Effect of menthol on hypobaric hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in mice and its mechanism / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the effect of menthol on hypobaric hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension and explore the underlying mechanism in mice. Methods 10 to 12 weeks old wild type (WT) mice and TRPM8 gene knockout (TRPM8

Effect of Liquiritigenin on Intestinal Flora in Ovariectomized APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of liquiritigenin （LG） on intestinal flora in menopausal APP/PS1 mice. MethodsA total of forty 3-month-old female APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into sham surgery group （n=20） and ovariectomy group （n=20）. Seven days after surgery， the ovariectomy group was randomly divided into ovariectomy control group （OVX， n=10）， ovariectomy + liquiritigenin treatment group （OVX + LG， n=10）， and the sham surgery group was randomly divided into liquiritigenin treatment group （LG， n=10） and reagent control group （Sham， n=10）， and ten C57BL/6J mice were taken as WT group. The dose of LG group and OVX + LG group was 30 mg•kg-1•d-1. After 90 days of drug treatment， fecal samples were gathered， genomes were extracted， and intestinal flora were analyzed by 16S rDNA Amplicon Sequencing. Morris water maze was performed to evaluate learning and memory abilities of mice. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the deposition of senile plaques （SP） in the brain of mice. ResultsThe results of water maze showed that LG significantly improved the learning memory ability of APP/PS1 mice with/without OVX （P<0.05）， and reduced the number of SPs in the brain of APP/PS1 mice with/without OVX， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.000 1）. 16s rDNA sequencing analysis of the relative abundance of gut microbiota proved that LG treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus （P<0.05） and reduced the relative abundance of harmful bacteria belong to Bacteroidetes （P<0.05） in APP/PS1 mice intestines with/without menopause. After LG treatment， the relative abundance of Allobaculun elevated in the intestines of APP/PS1 mice， while declined in the intestines of menopausal APP/PS1 mice， but the difference was not statistically significant. LEfSe analysis revealed the bacteria with the most differential abundance of the gut microbiota of WT mice were Firmicutes， Bacillus， and Lactobacillales （P<0.05）； Lactobacillus reuteri had a greater influence on the LG group （P<0.05）； Bacteroidia， Bacteroidales and Bacteroides gathered in the intestines of mice in the Sham group （P<0.05）. Firmicutes and Allobaculum were the dominant in the WT group （P<0.05）； Bacteroides， Bacteroidia and Bacteroidales were more abundant in the Sham group（P<0.05）； Bacterroidaceae and Bacteroides had the most differential abundances in the OVX group （P<0.05）； Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus were more abundant in the intestines in the OVX + LG group （P<0.05）. ConclusionLG could improve the ratio of beneficial and harmful bacteria in the intestines of APP/PS1 mice before and after menopause. Liquiritigenin treatment showed consistent variations in intestinal flora in APP/PS1 mice with or without ovariectomy. It is presumed that menopausal APP/PS1 mice have lipid metabolism disorders which requires further study.

Expression and Clinical Significance of Exosome Component 4 in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression of Exosome Component 4（EXOSC4） in the tissues of newly diagnosed patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and its clinical significance.@*METHODS@#The expression of EXOSC4 protein in the tissues of 181 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. Clinical data were collected. The correlation between EXOSC4 protein expression in the tissues of newly diagnosed DLBCL patients and clinical features were analyzed and its prognostic significance.@*RESULTS@#The positive rate of EXOSC4 protein expression was 68.51% in the tissues of 181 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients. These patients were divided into two groups, with 44 cases in high expression group and 137 cases in low expression group. There were no significant differences in age, gender, B symptoms, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score, Ann Arbor stage, extranodal disease, International Prognostic Index (IPI) score, National Comprehensive Cancer Network IPI (NCCN-IPI) score, and cell origin between the two groups (P>0.05). Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that high EXOSC4 protein expression in tissues was an independent poor prognostic factor for OS and PFS in newly diagnosed DLBCL patients (all P<0.05). K-M survival analysis showed that newly diagnosed DLBCL patients with high EXOSC4 protein expression had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) than those patients with low EXOSC4 protein expression (all P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#High EXOSC4 protein expression in tissues of newly diagnosed DLBCL patients is an independent poor prognostic factor for survival.

