Epidemiological characteristics and outbreak analysis of varicella in Huai’an City in 2013-2022 / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province from 2013-2022, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control strategies for varicella in Huai'an City. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of 2013-2022 varicella cases in Huai'an City from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and the varicella epidemic data from the public health emergency reporting management information system. Results A total of 32 325 varicella cases were reported during 2013-2022. The overall incidence rate showed an upward trend, with an obvious seasonal high incidence in winter and spring. The incidence rate in the central urban areas of all districts and counties was relatively higher. The ratio of male to female in reported cases was 1.16:1. The most cases were people aged 5-9 years old, accounting for 39.43% of the total number of cases. In terms of occupational distribution, students predominated, accounting for 54.77% of the total number of cases. From 2013 to 2022, a total of 70 public health outbreaks of varicella were reported in Huai'an, with the majority (45) occurring in primary schools, accounting for 64.29% of the total. Conclusion After the introduction of varicella into the national planned immunization program in 2023, it is recommended to increase the publicity of vaccination, carry out universal vaccination of varicella vaccine for high-risk groups such as students, and particularly increase the second dose coverage of varicella vaccine.

Swimming training in college students based on physical fitness / Treinamento de natação em universitários baseado na aptidão física / Entrenamiento de natación en estudiantes universitarios basado en la aptitud física

ABSTRACT Introduction: The current swimming training of college students does not meet the needs for physical fitness, requiring adjustments. Objective: Explore the effects of fitness-based swim training on college students. Methods: Forty volunteers from a university were recruited for the experiment, divided equally and separately by sex into groups A male, A female, B male, and B female. The exercise intensity of male group A and female group A was designed as resting heart rate + 70% * heart rate difference; that of male group B and female group B was designed as resting heart rate + 50% * heart rate difference. The experiment lasted 12 weeks, twice a week. Results: In group A, the forward bending results in the sitting position increased from 13.672 ± 5.8123 cm to 16.368 ± 4.8935 cm after the experiment, and the forward bending results in the sitting position increased from 6.079 ± 4.7637 cm to 18.236 ± 3.9650 cm. The results of both groups were better than those of group B of the same sex. Conclusion: Fitness-based swimming training for college students can improve exercise efficiency by adopting the presented protocol (resting heart rate + 70% * heart rate difference). Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: O treinamento de natação atual dos estudantes universitários não corresponde às necessidades em prol da aptidão física, necessitando de ajustes. Objetivo: Explorar os efeitos do treinamento de natação baseado na aptidão física dos estudantes universitários. Métodos: Foram recrutados 40 voluntários de uma universidade para o experimento, divididos igualmente e separadamente por sexo em grupo A masculino, A feminino, B masculino e B feminino. A intensidade de exercício do grupo masculino A e do grupo feminino A foi projetada como frequência cardíaca em repouso + 70% * diferença de frequência cardíaca; a do grupo masculino B e do grupo feminino B foi projetada como frequência cardíaca em repouso + 50% * diferença de frequência cardíaca. O experimento durou 12 semanas, duas vezes por semana. Resultados: No grupo A, os resultados de flexão para frente na posição sentada aumentaram de 13.672 ± 5.8123 cm para 16.368 ± 4.8935 cm após o experimento, os resultados de flexão para frente na posição sentada aumentaram de 6.079 ± 4.7637 cm para 18.236 ± 3.9650 cm. Os resultados de ambos os grupos foram melhores do que os do grupo B do mesmo sexo. Conclusão: O treinamento de natação baseado na aptidão física dos universitários pode melhorar a eficiência do exercício adotando o protocolo apresentado (frequência cardíaca em repouso + 70% * diferença de frequência cardíaca). Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El entrenamiento actual de natación de los estudiantes universitarios no se corresponde con las necesidades a favor de la forma física, necesitando ajustes. Objetivo: Explorar los efectos del entrenamiento de natación basado en la condición física en estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Para el experimento se reclutaron 40 voluntarios de una universidad, divididos equitativamente y por separado según el sexo en el grupo A masculino, A femenino, B masculino y B femenino. La intensidad del ejercicio del grupo masculino A y del grupo femenino A se diseñó como frecuencia cardiaca en reposo + 70% * diferencia de frecuencia cardiaca; la del grupo masculino B y del grupo femenino B se diseñó como frecuencia cardiaca en reposo + 50% * diferencia de frecuencia cardiaca. El experimento duró 12 semanas, dos veces por semana. Resultados: En el grupo A, los resultados de flexión hacia delante en posición sentada aumentaron de 13,672 ± 5,8123 cm a 16,368 ± 4,8935 cm tras el experimento, los resultados de flexión hacia delante en posición sentada aumentaron de 6,079 ± 4,7637 cm a 18,236 ± 3,9650 cm. Los resultados de ambos grupos fueron mejores que los del grupo B del mismo sexo. Conclusión: El entrenamiento de natación basado en la condición física de los estudiantes universitarios puede mejorar la eficacia del ejercicio adoptando el protocolo presentado (frecuencia cardiaca en reposo + 70% * diferencia de frecuencia cardiaca). Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Associations between various lipid components and premature myocardial infarction: a cross-sectional study / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: Hyperlipidemia is closely related to premature acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The present study was performed to explore the correlation between various blood lipid components and the risk of premature AMI. Methods: This is a cross-sectional retrospective study. Consecutive patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), who completed coronary angiography from October 1, 2020 to September 30, 2022 in our hospital, were enrolled and divided into premature AMI group (male<55 years old, female<65 years old) and late-onset AMI group. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, lipoprotein (a) (Lp (a)), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA-1), non-HDL-C/HDL-C and ApoB/ApoA-1 were analyzed. The correlation between the above blood lipid indexes and premature AMI was analyzed and compared by logistic regression, restricted cubic spline and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: A total of 1 626 patients with STEMI were enrolled in this study, including 409 patients with premature AMI and 1 217 patients with late-onset AMI. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of premature AMI increased significantly with the increase of TG, non-HDL-C/HDL-C, non-HDL-C, ApoB/ApoA-1, TC and ApoB quintiles; while LDL-C, ApoA-1 and Lp (a) had no significant correlation with premature AMI. The restricted cubic spline graph showed that except Lp (a), LDL-C, ApoA-1 and ApoB/ApoA-1, other blood lipid indicators were significantly correlated with premature AMI. The ROC curve showed that TG and non-HDL-C/HDL-C had better predictive value for premature AMI. Inconsistency analysis found that the incidence and risk of premature AMI were the highest in patients with high TG and high non-HDL-C/HDL-C. Conclusion: TG, non-HDL-C/HDL-C and other blood lipid indexes are significantly increased in patients with premature AMI, among which TG is the parameter, most closely related to premature AMI, and future studies are needed to explore the impact of controlling TG on incidence of premature AMI.

