Essence of acupoints and meridians based on the studies of myofascial trigger points / 中国针灸

Based on the modern anatomy and physiology, the referred pain of myofascial trigger points of each muscle is integrated; compared with the twelve meridians as well as conception vessel and governor vessel, the similarity of their position and running course is observed. With the current research progress of myofascial trigger points and fasciology, based on the running course of referred pain of trigger points, combined with fascia mechanics, nerve and vascular, the location of acupoints and meridians, as well as the relationship between acupoints and meridians, are discussed.

Role of YAP in the proliferation of lung cancer A549 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide / 医学研究生学报

Objective Chronicinflammation is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumor , but the specific mechanism is still unknown .The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) on the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma A 549 cells and the role YAP in the process . Methods CCK-8 was used to detect the proliferation of A 549 cells stimulated by different concentrations of LPS .Western-blot ( WB) and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression and local-ization of YAP protein, respectively.Inhibition rate of target protein and mRNA was measured by WB and RT-PCR respectively after inhibiting the expression of YAP by siRNA .After inhibiting the expression of YAP , the cell proliferation of A 549 stimulated with LPS was detected by CCK-8 again. Results After treatment with LPS for 72 h, the A values increased significantly (P<0.05) after treat-ment with 0.01, 0.1, and 1μg/mL compared with those treated with 0μg/mL LPS.The cell proliferation ability remained the strongest af-ter treatment with 0.1 μg/mL LPS.Western blot analysis showed that compared with 0μg/mL, all the LPS treated A549 cells could up-reg-ulate the expression of YAP protein ( P<0.05) at 48 h.Andthe 0.1μg/mL LPS was the most obvious .The results of RT-PCR showed that the expression of YAP mRNA in YAP siRNA1 group, YAP siRNA2 group and YAP siRNA3 group was significantly lower than that in blank group (P<0.05).Compared with NC siRNA group, the ex-pression of YAP mRNA in YAP siRNA1 group,YAP siRNA2 group and YAP siRNA3 group was significantly decreased (P<0.05).The result of Western blot was consistent with that of RT-PCR.YAP siRNA could significantly inhibit the expression of YAP protein in A549 cells.And the inhibition rate of YAP siRNA1 was the highest (P<0.05).Compared with the control group, A549 cells were sig-nificantly proliferated in LPS group at 24, 48 and 72 h (1.17±0.08 vs 1.47±0.08, 1.95±0.16 vs 2.35±0.07, 2.46±0.07 vs 3.01±0.08, P<0.05).Compared with LPS group, the proliferation of A549 cells in YAP siRNA+LPS group at 48 and 72 h (1.92±0.15, 2.38± 0.07) was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Our work suggested that low concentration of LPS promoted the prolifera-tion of A549 cells by enhancing the expression of YAP , and these results would provide a new theoretical basis for the mechanism of LPS-induced proliferation of lung cancer cell .

Clinical observation of effectiveness in the treatment of senile knee osteoarthritis with the inactivation of myofascial trigger points---108 cases reports / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study clinical treatment effects of inactivating myofascial trigger points with needling and muscle stretching for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(OA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective analyses were made to investigate the clinical data of pain clinic outpatient in our hospital from 2010 to 2014, and 108 patients with knee OA, including 35 males and 73 females, were treated with acupuncturing of myofascial trigger points and stretching of muscles and structure around knee. The puncturing of trigger points, and the back and forth movement of needle were required to elicit local twitch response of muscle. After acupuncture treatment, muscle stretch around the knee joint was performed by a therapist. All patients must do homework of self stretching exercise. The extent of stretching should be to gradually increased under a tolerable pain. The ROM and walking pain VAS scores were measured before and after whole therapy and were statistically analyzed during 1 year of follow up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up, and 95 patients had no pain after 1 year. The VAS scores were improved from preoperative severe 7.6±0.5, moderate 4.9±0.7, to mild 1.9±0.6 and painless 0.3±0.2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The walking pain of knee OA might be alleviated by the acupuncture and stretch to inactivate the myofascial trigger point.</p>

