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INTRODUCTION@#This scoping review examined the number, types and characteristics of journal publications on ageing in Singapore from 2008 to 2018 to determine how ageing research in medical and social domains in Singapore has transformed over time.@*METHODS@#Using relevant search terms, articles were extracted from multiple databases and then screened and reviewed for eligibility and inclusion by independent reviewers. Data such as article title, authors, year of publication, name of journal, type of journal, study design and the kind of data used were charted from the included articles for evidence synthesis.@*RESULTS@#Since 2008, there has been a steady increase in the number of publications on ageing in medical and social domains in Singapore. In the medical domain, publications on Ophthalmology (22%) made up the largest proportion of the existing medical literature on ageing in Singapore, followed by Physical Functioning (17%), which involved physiological measurements of physical well-being, and Geriatrics (16%). Non-medical publications comprised 38% of all the included publications, with publications on the social aspects of ageing (43%) forming the largest group in this cluster, followed by publications on Prevention (19%) and Healthcare services (18%). The study design was mostly observational (82%), with only 3% of interventional studies.@*CONCLUSION@#While ageing research had expanded in Singapore in the last decade, it was predominantly discipline specific and observational in design. As ageing issues are complex, with biology intersecting with psychology and sociology, we call for greater interdisciplinary collaboration, the conduct of more interventional studies, as well as more research in understudied and emerging areas.
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Humanos , Singapura , Envelhecimento , Geriatria , Projetos de PesquisaRESUMO
Objective To investigate the effects and mechnism of abnormal stress promoting macrophage mobility inhibitory factor(MIF),cyclooxygenase 2(COX2)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)in the progression of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis(TMJOA).Methods From January 2020 to December 2021,TMJOA and temporomandibular joint internal derangement(TMJID)patients(30 cases in each group,we divided the TMJOA into group TMJ Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ according to the stage)who were admitted to TMJOA special clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and accompanied by abnormal occlusion were collected.The pain score of the occlusal state of the patients was evaluated by visual analogue scale.The expression levels of MIF,COX2 and PGE2 in synovial fluid were detected by ELISA.We used the unilateral anterior crossbite for TMJOA(UAC)rats model(the grouped into:UAC-4 weeks,UAC-8 weeks and UAC-12 weeks group),and control group at the same time(grouped into:Ctrl-4 weeks,Ctrl-8 weeks and Ctrl-12 weeks group),each group had 6 rats.The expression levels of MIF,COX2 and PGE2 in serum and synovial fluid of rats were detected by ELISA.The expression levels of IL-1β,IL-18,MIF,COX2 and PTGER2 in temporomandibular joint of rats were detected by Western blotting.The fluid flow shear stress(FFSS)model of fibroblast-like synovial cells(FLSs)was established,and the mRNA and protein expression levels of above indexes were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting.Results Visual analogue scale evaluation showed that the pain score of TMJOA Ⅰ and Ⅱ group was significantly higher than that of TMJID(P<0.001).ELISA results showed that the expression levels of MIF,COX2 and PGE2 in synovial fluid in TMJOA group were higher than those in TMJID group(P<0.05),and the expression levels were the highest in TMJOA Ⅱ group.Compared with control group,the expressions of MIF,COX2 and PGE2 in serum and synovial fluid at UAC-4 weeks,8 weeks and 12 weeks were slightly higher,and significantly higher at UAC-8 weeks in rat TMJOA model(P<0.05).In addition,the expression trend of protein levels in temporomandibular joint tissues was similar,which showed higher expression levels of IL-1β,IL-18,MIF,COX2 and PTGER2(P<0.05).In the cell model where FFSS interfered with FLSs,with the increase of FFSS,cell with deformation,incomplete cell membrane and reduced number.Compared with control group,the expression levels of IL-1β,IL-18,MIF,COX2 and PGE2(PTGER2)of FLSs were increased in 1,3,5 and 10 dyn/cm2 intervention groups(P<0.05).Conclusion MIF,COX2 and PGE2 were highly expressed in temporomandibular joint synovial fluid of TMJOA patients with malocclusion.And these three factors were also highly expressed in serum and synovial fluid of UAC rats.The abnormal fluid shear stress promotes the secretion of MIF,COX2 and PGE2 by FLSs to participate in joint microenvironment inflammation and accelerate disease progression.