Investigation on the demand and management status quo of scientific research assistants in hospitals and analysis of their development path based on the perspective of scientific research managers / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:This study aims to explore the possible development path of hospital research assistants in China based on the cognition of the demand and management status quo from research management personnel in tertiary hospitals.Methods:62 scientific research management personnel from all over the country were surveyed, data about their cognition and the current status of scientific research assistants, that including the willingness of employ, position cognition, eligibility and competence, quantity and efficiency, management implementation, influencing factors and difficulties in team development, were collected and analyzed. Regarding to the practical needs and management status, the results were described by frequency, percentage and average score, and the rank sum test was used to verify whether there was any difference in the employment intention between the management department and the project team in the cognition of the survey subjects.Results:From the perspective of scientific research managers, there is a strong willingness at hospital level to employ the research assistant, positions require applicants with bachelor′s degree or above in medicine or other related majors. The most urgent needs are management of project funds, equipment and consumables, research integrity and ethics.The interviewees who work with research assistants think that the effect of research assistants on improving scientific research efficiency is obvious.However, the percentage of formulation of research assistants management measures is less than 40%, and the percentages of uniformly organized training and assessment are relatively low. There are still problems and challenges, such as incomplete cognition of the positioning and function, incomplete functional and vocational system, imperfect incentive mechanism and insufficient support for ability cultivation and improvement.Conclusions:It′s necessary to strengthen the top-down design of the development of scientific research assistant team and the construction of career system, improve the management basis and implementation mechanism, supporting resources should be in place, and promote capacity building system in order to develop a long-term mechanism of mutual promotion between the team building of scientific research assistants and the innovation of hospital scientific research management.