Effect of licorice flavonoids on kainic acid-induced seizure in mice / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of licorice flavonoid (LF) on kainic acid (KA)-induced seizure in mice and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male adult ICR mice were injected with 25 mg/kg KA to induce temporal lobe seizure. LF was administrated 7 d before seizure induction (pre-treatment) or 24 h after seizure induction (post-treatment) for 7 d. Acute seizure latency, seizure stage and duration were observed and compared between LF- and vehicle-treated mice. From d2 on, mice with status epilepticus were video-monitored for spontaneous seizures, 10 h/d for 6 w. Immunohistochemical analysis of BrdU and Timm staining was conducted to detect the neurogenesis and mossy fiber sprouting, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant difference was observed in acute seizure latency, seizure stage and duration between LF-and vehicle-treated mice. KA-induced acute seizure resulted in spontaneous seizure in mice, and the seizure frequency was increased with time. Pre- and post-treatment with LF decreased seizure frequency from w3 after modeling [(0.58±0.15)/d, (0.38±0.38)/d vs (1.23±0.23)/d, P <0.05]. Furthermore, KA-induced seizure resulted in robust neurogenesis and mossy fiber sprouting, while treatment with LF both pre- and post- KA injection significantly inhibited neurogenesis (15.6±2.6, 17.1±3.1 vs 28.9±3.5, P <0.05) and mossy fiber sprouting (1.33±0.31, 1.56±0.42 vs 3.0±0.37, P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>LF has no significant anti-seizure effect. However, it can decrease epileptogenesis through inhibition of neurogenesis and mossy fiber sprouting.</p>

Design consideration and implementation outcomes of the long-term medical care insurance / 中华医院管理杂志

Based on the urban residents' basic medical insurance system in Qingdao,with hospitals,community aging care institutions and families as the carriers,Qingdao city explored and implemented the long-term medical care insurance system(LTMCI),and established mechanisms for fundraising,payment,handling,service and supervision.The city also designed a scientific application and reimbursement process.Three service modes are designed and put into practice as follows:Long-term care in designated nursing homes or pension institutions; Medical care at designated hospitals; and home health care.These services are charged by quota-lump per bed per day,with the reimbursement ratio of 96％,90％ and 96％ respectively.A practice over a year proved the LTMCI as effectively alleviating disease burden of patients,and guiding long-term care to serve communities.This way a new type of medical care system comes into being,with medicine-care-recovery-endowment for disabled population.

EMG characteristics of lower extremities during movement of white crane spreads its wings in Tai Chi Quan / 医用生物力学

Objective To analyze how the athletes control postural balance through observing their joint angular motion change，center of pressure (COP) change and EMG activities of lower extremities for both athletes and beginners when performing the movement of white crane spreads its wings in Tai Chi Quan. Methods Twenty subjects were divided into 2 groups as 10 athletes and 10 beginners of Tai Chi Quan in each. When performing the movement of white crane spreads its wings, their EMG activities of 10 skeletal muscles, two-dimensional angular motion of 3 large joints in bilateral lower extremities, and COP displacements in lateral and anterior-posterior directions were recorded. Each performing trial took 8 seconds and repeated 5 times. All data were statistically processed for EMG, motion and balance analysis, and the EMG data were normalized to compare the differences between the athletes and beginners of Tai Chi Quan. Results The EMG activities of tibialis anterior(Ta), biceps femur(bF), gluteus medium(Gm) in support leg of athletes were significantly greater than those of the ipsilateral muscles in support leg of beginners, and the same was the EMG activities of gastrocnemius (G) and rectus femur（rF) in virtual leg of athletes compared with the beginners. The maximal average angular motion of 3 large joints and the coxa -joint motion of support leg in athletes were both significantly greater than that in beginners, but the anterior-posterior COP displacement in athletes was significantly smaller than that in beginners. Conclusions When performing the movement of white crane spreads its wings in Tai Chi Quan, athletes could oppose the COP change by enhancing muscle activities to maintain the postural balance, while beginners couldn’t make such active muscle activities against the uncontrolled anterior-posterior COP displacement. This may preliminarily explain the reason why Tai Chi Quan exercise can improve the muscle strength in lower extremities and enhance the ability of postural control.