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Objective: To investigate the impact of molecular classification and key oncogenes on the oncologic outcomes in patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC) and atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) receiving fertility-preserving treatment. Methods: Patients with EC and AEH undergoing progestin-based fertility-preserving treatment and receiving molecular classification as well as key oncogenes test at Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University from January 2021 to March 2023 were reviewed. Hysteroscopic lesion resection and endometrial biopsy were performed before initiating hormone therapy and every 3 months during the treatment to evaluate the efficacy. The risk factors which had impact on the treatment outcomes in EC and AEH patients were further analyzed. Results: Of the 171 patients analyzed, the median age was 32 years, including 86 patients with EC and 85 patients with AEH. The distribution of molecular classification was as follows: 157 cases (91.8%) were classified as having no specific molecular profile (NSMP); 9 cases (5.3%), mismatch repair deficient (MMR-d); 3 cases (1.8%), POLE-mutated; 2 cases (1.2%), p53 abnormal. No difference was found in the cumulative 40-week complete response (CR) rate between the patients having NSMP or MMR-d (61.6% vs 60.0%; P=0.593), while the patients having MMR-d had increased risk than those having NSMP to have recurrence after CR (50.0% vs 14.4%; P=0.005). Multi-variant analysis showed PTEN gene multi-loci mutation (HR=0.413, 95%CI: 0.259-0.658; P<0.001) and PIK3CA gene mutation (HR=0.499, 95%CI: 0.310-0.804; P=0.004) were associated with a lower cumulative 40-week CR rate, and progestin-insensitivity (HR=3.825, 95%CI: 1.570-9.317; P=0.003) and MMR-d (HR=9.014, 95%CI: 1.734-46.873; P=0.009) were independent risk factors of recurrence in EC and AEH patients. Conclusions: No difference in cumulative 40-week CR rate is found in the patients having NSMP or MMR-d who received progestin-based fertility-preserving treatment, where the use of hysteroscopy during the treatment might be the reason, while those having MMR-d have a higher risk of recurrence after CR. Oncogene mutation of PTEN or PIK3CA gene might be associated with a lower response to progestin treatment. The molecular profiles help predict the fertility-preserving treatment outcomes in EC and AEH patients.
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Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Hiperplasia , Progestinas , Preservação da Fertilidade , Neoplasias do Endométrio/patologia , Hiperplasia Endometrial/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas , Fertilidade , Classe I de Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
ObjectiveTo predict the pharmacodynamic basis and core target of Shengxiantang in the treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG) by network pharmacology and molecular docking and to further verify the molecular mechanism through animal experiment. MethodThe active components and potential targets of Shengxiantang were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), and the disease-related targets from GeneCards and other databases. Then the common targets of the decoction and the disease were screened out, followed by the construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment of the common targets based on STRING database and Cytoscape 3.8.2. Afterward, Cytoscape 3.8.2 was employed to construct the disease-active component-target network. AutoDock and PyMOL were used for molecular docking of key components and hub genes. Finally, we used the Rα97-116 peptide to induce experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) in rats and then verified the core target yielded in the docking with the model rats. ResultA total of 655 disease-related targets, 118 active components of the decoction, 21 common targets of the disease and the decoction, and 3 hub genes were screened out. The common targets were mainly involved in the GO terms of regulation of active oxygen metabolism, positive regulation of protein transport, and positive regulation of protein localization, and the KEGG pathways of toll-like receptor signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway, and T cell receptor signaling pathway. The results of molecular docking showed that quercetin and Akt1 had the lowest and stable binding energy and interacted with each other through the amino acid residue LYS-30. Western blot demonstrated that Shengxiantang significantly inhibited the expression of p-Akt protein in the spleen of EAMG rats. ConclusionThe pharmacological mechanism of Shengxiantang in the treatment of MG may be that the main chemical components regulate the expression of the core protein Akt, and then may participate in and affect PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, laying a theoretical and experimental basis for further research.