ChatGPT and medical research ethics: Debates and norms / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:Analyze the ethical issues encountered or potential in the use of ChatGPT and explore its ethical norms and requirements.Methods:Based on the ethical perspective of medical scientific research, this paper analyzed the disputes existing in ChatGPT from the perspectives of morality, fairness, responsibility and supervision, and explored the reasons for the disputes from both subjective and objective aspects.Results:ChatGPT has ethical issues, fairness issues, accountability issues, and regulatory issues.Conclusions:Ethical issues in ChatGPT should be regulated from the perspectives of people-oriented, limiting monopoly, strengthening responsibility and insisting on development, to reduce potential risks and negative effects.

Analysis of the clinical effect of single J tube of bilateral ureter through the bladder stoma to treat vesicovaginal fistula after radiotherapy of cervical cancer / 中华泌尿外科杂志

This article retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 8 patients with vesicovaginal fistula after radiotherapy for cervical cancer admitted in our hospital from January 2015 to October 2021. All of them underwent cystostomy under local anesthesia. A single J tube of bilateral ureters was retained under cystoscope, and the single J tube was introduced into the fistula bag through the cystostomy opening. All patients wore diapers for a long time before operation, and used urine pads 0-2 pieces/day after operation. QOL score was 5.3±0.5 points before operation, and 2.5±0.5 points after operation. The patient's body odor basically disappeared. The vesicovaginal fistula can be repaired by surgery, but for patients who cannot be operated or failed repeatedly due to various reasons, a single J tube of bilateral ureters can be drawn out through the cystostomy opening, which can improve the quality of life of patients through minor trauma.

Safety of minimally invasive liver resection for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma complica-ted with portal hypertension: a multicenter study / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the safety of minimally invasive liver resection for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated with portal hypertension.Methods:The propensity score matching and retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 807 patients with resectable HCC who underwent minimally invasive liver resection in 8 medical centers, including Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Affiliated with the Zhejiang University School of Medicine et al, from June 2011 to November 2022 were collected. There were 670 males and 137 females, aged 58(50,66)years. Of the 807 patients, 173 cases with portal hypertension were divided into the portal hypertension group, and 634 cases without portal hypertension were divided into the non-portal hypertension group. Observation indicators: (1) propensity score matching and comparison of general data of patients between the two groups after matching; (2) intraoperative and post-operative situations; (3) subgroup analysis. Propensity score matching was done by the 1:1 nearest neighbor matching method, with the caliper setting as 0.001. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3), and comparison between groups was conducted using the rank sum test. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Comparison of ordinal data was constructed using the non-parameter rank sun test. Results:(1) Propensity score matching and comparison of general data of patients between the two groups after matching. Of the 807 patients, 268 cases were successfully matched, including 134 cases in the portal hypertension group and 134 cases in the non-portal hypertension group. The elimination of the tumor diameter and robot-assisted surgery confounding bias ensured comparability between the two groups after propensity score matching. (2) Intraoperative and postoperative situations. The occlusion time of porta hepatis, cases with intraoperative blood transfusion, cases with postoperative complication, cases with complication >Ⅱ grade of Clavien-Dindo classification, cases of Clavien-Dindo classification as Ⅰ grade, Ⅱ grade, Ⅲ grade, Ⅳ grade, cases with liver related complication were 27.0(15.0,43.0)minutes, 33, 55, 15, 13, 29, 14, 1, 37 in the portal hypertension group, versus 35.0(22.0,60.0)minutes, 17, 25, 5, 14, 9, 4, 1, 13 in the non-portal hypertension group, showing significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups ( Z=-2.15, χ2=6.30, 16.39, 4.38, 20.72, 14.16, P<0.05). (3) Subgroup analysis. Results of subgroups analysis showed that in cases with major live resection, the operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, duration of postoperative hospital stay were 243.5(174.6,296.3)minutes, 200.0(150.0,600.0)mL, 7.5(6.0,13.0)days in the portal hypertension group, versus 270.0(180.0,314.5)minutes, 200.0 (75.0,450.0)mL, 7.0(5.5,10.0)days in the non-portal hypertension group, showing no significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups ( Z=-0.54, -1.73, -0.92, P>0.05). In cases with non-major live resection, the operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, duration of postoperative hospital stay were 170.0(120.0,227.5)minutes, 100.0(50.0,200.0)mL, 8.0(5.0,10.0)days in the portal hypertension group, versus 170.0(120.0,227.5)minutes, 100.0(50.0,200.0)mL, 7.0(5.5,9.0)days in the non-portal hypertension group, showing no significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups ( Z=-1.39, -0.10, 1.05, P>0.05). In cases with anatomical liver resection, the operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, duration of postoperative hospital stay were 210.0(150.0,285.0)minutes, 150.0(50.0,200.0)mL, 8.0(6.0,9.3)days in the portal hypertension group, versus 225.5(146.3,306.8)minutes, 100.0(50.0,250.0)mL, 7.0(6.0,9.0)days in the non-portal hypertension group, showing no significant difference in the above indica-tors between the two groups ( Z=-0.75, -0.26, -0.91, P>0.05). In cases with non-anatomical liver resection, the operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, duration of postoperative hospital stay were 173.5(120.0,231.5)minutes, 175.0(50.0,300.0)mL, 7.0(5.0,11.0)days in the portal hyper-tension group, versus 186.0(123.0,262.5)minutes, 100.0(50.0,200.0)mL, 7.0(5.0,9.5)days in the non-portal hypertension group, showing no significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups ( Z=-0.97, -1.12, -0.98, P>0.05). Conclusion:Minimally invasive liver resection or even major liver resection is safe and feasible for screened HCC patients complicated with portal hyper-tension, but attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of postoperative complications.

Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of laboratory resource allocation in 14 blood stations based on entropy weight -TOPSIS method / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the resource allocation status of blood testing laboratories in 14 blood stations in Gansu Province, explore the impact of differences in basic conditions on the comprehensive testing ability of laboratories, so as to promote the homogenization and standardization of blood screening capacity in blood stations in Gansu and improve blood safety and effectivenes. 【Methods】 An evaluation index system of laboratory resource allocation was constructed and a question-naire was designed. The data of human resources, infrastructure and key equipment of 14 blood stations were collected. The entropy weight -TOPSIS method was used to evaluate and rank the resource allocation of 14 blood stations. 【Results】 In the comprehensive evaluation of blood testing laboratory resource allocation in 14 blood stations in Gansu, the top three were laboratories A, B and I, and the last three were laboratories G, M and J. On the whole, the main issue was unreasonable structure of human resources: most laboratories had unreasonable age structure; except for Laboratory A, there was no personnel with bachelor's degree or above in laboratories; most laboratories had not established a team with intermediate professional titles. In terms of infrastructure, the size of seven laboratories could not meet the needs of modern laboratory testing, and all eight blood stations had no spare nucleic acid laboratories nor a mutual spare laboratory with other blood stations As for the key equipment, 5 laboratories had no automatic blood grouping diagnostic instrument, 5 laboratories only had one set of enzyme immunoassay detection system, 3 laboratories had no spare equipment for the key equipment, which means if the equipment failure could not be repaired in time, the release of results would be affected. 【Conclusion】 There were significant differences in human resources, infrastructure and key equipment of blood testing laboratories in 14 blood stations in Gansu, which had a great impact on laboratory testing capacity and subsequent development. It is suggested that governments at all levels and health administrative departments optimize the input of laboratory resource allocation according to the blood collection volume of blood stations to gradually narrow the differences in resource distribution between different regions, improve the degree of laboratory automation and optimize the personnel structure, so as to build high-quality and efficient blood testing laboratories and ensure the safety of clinical blood use.

Clinical practice guidelines and real-life practice in hepatocellular carcinoma: A Chinese perspective

Liver cancer is the fourth most prevalent and the second most lethal cancer in China. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection represents a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver ultrasonography plus alpha-fetoprotein every 6 months continues to be the predominant surveillance modality. The age-Male-ALBI-Platelets score was recommended in the recent 2022 Chinese guidelines to predict HCC occurrence. The Chinese liver cancer (CNLC) staging system proposed in the 2017 guidelines continues to be the standard model for staging with modifications in the treatment allocations. Considering the aggressive nature of HBV-associated HCC, multimodal and high-intensity strategies like the addition of immunotherapy-based systemic treatment to local therapies, including resection, ablation, and intra-arterial therapies, have been adopted in real-life practices in China. The latest Chinese guidelines recommend atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, suntilimab plus a bevacizumab analog, lenvatinib, sorafenib, donafenib, and FOLFOX (folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin) chemotherapy as first-line treatment without priority. Regorafenib, apatinib, camrelizumab, and tislelizumab have been added as second-line systemic therapies for patients who progressed on sorafenib. Systemic therapies adopted in real-life practice are sophisticated with various combination modalities and different sequences.