Patterns for EMG activity of trunk muscles during front and back lifting and lowering with two hands / 医用生物力学

Objective To observe electromyography (EMG) activity and kinematic characteristics of the dorsal and ventral muscles during extension-flexion of the trunk． Methods Ten healthy male subjects stood on a test platform, performing the front and back lifting and lowering. The EMG activity of 10 muscles (rectus abdominus, external oblique, gluteus medius, erector spinae, multifidus), the angular movement, the plantar center of pressure (COP) were recorded at the same time. The average amplitude of EMG, contribution ratio of muscles, and COP displacement were calculated, and statistical analyses of all the data were conducted． Results During front lifting and lowering, the activity of dorsal muscles was greater than that of ventral muscles under both loading and unloading, and the contribution ratio of dorsal muscles was increasing with loading. During back lifting and lowering, the activity of ventral muscles was slightly greater, but the contribution ratio of both dorsal and ventral muscles was very close. The contribution ratio of ventral muscles was increasing with loading, while the activity of dorsal muscles decreased. The activity of gluteus medius was increasing with loading, but the contribution ratio was basically consistent under both loading and unloading. Conclusions During extension-flexion of the trunk, muscle activation varies with the load size and trunk position. Under loading at front, dorsal muscles are working as an agonist, while ventral muscles as antagonist; under loading at back, ventral muscles become an agonist and dorsal muscles as a co-activator. The activity of gluteus medius might play a role of stabilization during front and back lifting and lowering.

Practice of the intensive disciplines management for a hospitals group / 中华医院管理杂志

A systematic summary of the concept and operational mechanism of the intensive disciplines management in a hospitals group,and that of the intensive disciplines management for hospitals groups,as well as a comparison of the differences found in department service capacity,service quality,discipline development and patient satisfaction before and after the intensive discipline management is in place.The practice proved that the departments practicing intensive management have witnessed significant rise in outpatient headcount,hospitalization headcount and surgical operation headcount.Their weight in the group is also higher.For example,their curative rate and rescue success rate of dubious and acute diseases higher than before (P＜ 0.05).The Group has 8 provincial key medicine-specialties,including 5 intensive management departments.It has 8 provincial key clinicaldisciplines,including 2 intensive management departments.The overall patient satisfaction for service of such departments is 92.1％,the satisfaction for convenience is 84.4％,that for service quality 90.0％,that for service attitude 92.5％,and that for medical service experience is 89.5％.All of which are significantly higher than that those on their admission to the hospital.The intensive management has enabled unified management of internal medicine and surgery of the same profession in the campus,integrated workforces of both internal medicine and surgery department along with those of medical technicians.In addition,it has enhanced departmental service capacity and quality,discipline competence,as well as outpatients' convenience,patients' satisfaction and medical experience.

Movement of trunk and surface electromyography under symmetric loading and unloading with static posture / 医用生物力学

Objective To observe the electromyography (EMG) activities and kinematic characteristics of the back, abdomen and hip muscles under the static symmetric loading and unloading with the flexion and extension posture. Methods Six healthy male subjects stood on a specially designed testing platform, doing flexion/extension under symmetric loading and unloading, respectively. Each trial lasted 4 seconds and was repeated 3 times. The EMG activities of 10 muscles(rectus abdominis，obliquus externus abdominis，erector spinae，multifidus，gluteus Medius), the 3D angular movement, the plantar COP (center of pressure) were recorded during the trial.The normalized EMG, trunk angle and COP displacement were calculated, and statistical analyses of all data were made. Results Muscle activities of the back were greater (10.47~16.94) with flexion both under loading and unloading. Muscle activities of the abdomen were greater with extension under unloading, and those of the back (3.70~17.95) and hip (6.64~11.52) were increasing under loading, with muscle activities of the abdomen decreasing (10.66~4.18). The flashing trunk numbers was increased with the increase of loading, especially 1.55-time increase in the trunk angle. The COP displacement in anterior posterior direction was shifted greater than that in lateral direction, and this shift was more during flexion (14.60) than that during extension (7.65).Conclusions Extension increases the activities of back muscles, especially for multifidus, and it also increases the torso angular displacement and flashing trunk numbers, especially under loading.