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OBJECTIVES: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, factors associated with the survival of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received only hospice care are largely unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine the prognostic factors correlated with survival in patients with advanced NSCLC who had undergone hospice care only. METHODS: A total of 102 patients with recurrent stage III/IV NSCLC after traditional treatment failure were investigated. Survival was measured from the date of enrollment to December 2019 or the time of death. Tumor tissues were collected, and DNA sequencing was performed to identify somatic mutations. Data on clinical factors of patients were collected and analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. Overall survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year overall survival rates of the 102 patients with metastatic NSCLC were 17.65%, 3.92%, and 0.98%, respectively. The median overall survival of the 102 patients was 3.15 months. Tumor location in the peripheral lung, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor history, low tumor mutation load, adenocarcinoma, and poor performance status score were associated with prolonged survival compared with tumor location in the central lung, no EGFR inhibitor history, high tumor mutation load, squamous cell carcinoma, and good performance status score (p=0.045, p=0.003, p=0.045, p=0.021, and p=0.0003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: EGFR inhibitor treatment history and tumor mutation load are risk factors for the overall survival of patients with stage III/IV NSCLC who have undergone only hospice care. These results provide a critical clinical basis for further study of nontraditional anti-tumor responses induced by EGFR inhibitors.
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Humanos , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/genética , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Receptores ErbB/genética , Mutação , Estadiamento de NeoplasiasRESUMO
Objective@#To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) clusters in Lishui, so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of COVID-19 clusters.@*Methods@#The data of COVID-19 clusters in Lishui from January 23 to March 29, 2020 were collected through China Disease Control and Prevention Information System-Public Health Emergency Information System, and analyzed time, space, scale, source of infection, exposure and transmission route by descriptive epidemiological method. @*Results@#There were 31 cases in 8 clusters ( about 4 cases per cluster ), with no death. The report time was bimodal, peaked first from January 20 to February 10 with 4 clusters imported from domestic and peaked second from March 1 to 29 with 4 clusters imported from overseas. Qingtian County reported 4 clusters, Liandu District, Yunhe County, Qingyuan County and Jingning County each reported 1 cluster. Thirteen cases were restaurant employees, accounting for 41.94%. The cases were mainly occurred in the condition that exposed in the same family ( 6 clusters ), in the same dinner and car ( 1 clusters ), and in the same party ( 1 clusters ). The exposure modes that caused more cases infected were through the same family (9 cases) and through the same dinner and car ( 6 cases ). There were 3 clusters with first-generation cases, 3 clusters with second-generation cases and 2 clusters with third-generation cases. The recurrence rate of the 8 clusters ranged from 1.49% to 7.69%, with a median of 3.47%. @*Conclusions@#The COVID-19 clusters in Lishui imported from domestic in the early stage and later from overseas. Most cases were reported from Qingtian County, were engaged in catering business, and exposed by living with families.
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Objective To assess the value of shear-wave elastography (SWE) of the liver and spleen for predicting the risk of esophageal-gastric varices (EGV) and the bleeding from EGV (EGVB) in patients with advanced schistosomiasis. Methods The medical records of 90 patients with definitive diagnosis of advanced schistosomiasis in Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2017 through January 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The severity of EGV was graded in the 90 patients with advanced schistosomiasis using gastroscopic findings as a golden standard. Then, the subjects were assigned to the non-EGV and EGV groups, and the low- and high-risk EGVB groups according to the grading. The SWE elastic moduli of the liver and spleen were measured and compared between groups. In addition, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was estimated to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the SWE elastic moduli of the liver and spleen for predicting the high risk of EGV and EGVB. Results The 90 patients with advanced schistosomiasis included 61 men and 29 women, and had a mean age of (74.3 ± 8.6) years (range, 62 to 83 years). If gastroscopic findings were employed as a golden standard, there were 32 cases with grade 0 (35.5%), 17 cases with grade 1 (18.9%), 15 cases with grade 2 (16.7%) and 26 cases with grade 3 EGV (28.9%). There were 32 cases in the non-EGV group (35.6%) and 58 cases in the EGV group (64.4%), and 41 cases in the high-risk EGV group (45.6%) and 49 cases in the low-risk EGV group (54.4%), respectively. The SWE elastic moduli of the liver and spleen were both significantly greater in the EGV group than in the non-EGV group (t = 5.73 and 7.26, both P values < 0.05). The SWE elastic moduli of the liver and spleen had AUCs of 0.70 and 0.75, optimal cut-off of 16.1 kPa and 22.6 kPa, sensitivities of 80.6% and 83.9% and specificities of 71.4% and 78.6% for the prediction of EGV, respectively. In addition, the SWE elastic moduli of the liver and spleen were significantly greater in the high-risk EGVB groups than in the low-risk EGVB group (t = 7.35 and 9.61, both P values < 0.05), and the SWE elastic moduli of the liver and spleen had AUCs of 0.68 and 0.71, optimal cut-off of 22.7 kPa and 33.8 kPa, sensitivities of 70.4% and 73.6% and specificities of 89.3% and 93.1% for the prediction of high-risk EGV, respectively. Conclusions SWE is useful to predict the risk of EGV and EGVB in patients with advanced schistosomiasis.
