Research Progress in Adjacent Anatomical Structure and Location of Cricothyroid Membrane / 中国医学科学院学报

Cricothyroid membrane puncture and incision,the key techniques to save the lives of the patients in the Can't Intubate,Can't Oxygenate (CICO) emergency,need to be mastered by all the airway management staff.However,the decision to carry out cricothyroid membrane puncture or incision is often delayed due to the unfamiliarity with the adjacent anatomical structure of the cricothyroid membrane and the inability to accurately locate the cricothyroid membrane.As a result,serious complications and rescue failure occur.Therefore,airway management staff should be familiar with the adjacent structure and positioning methods of the cricothyroid membrane,so as to improve the success rate of emergency airway rescue,reduce complications,and protect the airway and life safety of the patients.

Bacteriologic profile and drug resistance in children with respiratory infection from 2016 to 2018 / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the bacteriologic profile and drug resistance of respiratory infection in children, and to provide a basis for etiological diagnosis and rational use of antimicrobial agents.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for 15 047 children who attended the hospital due to respiratory infection from January 2016 to December 2018. Their sputum samples were collected, and the Phoenix-100 automatic microbial identification system was used for the identification and drug sensitivity analysis of the isolated pathogenic bacteria.@*RESULTS@#Of all 17 174 sputum samples detected, there were 2 395 positive samples, with a positive rate of 13.95%; a total of 2 584 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, among which there were 1 577 (61.03%) Gram-negative strains, 967 (37.42%) Gram-positive strains, and 40 (1.55%) fungal strains. The most common pathogen was Haemophilus influenzae (33.90%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (33.55%), Moraxella catarrhalis (19.20%), and Staphylococcus aureus (3.64%). Among the 2 331 children with positive infection, 251 had mixed infection, most commonly with Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was higher in winter and spring and lower in summer and autumn. There was a significant difference in the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria between different age groups (P<0.05), with the highest detection rate in infants aged 1 month to <1 year. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus had a sensitivity rate of 100% to vancomycin, linezolid, and teicoplanin, and Haemophilus influenzae had a lower sensitivity rate to ampicillin, compound sulfamethoxazole and cefuroxime and a higher sensitivity rate to other drugs.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the main pathogenic bacteria of respiratory infection in children, and mixed infection is the most common type of infection. The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria varies across seasons and ages. Different pathogenic bacteria have different features of drug resistance, and antibiotics should be selected based on drug sensitivity results.

Observation of curative effect of bronchoscope implantation radioactive 125I particles in the treatment of central type lung cancer with atelectasis / 天津医药

Objective To investigate short-term efficacy and safety of bronchoscope implantation radioactive 125I particle in the treatment of central type lung cancer with atelectasis.Methods Bronchoscopy implantation radioactivity 125I particles were used for treatment of 21 patients with central lung cancer.The puncture points were selected at 12:00,3:00, 6:00,9:00 on the center of the tumor surface.After penetrating into the lesions,each particle distance was kept about 0.5 cm,and 6-10 particles were implanted.The cough and gasp index were observed in patients after 2 weeks of surgery.The bronchial lumen dilatation variety was observed by bronchoscopy 1 month after surgery. The chest CT was re-checked to review the situation of atelectasis. Results The cough and gasp index were reduced 2 weeks after surgery (P<0.01). Compared with preoperation,18 cases showed bronchial lumen enlarged and 6 cases showed the lumen new biological mass disappeared completely after operation. The chest CT scan one month after surgery showed that atelectasis re-expansion completely in 13 cases,partial re-expansion in 8 cases.All of patients were followed up for 6 to 24 months,and the median survival was 12 months with less complications. Conclusion The bronchoscope implantation radioactive 125I particles are effective and safe for treatment of central type lung cancer with atelectasis.