Inhibitory effects of BIO-1211 on bronchoconstriction and neutrophil adhesion in rats / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the inhibitory effects of BIO-1211, a very late antigen-4 (vla-4) antagonist, on bronchoconstriction and neutrophil adhesion in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>For evaluating ovalbumin-induced bronchoconstriction in the sensitized rats, the changes in lung resistance (RL) and lung dynamic compliance (C(dyn)) were determined after antigen challenge. Neutrophils from the rats were used to determine fibronectin and serum-induced cell adhesion. The effect of BIO-1211 on wheezing was determined after inhalation of histamine and acetylcholine in guinea pigs.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>BIO-1211 aerosol at 1, 3 and 10 mg/ml significantly inhibited the changes in lung resistance and lung dynamic compliance after antigen challenge in the sensitized rats in a dose-dependent manner. BIO-1211 at 25, 50, 100 and 200 microgram/ml inhibited the fibronectin-induced neutrophil adhesion by 23.5%, 24.6%, 61.4% and 58.1%, respectively, and serum-induced adhesion by 29.9%, 35.9%, 35.3% and 15.4%, respectively. Inhalation of 10 mg/ml BIO-1211 did not show any protection against histamine and acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BIO-1211 inhibits bronchoconstriction and neutrophil adhesion, which may be associated with its effect against bronchoconstriction in rats.</p>

Immunoregulatory effects of pertussis protein on allergic asthma in mouse / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the immunoregulatory effects of pertussis protein on airway inflammatory, IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids(BALF) and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in the sensitized mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The sensitized mice were reexposed to ovalbumin and the airway response to methacholine injection was monitored. Inflammatory cells and cytokines IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio in BALF were measured. Lung tissue specimens were collected for histological examination.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Intramuscular injection or intranasal instillation of pertussis protein inhibited changes in lung resistance and lung dynamic compliance, upregulated IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio and decreased eosinophil accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. Pathological examination showed that goblet cell hyperplasia and inflammatory cells infiltration in lung tissue were suppressed by pertussis protein.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pertussis protein inhibits the inflammation and regulates the function of lungs in asthma mice, suggesting its potential application in treatment of asthma.</p>

Shengdi injection on rat model of lung inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Shengdi injection on rat model of lung inflammation.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The rat model was established by intratrachea instillation of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The total and different white blood cell counts in bronchoalvoelar lavage fluid (BALF) were performed and the level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), superoxide anion radical (O2-) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) was measured, as well as pathologic change of pulmonary tissue was tested.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Shengdi injection could depress the increasing of the amount of total white blood cells and neutrophils and inhibit the increasing of TNF-alpha, O2-, MPO caused by LPS, as well as relieve the pathologic change including Neutrophils infiltrating and mucous edema in tracheae after intravenous administration. While it did not show the effect on monocyte, and histological lesion of the lung tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Shengdi injection shows some anti-inflammatory effect in rat lung induced by LPS and it can be concluded tentatively that anti-inflammatory, inhibiting the release of cytokine and inflammatory medium, and antioxidation are some of the mechanism of its effect on COPD.</p>

Desensitization of dust mite drops on antigen-specific asthmatic reaction in guinea pigs / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To establish an antigen-specific asthmatic model of guinea pig induced by protein antigen extracted from Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f), and study the desensitization of dust mite drops (DMD, extracted from Der f) in a dose progressive manner and long-term sublingual administration.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To sensitize the guinea pigs, the protein antigen emulsified in aluminium hydroxide gel was subcutaneously and intraperitoneally injected. To observe early-phase reaction of asthma, lung resistance (R(L)) and lung dynamic compliance (Cdyn) in the sensitized guinea pigs were determined by intravenously injecting antigen. To observe late-phase reaction of asthma, the sensitized guinea pigs were challenged with aerosolized antigen for 7 days. Subsequently, methacholine (Mch) in a cumulative dose-manner induced-airway hyperreactivity (AHR), inflammatory cells numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and pathological changes of lung tissue were measured in the model. From the first day of sensitization, the guinea pigs in treatment group sublingually received DMD in a dose progressive manner. The model group sublingually received equivalent saline. The normal control group did not receive any treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The guinea pigs in model group showed a significant increase in R(L) and decrease in Cdyn, and developed a marked AHR to Mch. The number of total leukocytes and eosinophils increased significantly in BALF. Serious infiltration of eosinophils was observed in pathological section of lung tissue. Compared with model group, DMD treatment group exhibited a significant amelioration for early-phase and late-phase reaction of asthma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DMD in a dose progressive manner and long-term sublingual administration displays a significant desensitization on Der f antigen-specific asthmatic reaction. The results provided experimental evidence for clinical therapy.</p>