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Since the invention of optogenetic technology, it has greatly promoted the development of neuroscience. Currently, optogenetic approaches have been mostly used to map neural circuits and new neuropharmacology but are rarely seen in the research field of acupuncture analgesia. The mechanism of neural circuits contributing to acupuncture analgesia, an important research hotspot in recent years, has not been fully determined. The optogenetic techniques can be used to modulate and control specific cells, provides highly precise spatial and temporal resolution, is repeatable, and may functionally dissect neuronal networks in vivo. The neuronal activities and their information transmission, processing and storage in intercluster neural networks in different brain regions, and the correlation between behavioral changes and electrical activities of neurons in vivo studies are mainly captured by the implanted microelectropode array, etc. If these two (or more) approaches are combined together, it is definitely and highly helpful to reveal the driving dynamics of neural circuits, plasticity and temporal-spatial activity mode of neurons, as well as behavioral reactions of animals with chronic pain during acupuncture analgesia and may open a new prospect for the application of acupuncture analgesia study.
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Objective To discuss the treatment effect and application value of salmon calcitonin nasal spray in the patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.Methods 130 patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis were divided into observation group and control group by random number method,65 cases in each group.The control group was given calcium and alfacalcidol treatment,the observation group received in combination with salmon calcitonin nasal spray treatment.The clinical effect of the two groups was recorded.Results The total effective rate of the treat-ment group was 95.38%,which of the control group was 84.62%,the difference between the two groups was statisti-cally significant (χ2 =4.188,P<0.05 ).After treatment,the tuberosity bone mineral density,femoral neck BMD, L1 -4 lumbar spine bone mineral density of the observation group were (0.69 ±0.15)g/cm2,(0.77 ±0.21)g/cm2, (0.98 ±0.26)g/cm2,which of the control group were (0.52 ±0.08)g/cm2,(0.64 ±0.13)g/cm2,(0.81 ± 0.15)g/cm2,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t=8.062,4.243,4.566,all P<0.05).After treatment,the calcitonin,beta collagen fragment,osteocalcin of the observation group were (2.97 ± 0.86)ng/L,(0.11 ±0.01)ng/mL,(7.18 ±1.14)ng/mL,which of the control group were (2.41 ±0.43)ng/L, (0.35 ±0.08)ng/mL,(15.89 ±3.53)ng/mL,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t=4.695,24.000,18.930,all P<0.05).Conclusion Salmon calcitonin nasal spray in the treatment of patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis can reduce pain,inhibit osteoclast activity,promote bone formation,prevent bone loss and increase bone mass,it is safe and worthy of popularizing in clinical application.
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Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) plays as a double edged sword in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, hinging on its effect on the intracellular energy storage and injury severity, and the prognosis has relationship with intervention timing. During ischemia injury, apoptosis and oncosis are the two main cell death pathway sin the ischemic core. The participation of astrocytes in ischemia-reperfusion induced cell death has triggered more and more attention. Here, we examined the protective effects and intervention timing of the PARP-1 inhibitor PJ34, by using a mixed oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGDR) model of primary rat astrocytes in vitro, which could mimic the ischemia-reperfusion damage in the "ischemic core". Meanwhile, cell death pathways of various PJ34 treated astrocytes were also investigated. Our results showed that PJ34 incubation (10 μmol/L) did not affect release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from astrocytes and cell viability or survival 1 h after OGDR. Interestingly, after 3 or 5 h OGDR, PJ34 significantly reduced LDH release and percentage of PI-positive cells and increased cell viability, and simultaneously increased the caspase-dependent apoptotic rate. The intervention timing study demonstrated that an earlier and longer PJ34 intervention during reperfusion was associated with more apparent protective effects. In conclusion, earlier and longer PJ34 intervention provides remarkable protective effects for astrocytes in the "ischaemic core" mainly by reducing oncosis of the astrocytes, especially following serious OGDR damage.
