Preliminary analysis of qualitative changes in suspended red blood cells under different low-pressure and hypoxic conditions / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To evaluate the quality of suspended red blood cells (SRBC) under low-pressure and hypoxic conditions, in order to lay a theoretical foundation for airline delivery, air drop and storage of SRBC on plateau. 【Methods】 The low-pressure and hypoxic conditions (0.026 MPa and 0.047 MPa) were simulated by a pressure control device. SRBC were divided into 3 groups (5 bags/group, 1.5 U/bag). Each group was stored in 0.026 MPa environment at 2℃-6℃ for 24 hours (named 0.026 MPa), in 0.047MPa environment at 2℃-6℃ for 7 days (named 0.047 MPa), and in a blood storage refrigerator at 4℃ (named the control), respectively. The storage cell characteristics were examined on day 2, 9, 14, 28 and 35. 【Results】 We found that HCT, MCV, K+, Na+, FHb, hemolytic ratio, 2, 3-DPG and rheological properties in group 0.026 MPa and 0.047 MPa were not significant different compared with that in control (P>0.05). The consumptions of Glu in group 0.026 MPa and 0.047 MPa were significantly higher (P<0.05), and a transient increase in LAC concentration of group 0.026 MPa and 0.047MPa were observed, compared to the control. 【Conclusion】 The conditions of low-pressure and hypoxia have no significant effect on the quality of suspended red blood cells.

Efficacy and Safety of A Compound Fructose-oligosaccharide Fiber Granule for Functional Constipation: A Parallel, Randomized, Controlled, Double-blind Study / 胃肠病学

Background: Dietary fiber is strongly recommended as the basic treatment for functional constipation according to global guidelines. However, a complete evaluation standard for the laxative functional food remains to be improved in China. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the laxative function of a compound fructose-oligosaccharide fiber granule, so as to provide evidence-based medical basis for the evaluation of laxative functional food. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, parallel and controlled trial with placebo as control, 120 subjects with functional constipation were enrolled in 2 clinical research centers in Beijing, and randomly divided into experimental group and control group (60 cases in each group). Subjects in experimental group were given a compound fructose-oligosaccharide fiber granule dissolved in 50 mL water orally, 1 bag (9 g) per day for 2 weeks; while those in control group were given a placebo granule with the same appearance, specification and dosage as the experimental group. The bowel movement frequency per week, defecation status and stool consistency were recorded before and after the test, and the safety tests were completed. Results: After 2 weeks of treatment, the bowel movement frequency in experimental group increased by (1.63±1.57) times per week, the stool consistency assessed by Bristol stool form scale and the difficulty in defecation were also improved as compared with the baseline (all P<0.05). Furthermore, improvements in experimental group were superior to those in control group (all P<0.05). No allergic and other adverse events were reported during the test, and there were no significant changes in blood, urine, stool routine and blood biochemical indices before and after the test. Conclusions: The compound fructose-oligosaccharide fiber granule tested in this study is proved to have laxative effect and is safety for functional constipation. The testing program is scientific and of feasibility, and may provide a methodology basis for human oral administration trials of laxative functional food.

Effect of Shenlongjiannaotang on Neurotransmitters in D-Glalactose Induced Aging Mimetic Rats / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To investigate the influence of Shenlongjiannaotang on the function of learning and memory of D-glalactose induced aging mimetic rats,and the concentrations of norepinephrine(NE),dopamine(DA) and 5-hydroxy tryptamine(5-HT) in cerebrum.Methods 50 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control group,model group,and high/middle/low dosage prescription group of Shenlongjiannaotang.The memory function was tested with Morris water maze.The concentrations of NE,DA and 5-HT were detected with HPLC with fluorescence spetrometer.Results In the model group,the latency of model mice increased,and the correct number decreased significantly compared with normal group(P<0.05).After 6 weeks administering Shenlongjiannaotang,the latency decreased and the correct number increased significantly in high dosage group,compared with those of the model group(P<0.05).The contents of NE and DA reduced in model group,and Shenlongjiannaotang could increase NE and DA contents of rats cerebrum(P<0.05).Conclusion Shenlongjiannaotang could improve the learning and memory function of D-galactose induced aging rats,which may related with the increase of NE and DA contents in cerebral tissue.The effects depend on the dosage of Shenlongjiannaotang.