A clinical analysis of intensive gastrointestinal lavage method for treatment of 100 severe cases with stress ulcer bleeding in neurosurgery department / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To discuss the intensive gastric cavitary lavage method in treatment of stress ulcer bleeding(SUB).Methods The therapeutic effects of 100 patients with severe SUB in intensive care unit (ICU)from July 2005 to February 2008 treated with intensive gastric cavity lavage method were observed and analyzed.Results In these 100 cases,the bleeding was stopped successfully in 97 cases,the therapeutic effective rate being 97%;there were 17 cases died of complicated pulmonary infection(17%)and 3 cases of bleeding(3%),the total fatality rate being 20%.All the other cases were cured.Conclusion Intensive gastrointestinal lavage therapy is an effective method as acid inhibitor for treatment of SUB,but it can decrease the inhabitant flora in the stomach to pass through gastric-pulmonary route,thus the incidence of pulmonary infection was reduced.

Effect of inhaled cyclosporin A on antigen-induced airway inflammation in asthmatic rats / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effect of inhalation of cyclosporin (CsA) on antigen-induced airway inflammation in Sprague-Dawley rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were sensitized with antigen (ovalbumin, OA). After two weeks, the sensitized rats were pretreated with aerosol CsA (5, 10, 20 g x L(-1)), once per day for 7 days. Then, the sensitized rats were challenged with OA (10 g x L(-1), once per day) for 2 days at day 20 after sensitization. The number of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood, histological changes of lung tissue, and TNF-alpha content in BALF were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Inhalation of CsA significantly reduced the number of eosinophils in BALF and peripheral blood, inflammatory infiltration and tissue edema of lung tissue, decreased the content of TNF-alpha in BALF.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Inhalation of CsA inhibited airway inflammation in rats, and the mechanism is related to inhibition of TNF-alpha release.</p>

Effect of Cryptoporus volvatus (Peck) Schear on leukotriene production from polymorphonuclear leukocytes in rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study action of Cryptoporus volvatus ferment substance (CVFS) on leukotriene production of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The level of slow reaction substance (SRS) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in rats in vitro were determined with bioassay and HPLC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CVFS 0.9, 2.7 g.kg-1 by ig significantly inhibited SRS and LTB4 production in PMNs in rats in vivo.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The inhibition effect of CVFS on SRS and LTB4 release may be related to its mechanism of anti-inflammation and anti-asthma.</p>

Effects of cyclosporin A aerosol on airway hyperresponsiveness in rats / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study cyclosporin A (CsA) aerosol for anti-airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in sensitized rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sensitized Sprague-Dawley rats were given cyclosporin A (5, 20 g.L-1) and sodium cromoglycate (SCG, 20 g.L-1) by aerosol (5 min per day), dexamethasone (DXM, 0.5 mg.kg-1) i.p. once per day for 7 d before antigen challenge. The respiratory resistance(R(aw)) and lung dynamic compliance(Cdyn) of the rats induced by methacholine (Mch) were measured 24 h after ovalbumin(OA) challenge. The PC50 changes of R(aw) and PC25 changes of Cdyn were also investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pretreatment with CsA, sodium cromoglycate and dexamethasone inhibited the increase of R(aw) and decrease of Cdyn caused by inhaling Mch. The value of R(aw) PC50 in the CsA(5 g.L-1) group 5.6 g.L-1, the CsA(20 g.L-1) group 6.4 g.L-1, the SCG group 8.3 g.L-1 and the DXM group 9.2 g.L-1, was significantly higher than that of the model group 1.9 g.L-1 (P < 0.05). The value of Cdyn PC25 in the CsA(5 g.L-1) group 4.3 g.L-1, the CsA(20 g.L-1) group 5.4 g.L-1, the SCG group 6.4 g.L-1 and the DXM group 6.2 g.L-1, was significantly higher than that of the model group 1.1 g.L-1 (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Anti-AHR of CsA by aerosol in animal model offered an experimental evidence for topical inhalation of CsA in treatment of asthma.</p>