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Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Ratos , Apoptose , Astrócitos , Biologia Celular , Sobrevivência Celular , Células Cultivadas , Glucose , Lactato Desidrogenases , Metabolismo , Modelos Biológicos , Oxigênio , Metabolismo , Fenantrenos , Farmacologia , Inibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases , Farmacologia , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) plays as a double edged sword in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, hinging on its effect on the intracellular energy storage and injury severity, and the prognosis has relationship with intervention timing. During ischemia injury, apoptosis and oncosis are the two main cell death pathway sin the ischemic core. The participation of astrocytes in ischemia-reperfusion induced cell death has triggered more and more attention. Here, we examined the protective effects and intervention timing of the PARP-1 inhibitor PJ34, by using a mixed oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGDR) model of primary rat astrocytes in vitro, which could mimic the ischemia-reperfusion damage in the "ischemic core". Meanwhile, cell death pathways of various PJ34 treated astrocytes were also investigated. Our results showed that PJ34 incubation (10 μmol/L) did not affect release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from astrocytes and cell viability or survival 1 h after OGDR. Interestingly, after 3 or 5 h OGDR, PJ34 significantly reduced LDH release and percentage of PI-positive cells and increased cell viability, and simultaneously increased the caspase-dependent apoptotic rate. The intervention timing study demonstrated that an earlier and longer PJ34 intervention during reperfusion was associated with more apparent protective effects. In conclusion, earlier and longer PJ34 intervention provides remarkable protective effects for astrocytes in the "ischaemic core" mainly by reducing oncosis of the astrocytes, especially following serious OGDR damage.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Little attention has been paid to the role of subcortical deep gray matter (SDGM) structures in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-induced cognitive impairment, especially hippocampal subfields. Our aims were to assess the in vivo volumes of SDGM structures and hippocampal subfields using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to test their associations with cognitive performance in T2DM.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 80 T2DM patients and 80 neurologically unimpaired healthy controls matched by age, sex and education level was enrolled in this study. We assessed the volumes of the SDGM structures and seven hippocampal subfields on MRI using a novel technique that enabled automated volumetry. We used Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores as measures of cognitive performance. The association of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with SDGM structures and neuropsychological tests and correlations between hippocampal subfields and neuropsychological tests were assessed by partial correlation analysis in T2DM.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bilaterally, the hippocampal volumes were smaller in T2DM patients, mainly in the CA1 and subiculum subfields. Partial correlation analysis showed that the MoCA scores, particularly those regarding delayed memory, were significantly positively correlated with reduced hippocampal CA1 and subiculum volumes in T2DM patients. Additionally, higher HbA1c levels were significantly associated with poor memory performance and hippocampal atrophy among T2DM patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These data indicate that the hippocampus might be the main affected region among the SDGM structures in T2DM. These structural changes in the hippocampal CA1 and subiculum areas might be at the core of underlying neurobiological mechanisms of hippocampal dysfunction, suggesting that degeneration in these regions could be responsible for memory impairments in T2DM patients.</p>
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Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Região CA1 Hipocampal , Patologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Patologia , Hipocampo , Patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Transtornos da Memória , Patologia , Testes NeuropsicológicosRESUMO
miRNAs are a class of noncoding RNA molecules about 18-25 nt in length. As key gene expression regulatory factors, they may inhibit or degrade mRNA by incompletely or completely complement to mRNA. Their abnormal expressions are closely related with the carcinogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa). Some miRNAs trigger cancer, while others inhibit the malignant changes. In this article we summarize the latest information on miRNAs expression prolifing and potential biomarkers,in particular the roles of miRNAs in PCa.
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Humanos , Masculino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , MicroRNAs , Neoplasias da Próstata , RNA MensageiroRESUMO
The feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the assessment of atherosclerotic plaque neovascularization and its relation to histological findings were investigated. Abdominal aortic atherosclerotic plaque model was induced in 25 New Zealand white rabbits by a combination of high cholesterol-rich diet and balloon aortic denudation. Standard and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was performed at the 16th week of the model induction period. The plaques were classified as echogenic plaques or echolucent plaques according to their echogenicity at standard ultrasonography. The maximum thickness of plaque was measured in the longitudinal section. Time intensity curve was used to quantify the enhanced intensity of the plaque. Animals were euthanized and abdominal aortas were harvested for histological staining of CD31 to evaluate the neovascularization density of atherosclerotic plaque. The results showed that the echolucent plaques had higher enhanced intensity during contrastenhanced ultrasonography and higher neovascularization density at CD31 staining than the echogenic plaques. The enhanced intensity of atherosclerotic plaque and its ratio to lumen were well correlated with histological neovascularization density (r=0.75, P<0.001; r=0.68, P<0.001, respectively). However, the maximum thickness of plaque was not correlated with neovascularization density (r=0.235, P=0.081). These findings demonstrated that the enhanced intensity in the plaque and ratio of enhanced intensity to that in the lumen of abdominal aorta may be more accurate in the evaluation of plaque neovascularization than maximum thickness. Our study indicates that contrast-enhanced ultrasonography provides us a reliable method for the evaluation of plaque neovascularization.