Clinical application of targeted sealing with high viscosity bone cement and secondary injection of low viscosity bone cement in vertebroplasty / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical efficacy of targeted sealing with high viscosity bone cement and secondary injection of low viscosity bone cement in the treatment of OVCFs patients with the fracture lines involved vertebral body margin.@*METHODS@#The elderly patients who underwent vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures from January 2019 to September 2021 were selected as the screening objects. Through relevant standards and further CT examination, 56 patients with fracture lines involving the anterior wall or upper and lower endplates of the vertebral body were selected for the study. There were 21 males and 35 females, aged from 67 to 89 years old with an average of (76.58±9.68) years. All 56 patients underwent secondary injection of bone cement during operation. Only a small amount of high viscosity cement was targeted to seal the edge of the vertebral body for the first time, and low viscosity cement was injected to the vertebral bodies during second bolus with well-distributed. The operation time, bone cement volume and bone cement leakage were recorded, and the pain relief was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS).@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for more than 3 months and the surgeries were successfully complete. The operation time was (50.41±10.30) min and the bone cement volume was (3.64±1.29) ml. The preoperative VAS was (7.21±2.41) points, which decreased significantly to (2.81±0.97) points 3 days after operation(P<0.05). Among the 56 patients, 2 cases(3.57%) had bone cement leakage, 1 case leaked to the paravertebral vein, and 1 case slightly bulged to the paravertebral through the crack when plugging the vertebral crack. Both patients had no obvious clinical symptoms.@*CONCLUSION@#In vertebroplasty surgery, targeted sealing of high viscosity bone cement and secondary injection of low viscosity bone cement can reduce intraoperative bone cement leakage and improve the safety of operation.

Abnormal cortical surface-based spontaneous and functional connectivity in the whole brain in lifelong premature ejaculation patients / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Recent research has highlighted structural and functional abnormalities in the cerebral cortex of patients with premature ejaculation (PE). These anomalies could play a pivotal role in the physiological mechanisms underlying PE. This study leveraged functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), a noninvasive technique, to explore these neural mechanisms. We conducted resting-state fMRI scans on 36 PE patients and 22 healthy controls (HC), and collected data on Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) scores and intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT). Employing a surface-based regional homogeneity (ReHo) approach, we analyzed local neural synchronous spontaneous activity, diverging from previous studies that utilized a volume-based ReHo method. Areas with significant ReHo differences between PE and HC groups underwent surface-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis. Significant discrepancies in ReHo and FC across the cortical surface were observed in the PE cohort. Notably, PE patients exhibited decreased ReHo in the left triangular inferior frontal gyrus and enhanced ReHo in the right middle frontal gyrus. The latter showed heightened connectivity with the left lingual gyrus and the right orbital superior frontal gyrus. Furthermore, a correlation between ReHo and FC values with PEDT scores and IELT was found in the PE group. Our findings, derived from surface-based fMRI data, underscore specific brain regions linked to the neurobiological underpinnings of PE.

Identification of a novel splice site mutation in the DNAAF4 gene of a Chinese patient with primary ciliary dyskinesia / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare hereditary orphan condition that results in variable phenotypes, including infertility. About 50 gene variants are reported in the scientific literature to cause PCD, and among them, dynein axonemal assembly factor 4 ( DNAAF4 ) has been recently reported. DNAAF4 has been implicated in the preassembly of a multiunit dynein protein essential for the normal function of locomotory cilia as well as flagella. In the current study, a single patient belonging to a Chinese family was recruited, having been diagnosed with PCD and asthenoteratozoospermia. The affected individual was a 32-year-old male from a nonconsanguineous family. He also had abnormal spine structure and spinal cord bends at angles diagnosed with scoliosis. Medical reports, laboratory results, and imaging data were investigated. Whole-exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, immunofluorescence analysis, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and in silico functional analysis, including protein modeling and docking studies, were used. The results identified DNAAF4 disease-related variants and confirmed their pathogenicity. Genetic analysis through whole-exome sequencing identified two pathogenic biallelic variants in the affected individual. The identified variants were a hemizygous splice site c.784-1G>A and heterozygous 20.1 Kb deletion at the DNAAF4 locus, resulting in a truncated and functionless DNAAF4 protein. Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that the inner dynein arm was not present in the sperm flagellum, and sperm morphological analysis revealed small sperm with twisted and curved flagella or lacking flagella. The current study found novel biallelic variants causing PCD and asthenoteratozoospermia, extending the range of DNAAF4 pathogenic variants in PCD and associated with the etiology of asthenoteratozoospermia. These findings will improve our understanding of the etiology of PCD.