Effects of BIO-1211 on eosinophil chemotaxis, recruitment and mediator release / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of very late antigen(VLA) antagonist BIO-1211 on eosinophil chemotaxis, recruitment and mediator release.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eosinophil chemotaxis was induced by platelet activating factor(PAF) in vitro and eosinophil recruitment and release were determined in vivo.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>VLA antagonist BIO-1211 inhibited eosinophil chemotaxis induced by PAF. The inhibitory rates at 4x10(-11), 4x10(-10), 4x10(-9) mol x L(-1) were 24.9%, 29.9%, and 31.3%, respectively. Pretreatment by BIO-1211 1, 3 and 10 mg x kg(-1) intraperitoneally inhibited the recruitment of eosinophils in PAF in the rat induced by Sephadex in a dose dependent manner. Inhibitory rates were 60.3%, 68.9%, and 72.9%(P<0.05), respectively. BIO-1211 did not inhibit eosinophil peroxidase(EPO) release from eosinophils.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BIO-1211 inhibits eosinophil chemotaxis and recruitment, alleviates local inflammation, and may represent a new type of drug for allergic diseases.</p>

Expression of eotaxin mRNA and TNF-alpha mRNA in lung tissues of sensitized mice and modulation by anti-inflammatory drugs / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish determination methods of eotaxin mRNA and TNF-alpha mRNA expression in the lung tissue of mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eotaxin mRNA and TNF-alpha mRNA expressions were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The functional implications of eotaxin mRNA and TNF-alpha mRNA expression were examined by detecting the numbers of total leucocytes and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eotaxin mRNA and TNF-alpha mRNA expression in lung tissue total numbers of leucocyte and numbers of eosinophil in BALF increased in sensitized mice compared with those in normal mice. Dexamethasone significantly but did not inhibit eotaxin mRNA and TNF-alpha mRNA expressions, and eosinophil infiltration in the lungs of the sensitized mice. A compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine inhibited eotaxin mRNA and eosinophil infiltration, influenced TNF-alpha mRNA expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Increased eotaxin mRNA expression in lung tissue is associated with eosinophil infiltration in BALF, which indicates that the methods of semi-quantitative RT-PCR may be useful to the study of the mechanism of antiasthmatic medicine.</p>

Effects of polysaccharides of Cryptoporus volvatus on bronchial hyperreasponsiveness and inflammatory cells in ovalbumin sensitized rats / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of polysaccharides of cultured Cryptoporus volvatus(CVPS) on airway hyperresponsiveness of ovalbumin-sensitized rats and to evaluate their mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Polysaccharides A, B (5mg/kg, 20mg/kg) and ketotifen(5mg/kg) or vehicle(same volume of saline) were administrated orally for 10 days in ovalbumin -sensitized rats, methacholine bronchial provocation tests were performed to determine airway hyperresponsiveness. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peritoneal lavage fluid were prepared after the animals were challenged by nebulized antigen. The differential white cell count in BALF,and the degranulated mast cell count as well as differential white cell count in peritoneal lavage fluid were performed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Polysaccharides markedly inhibited the increased lung resistance and the decreased lung compliance induced by antigen challenge,significantly reduced total cell counts and absolute eosinophil counts in BALF(P<0.05); polysaccharides B was more effective than polysaccharides A. They also inhibited recruitment of inflammatory cells in peritoneal lavage fluid and inhibited the allergen-induced mast cell degranulation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Polysaccharides of CVPS inhibit airway hyperresponsiveness by stabilizing mast cell membranes and reducing infiltration and chemotaxis of eosinophils and may be developed as a potential anti-asthmatic drug.</p>