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Animais , Coelhos , Aorta Abdominal , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Aumento da Imagem , Métodos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Métodos , Neovascularização Patológica , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Fosfolipídeos , Placa Aterosclerótica , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Estatística como Assunto , Hexafluoreto de Enxofre , Ultrassonografia , MétodosRESUMO
Three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography was employed to evaluate the changes of left ventricular systolic strain in 23 heart transplant recipients at 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th month after heart transplantation, and 23 healthy subjects served as controls. The three-dimensional full-volume echocardiographic images of left ventricle were recorded and then were analyzed using EchoPAC software. The strain curves and peak systolic strain values for each segment and overall left ventricular wall were obtained. Left ventricular global peak longitudinal strain (GPSL), global peak radial strain (GPSR), global peak circumferential strain (GPSC) and global peak area strain (GPSA) were measured and then statistically analyzed. There were no significant differences in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and cardiac output (CO) between heart transplant recipients and controls. The GPSL in heart transplant recipients at 1st month after surgery was significantly lower than that in controls, but close to the normal value at 3rd month after surgery and later. The GPSC, GPSA and GPSR were significantly lower in heart transplant recipients at 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th month after surgery than those in controls. It is suggested that three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography can be used for monitoring changes of left ventricular systolic strains and evaluating left ventricular systolic function in cardiac allograft.
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Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Aloenxertos , Ecocardiografia Tridimensional , Métodos , Testes de Função Cardíaca , Métodos , Transplante de Coração , Métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Sístole , Fatores de Tempo , Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda , Diagnóstico , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Função Ventricular EsquerdaRESUMO
Three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography was employed to evaluate the changes of left ventricular systolic strain in 23 heart transplant recipients at 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th month after heart transplantation, and 23 healthy subjects served as controls. The three-dimensional full-volume echocardiographic images of left ventricle were recorded and then were analyzed using EchoPAC software. The strain curves and peak systolic strain values for each segment and overall left ventricular wall were obtained. Left ventricular global peak longitudinal strain (GPSL), global peak radial strain (GPSR), global peak circumferential strain (GPSC) and global peak area strain (GPSA) were measured and then statistically analyzed. There were no significant differences in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and cardiac output (CO) between heart transplant recipients and controls. The GPSL in heart transplant recipients at 1st month after surgery was significantly lower than that in controls, but close to the normal value at 3rd month after surgery and later. The GPSC, GPSA and GPSR were significantly lower in heart transplant recipients at 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th month after surgery than those in controls. It is suggested that three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography can be used for monitoring changes of left ventricular systolic strains and evaluating left ventricular systolic function in cardiac allograft.
