 which was lower than the norms (60.7±23.4). The scores on fatigue, nausea, vomiting, pain, short of breath, disturbance on sleeping, losing appetite, constipation, other symptoms and financial difficulty were significantly higher than data of the norms (P < 0.05). Factors as being elderly (especially those older than 70), under higher proportion of medical costs on their own expense or financial difficulty etc., had major influences on the quality of life (P < 0.05) of MM patients who in particular having worse quality of life when in worsening clinical ISS stage (P < 0.05). Low level of hemoglobin, high level of serum calcium and globulin all significantly reduced the quality of life of the MM patients (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The quality of life of MM patients was significantly lower than the normal people or patients with other tumors. Fatigue, pain, and financial difficulty were main influencing factors on the quality of life of MM patients. The assessment on the effects of treatment should relate to the improvement of hemoglobin, serum calcium and globulin, which could all improve the quality of life of MM patients.</p>

Clinical and pathological features of autoimmune hepatitis: no significant differences between genders / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>UNLABELLED</b>To explore the clinical and pathological features of male and female autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and sixty-nine AIH patients were enrolled. The clinical and histological data of the male cases were compared with the female ones.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 23 (13.6%) male patients in our study. The general status, biochemical and immunological test, and histological findings between two groups had no significant difference (P more than 0.05). The IAIHG's revised original scoring system pretreatment scores of male patients (14.4+/-2.3) were lower than that of female ones (16.6+/-2.6, Z= -3.728, P=0.000), whereas the simplified scoring system scores of male patients (7.2+/-0.8) were higher than that of female ones (6.5+/-1.2, Z=-2.372, P=0.018). There were 15 male AIH patients treated with immunosuppressive therapy, then 12 of them reached complete biochemical remission, the other three cases were incomplete response. The complete biochemical remission rate in our male cases was 80%. Median duration of remission was 3 months (95% CI 2.070-3.930 months).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There are no significant differences in clinical and pathological features of AIH between genders. The diagnosis of AIH should be suspected in male patients with any abnormality in serum aminotransferases levels. Liver biopsy examination is recommended to establish the diagnosis of AIH. The simplified criteria have good diagnostic value for male AIH patients.</p>

Validation of transient elastography (Fibroscan) in assessment of hepatic fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To validate transient elastography (Fibroscan) in assessment of hepatic fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Liver stiffness was assessed using Fibroscan in totally 30 patients with AIH. We compared the results of Fibroscan with the Scheuer fibrosis stage in liver biopsy in each patient.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>4 patients were shown as liver fibrosis stage S0, 6 as S1, 5 as S2, 11 as S3 and 4 as S4. Failure of the Fibroscan measurement occurred in 1 case (3.3%) because of her increased body mass index (BMI). The stiffness of Fibroscan was significantly correlated with the liver biopsy fibrosis stage (r = 0.801, P less than 0.001). The liver stiffnesses between mild and moderate fibrosis (S0-2) and advanced fibrosis (S3-4) were significantly different (t = -3.937, P = 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Transient elastography (Fibroscan) is a promising non-invasive method for detection of fibrosis in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Its use for the follow up and management of these patients and should be evaluated further.</p>

Clinical and pathological features of primary biliary cirrhotic patients with negative anti-mitochondria antibody / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical and pathological features of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) patients with negative anti-mitochondria antibody (AMA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundreds and eight PBC patients were enrolled. The clinical and histological data of the negative AMA cases were compared with the AMA/AMA-M2 positive cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>30 out of the 208 cases (14.4%) were AMA negative patients in our study. The general status, biochemical tests and histological findings between the two groups had no significant difference (P > 0.05). The Gamma-globulin, IgG, IgM and IgA levels of AMA/AMA-M2 positive PBC patients were higher than that of the AMA negative cases (P < 0.05). The abnormal rate of cholesterol in AMA negative PBC patients was 65.4% as compared to 50.4% in AMA/AMA-M2 positive cases, no significant difference existed between (P > 0.05). Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) was observed in 29 (96.7%) AMA negative PBC patients, including 14 (48.3%) with granular pattern, 8 (27.6%) with nuclear membrane pattern, 6 (20.7%) with kinetochore pattern and 1 (3.4%) with homogeneous pattern. AMA negative PBC patients had elevated serum ALP, GGT, IgM and cholesterol levels, and decreased serum AST, IgG and IgA levels as compared with that of autoimmune hepatitis patients (P < 0.05, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In cholestatic patients with elevated IgM and cholesterol levels, ANA positive with non-homogeneous pattern, the diagnosis of PBC should be suspected, albeit AMA negative. The clinical, biochemical and histological features of the AMA negative PBC patients were similar to classic PBC patients, but quite different from autoimmune hepatitis.</p>