Expert consensus on clinical drug prevention and treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head(2022) / 中国骨伤

With the in-depth understanding of osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH), and more and more patients seeking medical treatment in the early stage of the disease, surgical treatment of femoral head necrosis alone is no longer sufficient for the current treatment of patients' demand, how to rationally and effectively apply drugs to strengthen the early prevention and treatment of femoral head necrosis and delay the progression of disease is becoming more and more important. This article combines the latest expert consensus and evidence-based medical evidence on the principles of ONFH diagnosis and treatment in Chinese and Western medicine at home and abroad, combined with domestic actual clinical application experience, and is organized by experts from Association Related to Circulation Osseous Chinese Microcirculation Society (CSM-ARCO) to write this consensus, focusing on the types of ONFH drugs, the characteristics, safety, rationality and basic principles of drug use provide reference opinions for the safe, reasonable, standardized and effective drug use of medical institutions at all levels. This consensus is only an expert guideline based on literature and clinical experience, not as a requirement for mandatory implementation, let alone as a legal basis. The clinical practice could be tailored to the actual local conditions to develop appropriate prevention and treatment measures for patients.

Hospital logistics management in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic——A Case Study of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), known as COVID-19 for short, is a new infectious disease that spreads rapidly. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, the global epidemic situation is still grim. It is necessary for a comprehensive grade triple-A hospital to strictly control the transmission risk in the hospital and ensure the life and health safety of medical staff, other patients and accompanying staff, in addition to fulfilling its responsibility of treating COVID-19 patients. In this context, unprecedented challenges have been posed to the routine work flow of the hospital, including personnel management, system construction, supply and logistics support, and infection control. The paper summarizes the experience in hospital logistics support management, aiming at exploring strategies for coping with the COVID-19 epidemic.

Diagnostic value of glycoprotein in liver cancer / 中华检验医学杂志

Primary liver cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor and the second leading cause of tumor death in China. The development of novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer patients is important to improve the survival rate. The most common tumor biomarkers in clinical practice are glycoproteins currently. With omics technologies, the clinically significant glycoproteomics and glycomics for liver cancer diagnosis are discovered. In this article, a variety of glycobiomarkers were summarized. Methods, problems and challenges for clinical detection are posed. The relevant techniques of glycoprotein research, including high-throughput omics method and single glycoprotein detection are discussed, as well as potential liver cancer glycoprotein markers based on these techniques. The potential application of the glycoproteins in the clinical diagnosis of liver cancer is also considered.

Immunotherapy for hepacellular carcinoma: where there is hope, there is brightness / 中华消化外科杂志

China has about half of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients worldwide, and the efficay of targeted therapy and systematic chemotherapy for HCC is limited. The treatment stategies based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) bring hope to patients. Especially, the success of ICIs plus anti-angiogenic drugs as the first-line treatment in HCC open the combinational immunotherapy model for HCC, which inludes targeted therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, oncolytic virotherapy and another immunotherapy. However, most patients do not derive benefits from these agents or combinational treatments, due to innate and acquired immune resistance. The authors elaborate on hot and difficult subjects of immunotherapy for HCC, and formulate the potential striving direction. It is critical to understand the determinants driving response, resistance and adverse effects to optimize the implementation of precision immunotherapy. Overall manage-ment of HCC patients with multidesciplinary team and high integration should be strengthened. More effective immunotherapeutic strategies may be achieved though deeper understanding of the underlying immune biology, targeted drug development and new comprehensive strategies. All the above efforts are for aims and missions of"Healthy China 2030".