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The feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the assessment of atherosclerotic plaque neovascularization and its relation to histological findings were investigated. Abdominal aortic atherosclerotic plaque model was induced in 25 New Zealand white rabbits by a combination of high cholesterol-rich diet and balloon aortic denudation. Standard and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was performed at the 16th week of the model induction period. The plaques were classified as echogenic plaques or echolucent plaques according to their echogenicity at standard ultrasonography. The maximum thickness of plaque was measured in the longitudinal section. Time intensity curve was used to quantify the enhanced intensity of the plaque. Animals were euthanized and abdominal aortas were harvested for histological staining of CD31 to evaluate the neovascularization density of atherosclerotic plaque. The results showed that the echolucent plaques had higher enhanced intensity during contrastenhanced ultrasonography and higher neovascularization density at CD31 staining than the echogenic plaques. The enhanced intensity of atherosclerotic plaque and its ratio to lumen were well correlated with histological neovascularization density (r=0.75, P<0.001; r=0.68, P<0.001, respectively). However, the maximum thickness of plaque was not correlated with neovascularization density (r=0.235, P=0.081). These findings demonstrated that the enhanced intensity in the plaque and ratio of enhanced intensity to that in the lumen of abdominal aorta may be more accurate in the evaluation of plaque neovascularization than maximum thickness. Our study indicates that contrast-enhanced ultrasonography provides us a reliable method for the evaluation of plaque neovascularization.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathological characteristics and the prognostic factors in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical and pathological data of 178 cases with hypopharyngeal cancer from January 2000 to December 2006 were studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 178 hypopharyngeal cancer, the median survival time was 42.8 months (1 - 127 months). Total 3- and 5-year survival rates were 47% and 35%, respectively. The 5-year survival rates of stage I + II, stage III and stage IV were 76.2%, 46.7% and 29.6%, respectively. The second primary carcinoma occurred in 14.0% patients (25/178), of them 18 patients with synchronous carcinoma and 7 patients with metachronous carcinoma. The independent risk factors associated with the prognosis of these patients were T staging, N staging, clinical staging, performance status (PS), smoking index and treatment model (all P < 0.01). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that smoking index, staging of tumor and treatment were independent risk factors of prognosis. The rate of larynx function preservation was increasing with years from 2000 to 2006.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Surgery plus radiotherapy is the most important treatment for the patients with hypopharyngeal cancer. Tumor stage and treatment model are important predictors of survival in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer.</p>
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Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Hipofaríngeas , Diagnóstico , Patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the crew and passengers' comfort on the Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan passenger dedicated line and physical factors, such as air pressure, noise, wind speed.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Comfort investigation of all the crew (n = 244) and passengers (n = 377) on the Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan passenger dedicated line at speed of 250 km/h and 200 km/h and the detection of the air pressure, noise and wind speed were performed in 2011.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significantly higher ratio of comfortable feeling, lower ratio of seriously discomfortable feeling were observed in crew and passengers at 200 km/h compared with those at 250 km/h (P < 0.05), as well as rapid disappearance of discomfortable feeling in crew (P < 0.05) and significantly higher ratio of lightly discomfortable feeling and lower ratios of tinnitus and eardrum discomfort induced by air pressure and noise in passengers at 200 km/h. No significant difference was observed in ear discomfort induced by air pressure and noise among crew, and the duration of disappearance of discomfortable feeling among passengers between 200 km/h and 250 km/h. The noise in carriages exceeded the related standard when the high-speed train passing through the tunnels.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The individuals feel more comfortable at 200 km/h than 250 km/h in this line., which may be related with rapid variation of wind speed and noise when the train passes through the tunnels with high speed.</p>
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Pressão Atmosférica , Ruído Ocupacional , Ruído dos Transportes , Saúde Ocupacional , Ferrovias , Sensação , Inquéritos e Questionários , Vento , Local de TrabalhoRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility of therapeutic angiogenesis in myocardial infarction induced by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mediated by ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups after the models of myocardial infarction were established: HGF + ultrasound + microbubble (HGF + US/MB) groups, HGF and ultrasound (HGF + US) group, HGF and microbubble (HGF + MB) group, and surgery alone (SA) group. Ultrasound-targeted destruction microbubble loaded with HGF gene with ECG trigger was performed in HGF + US group. Microbubble loaded with HGF gene was infused intravenously in HGF + MB group, and normal saline were infused in SA group. All rats were killed 14 days after transfection. The CD34 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and microvessel density (MVD) was counted in high power field. The HGF expression on myocardium was detected by ELISA, and the correlation between the contents of HGF and MVD in myocardium was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>IHC results showed that CD34 expressions, shown as brown granules, were located on the membrane and endochylema of vascular endothelial cells. The MVD in HGF + US/MB group [ (266.9 +/- 39.8) /HPF] were highest among all the groups. The contents of HGF in myocardium were highest in HGF + US/MB group [(5.54 +/- 0.81) ng/g], and the contents of HGF in anterior wall were significantly higher than those in posterior wall (P < 0.05); the difference was also significant when compared with others groups (P < 0.01). The correlation analysis showed the contents of HGF was positively correlated with MVD in myocardium.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction can effectively deliver HGF into the infracted myocardium and facilitate angiogenesis, which provides a novel way in the gene therapy of myocardial infarction.</p>