Risk factors of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a case-control study / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the potential risk factors of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) in China.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A case-control study including 317 patients with pathologically confirmed ICC and 634 healthy individuals was conducted. The cases and controls were matched in age, sex and inhabitancy. Data were statistically analyzed by Chi-square test and conditional logistic regression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Univariate analysis showed significant difference in HBsAg seropositivity, liver cirrhosis, hepatolithiasis, choledocholithiasis and schistosomiasis between ICC patients and healthy controls (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis confirmed that HBsAg seropositivity, liver cirrhosis, hepatolithiasis and hepatic schistosomiasis were associated with ICC, and their adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) were 10.265 (6.676-15.783), 13.101 (5.265-32.604), 18.242 (3.580-92.958), 18.435 (1.930-176.082), 15.102 (4.607-49.499) and 11.820 (3.522-39.668), respectively. The incidence of hepatic cyst, cholecystolithiasis, hepatic hemangioma, fatty liver, diabetes mellitus, smoking and drinking were not significantly different between ICC patients and controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The HBV infection, liver cirrhosis, hepatolithiasis and hepatic schistosomiasis may be the risk factors for ICC in China.</p>

Development and clinical application of male human papillomavirus genotyping by membrane DNA chip / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a new method for the detection of male human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes and to investigate its clinical application value.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>With computer assistance and based on the classical common primers MY09/11, modified PGMY09/11 with 23 HPV subtypes for PCR and Genbank data on HPV, we designed probes for the simultaneous detection of 18 high-risk subtypes (HPV-16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 83 and MM4) and 5 low-risk subtypes (HPV-6, 11, 42, 43 and 44) and fixed them to the special membrane to make a DNA chip. A total of 112 male urethral samples were collected with swabs and studied for the clinical value. Meanwhile the single subtypes of HPV positive were sequenced and the standard samples detected for their sensitivity.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the total number, 25 samples were found to be HPV positive, 13 single HPV infection and 12 multiple infection. Nine HPV gene subtypes were noted in the samples: 6, 11, 16, 18, 33, 35, 43, 56 and 73, with sensitivity up to 10 copies of HPV DNA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Human papillomavirus genotyping by the membrane DNA chip is applicable to the diagnosis of male HPV infection as well as to the related epidemic and etiological investigation.</p>