Effect of xinkeshu tablet on heart rate variability in patients with coronary heart disease / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of Xinkeshu Tablet (XKS) on heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients with their diagnosis of CHD confirmed by coronary angiography were randomized into two groups equally. Besides the conventional treatment for CHD, XKS and Metoprolol were given respectively to patients in the treated group and the control group for 8 weeks. Symptoms and 24 h dynamic ECG were observed before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Episode of angina pectoris decreased obviously in both groups after treatment, from 8.8 +/- 3.2 times per week (the same hereafter) to 4.4 +/- 2.1 in the treated group (P<0.05), and from 8.4 +/- 3.1 to 3.9 +/- 2.0 in the control group (P <0.05). HRV analysis showed that after treatment the average heart rate lowered from 85.44 +/- 2.89 beat/min to 77.32 +/- 2.17 beat/min in the treated group and from 83.80 +/- 4.30 beat/min to 76.70 +/- 2.93 beat/min in the control group (both P < 0.05), showing no significant difference in extent of lowering between groups (P > 0.05). The time-domain indexes elevated in both groups, showing no statistical difference between groups (P >0.05). As for the frequency-domain indexes, low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and total power raised, while LF/HF and very low frequency lowered in both groups, but the changes were more significant in the treated group (P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>XKS could improve HRV in patients of CHD and reduce the episode of angina pectoris in them.</p>

Effects of blood-cooling and promoting drugs on rats with radiation-induced lung injury / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of blood-cooling and promoting drugs (BCPD) on the dy-namic changes of collagens and the expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) in lung tissue of rats with radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) to explore the effects and action mech-anism of BCPD in preventing and treating RILI.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and sixty Wistar female rats were ran-domly divided into the radiation group, the treatment group, the blank control group and the drug control group. The rats in the first two groups received right hemithoracic fractionated radiation, and those in the treatment group were given BCPD. Rats in the other two groups were not irradiated and BCPD was given to rats in the drug control group. The rats were sacrificed in batches (8 of each group in every batch) at the 3rd, 5th, 8th, 12th and 26th week of the experimental period, and their lung was taken for observing the dynamic changes and distribution of collagen and the expressions of IL-6 and TGF-beta with HE staining, picrosirius red staining and immunohistochemical staining respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fibroblast proliferated obviously from the 3rd week after the first radiation in the radiation group, and the type I collagen and the proportion of type I and III collagen were significantly elevated along the time going and the radiation dose increasing, became significantly higher than those in the treatment group at all the time points (P <0.01). In the radiation group the expression of IL-6 and TGF-beta reached their peaks at the 8th and 12th week, respectively, and the levels was significantly lower in the treatment than that in the radiation group at any detecting time points (P <0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BCPD applied in the early stage of radiation can suppress the inflammatory and fibrogenic cytokine expressions, inhibit the synthesis of collagens and adjust the proportion of type I and III collagen, so as to re-lieve the early-stage inflammatory reaction and the anaphase lung fibrosis in RILI rats.</p>

Experimental study on TCM symptomatological and developmental characteristics of rats with radiation-induced lung injury / 中华中医药杂志

Objectives:To explore the possibility of using experimental animal models as a new means for studying the pathogenesis and symptomatologic development of radiation-induced lung injury,and provide theoretical and experimental evidences for early prevention and treatment with the traditional Chinese medicine.Methods:80 female Wistar rats were divided randomly into the model group and control group with 40 rats in each group respectively.The rats in model group were anesthetized and fixed,and a 2cm?3cm area of the right lungs received 6mV X-ray radiation at 3Gy?2/w and a maximal 10/5w.Eight rats randomly selected from each group were sacrificed at the end of weeks of 3,5,8,12 and 26.Diagnostic techniques of TCM were employed to analyze symptomatological and developmental characteristics of TCM in radiation-induced lung injury during exposure by dynamic examination and comparison of living rats,gross lung samples and tissue sections.Results: Signs and symptoms including redness around nose and eyes,yellowish secretion,tachypnea,dry stool,lethargy,sluggishness, inactiveness were observed in model group in early stage of radiation exposure,which consistent with dominant heat in the interior and primordial qi exhaustion syndrome.Swollen lungs,bright redness on surface and red bleeding patches were observed in early stage of radiation;microscopic examination showed interstitial tissues,and readily visible congestion,hemorrhage and edema of pulmonary interstitial tissues,consistent with damaged blood collaterals by heat and blood escaping circulation syndrome.In the later stage of radiation exposure,the lungs showed dark appearance,apparent purple petechia,hard texture and poor elasticity.Microscopic examination showed remote hemorrhage foci,pulmonary capillary stasis or closure,and focal fibrotic clumps,consistent with obstruction of collaterals by blood stasis syndrome.No abnormal changes were observed in the control group.Conclusions:Animal experiments can redeem the clinical inadequacy of traditional inspection,auscultation and olfaction,interrogation and feeling pulse and palpation diagnostic techniques,modern pathological methods can be utilized to study symptomatology of traditional Chinese medicine.Symptomatological and developmental characteristics of'heat toxin impairment in radiation-induced lung injury characterized by heat damaging pulmonary collateral syndrome in early stage and pulmonary collateral stagnation syndrome in the advanced stage'can be revealed at living organism,gross lung sample and microscopic pulmonary tissue levels,thus providing theoretical basis for early prevention and treatment of radiation-induced lung injury using'cooling blood to remove apthogenic heat'.