Correlation between meibomian gland dysfunction and serum lipid in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the correlation between meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)and serum lipid in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS: A case-control study was performed which recruited 184 patients with T2DM admitted to hospital from July 2020 to October 2021. After completing the ocular surface examination, subjects were divided into MGD group(94 cases)and control group(90 cases)according to whether MGD was combined. The body mass index(BMI), fasting blood glucose(FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c), total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were examined for the condition of meibomian glands and collected between the two groups of patients. The relationship between MGD and blood lipid levels was compared between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of MGD.RESULTS: The HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL-C in MGD group were 8.30%±1.95%, 5.72±1.21, 2.16±1.05, 3.42±1.10mmol/L, all significantly higher than control group(7.26%±1.18%, 4.82±1.19, 1.48±0.71, 2.75±1.00mmol/L, all P&#x003C;0.001), there were no statistically significant in HDL-C between the two groups(P&#x003E;0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors for the onset of MGD was significantly associated with higher blood levels of TC(OR: 5.846; 95%CI: 1.867-18.306; P&#x003C;0.001)and the higher blood levels of TG(OR: 5.822; 95%CI: 2.654-12.774; P=0.002).CONCLUSION: T2DM patients with MGD are related to a number of dyslipidemias, and the TC hyperlipidemia and TG hyperlipidemia are significantly associated with an increase risk of MGD in patients with T2DM.

Research progress on the relationship between intestinal flora and mild cognitive impairment / 中国综合临床

Changes in the composition and ratio of the gut microbes may be associated with many diseases, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MCI includes amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment (non-aMCI). AMCI translates into Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk is higher, so aMCI may be the best stage for the prevention of AD in the future. Studies have shown that modulating the gut microbiota in patients with aMCI can improve their cognitive function.

Effects of Suspension Exercise Therapy Combined with Soft Tissue Manipulation on Upper Limb Sensory Function in Patients with Radicular Cervical Spondylosis / 医用生物力学

bjective To observe the changes of upper extremity sensory function in patients with radicular cervical spondylosis and evaluate the treatment effect, by using the method of suspension exercise therapy (SET) and soft tissue manipulation. Methods A total of 72 patients with cervical spondylosis were divided into observation group (treated by SET combined with manipulation)and control group (treated by purely cervical traction) by simple random method. Both groups received 4-week continuous treatment for 6 times per week. The somatosensory evoked potential(SEP), current perception threshold (CPT) before and after the treatment in two groups were separatedly tested, and changes in visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores of the affected limbs were examined, so as to determine the effective rate of treatment. Results After treatment, the latency of SEP was shortened mainly in brachial plexus potential N9 and cervical spinal potential N13 in two groups (P<0.05). The CPT levels and the VAS pain scores of the affected limbs were reduced in two groups (P<0.01), and the treatment effect in observation group was better that in control group (P<0.01)．Conclusion SET combined with soft tissue manipulation can effectively promote the repair of nerve sense function of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.

Epidemiological investigation of a coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic and emergency response in Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Objective To analyze the epidemiological investigation results and emergency response to a coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） epidemic in Shanghai. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to describe the epidemiological characteristics， such as population， time and spatial distribution of a COVID-19 epidemic on January 20， 2021 in Huangpu District of Shanghai. The advantages and disadvantages of the emergency response to this epidemic were analyzed. Results All of the 22 cases were found by active screening， which included high-risk population screening （18.2%， 4/22）， medium-risk area screening （9.1%， 2/22）， and close contact population screening （72.7%，16/22）. The first 2 cases were detected by routine nucleic acid screening for staff in two hospitals. The confirmed cases appeared mostly during the first 3 days of the epidemic （45.5%，10/22）， and mainly distributed in the neighborhood C of Huangpu district. There were 6 key locations or regions of Huangpu District involved in this epidemic， and different control measures were adopted in these different regions according to the risk assessments. After precise epidemic prevention and control， it took only 14 days from the first to the last confirmed case of this epidemic （from January 21， 2021 to February 4， 2021）， and no new related cases appeared afterwards. Conclusion Active screening and early finding of COVID-19 cases play a key role in timely control of the epidemic， with the smallest cost， the highest efficiency and the most limited urban impact.