Genomic epidemiology of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from acute diarrheal patients in Shenzhen City from 2013 to 2021 / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To characterize the prevalence and genomic epidemiology of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from acute diarrheal patients in Shenzhen City from 2013 to 2021. Methods: Based on the Shenzhen Infectious Diarrhea Surveillance System, acute diarrheal patients were actively monitored in sentinel hospitals from 2013 to 2021. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates was performed, and the genomic population structure, serotypes, virulence genes and multilocus sequence typing were analyzed. Outbreak clusters from 2019 to 2021 were explored based on single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis. Results: A total of 48 623 acute diarrhea cases were monitored in 15 sentinel hospitals from 2013 to 2021, and 1 135 Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains were isolated, with a positive isolation rate of 2.3%. Qualified whole-genome sequencing data of 852 isolates were obtained. Eighty-nine serotypes, 21 known ST types and 5 new ST types were identified by sequence analysis, and 93.2% of strains were detected with toxin profile of tdh+trh-. 8 clonal groups (CGs) were captured, with CG3 as the absolute predominance, followed by CG189. The CG3 group was dominated by O3:K6 serotype and ST3 sequence type, while CG189 group was mainly O4:KUT, O4:K8 serotypes and ST189a and ST189 type. A total of 13 clusters were identified, containing 154 cases. About 30 outbreak clusters with 29 outbreak clusters caused by CG3 strains from 2019 to 2021. Conclusion: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major pathogen of acute infectious diarrhea in Shenzhen City, with diverse population structures. CG3 and CG189 have been prevalent and predominant in Shenzhen City for a long time. Scattered outbreaks and persistent sources of contamination ignored by traditional methods could be captured by WGS analysis. Tracing the source of epidemic clone groups and taking precise prevention and control measures are expected to significantly reduce the burden of diarrhea diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in Shenzhen City.

A novel homozygous frameshift variant in DNAH8 causes multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella in a consanguineous Pakistani family / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) is a severe form of asthenozoospermia categorized by immotile spermatozoa with abnormal flagella in ejaculate. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is used to detect pathogenic variants in patients with MMAF. In this study, a novel homozygous frameshift variant (c.6158_6159insT) in dynein axonemal heavy chain 8 (DNAH8) from two infertile brothers with MMAF in a consanguineous Pakistani family was identified by WES. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed DNAH8 mRNA decay in these patients with the DNAH8 mutation. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy revealed highly divergent morphology and ultrastructure of sperm flagella in these patients. Furthermore, an immunofluorescence assay showed the absence of DNAH8 and a reduction in its associated protein DNAH17 in the patients' spermatozoa. Collectively, our study expands the phenotypic spectrum of patients with DNAH8-related MMAF worldwide.

MiR-525-5p Regulates Migration, Invasion and Proliferation of Glioma Cells Through Targeted Binding of PLIN3 / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

The most common type of intracranial malignancy is glioma. Although the current treatments are surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, the prognosis for patients with glioma is not promising. Therefore, it becomes critical to find an effective management. The literature shows that microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and progression. Based on this, this study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-525-5p in regulating the migration, invasion and proliferation of glioma cells. The TCGA database was used to identify perilipin 3 (PLIN3) differentially expressed in normal tissues and glioma tissues, and the CGGA and GEPIA databases were used to query that high expression of PLIN3 was associated with poor prognosis in glioma patients and Western blot experiments revealed that PLIN3 was highly expressed in glioma cells (P<0. 05) . The results of wound healing assay and Transwell invasion assay showed that knockdown or overexpression of PLIN3 respectively inhibited or promoted the migration and invasion of glioma cells (P < 0. 05) . Dual luciferase assays confirmed that PLIN3 could bind to miR-525-5p target. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that miR-525-5p expression was lower in LN229 and U251 glioma cells than in human astrocyte (HA) (P < 0. 05) . Transwell assay and 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) cell proliferation assay verified that down- or up-regulation of miR-525-5p could reverse the effects of overexpression or knockdown of PLIN3 on LN229 glioma cells (P<0. 05) . Taken together, miR-525-5p was able to regulate the migration, invasion and proliferation of glioma cells by targeting PLIN3.

Linear measurement of digital pelvic of normal Tibetan nationality female in Lhasa / 解剖学报

Objective To explore the range of normal female pelvic diameter lines in Tibetan nationality. Methods The subjects were Tibetan nationality female who underwent pelvic CT examination in the Radiology Department from January 2016 to December 2019 at the General Hospital of the Tibet Military Region of PLA. Ninty-six samples between the ages of 22 and 65 years, with an average age (46.06±11.42)years were recruited. Mimics 19.0 software was used to construct the digital three-dimensional model of pelvis, and to measure transverse diameter(TD), obstetric conjugate(OC), interspinous distance(ISD), sagittal midpelvic diameter(SMD), intertuberous distance(ITD), sagittal outlet diameter(SOD),diagonal conjugate diameter(DCD),sacrum length(SL), penal height(PH).Analysis of variance was used to compare different age groups, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between age and pelvic diameter. Results The linear measurement of TD was (132.08±6.15) mm, OC was (112.44±9.43) mm, ISD was (107.30±8.70), SMD was (129.06±7.73) mm, ITD was (123.02±12.08) mm, SOD was (118.80±8.87) mm, DCD was (127.49±9.80) mm, SL was (102.56±10.88) mm and PH was (36.57±4.57) mm.Cluster analysis showed that Lhasa Tibetans were closest to Uygurs. Conclusion The close clustering relationship between Tibetans and Uygurs in Lhasa suggests that there is a possibility of gene exchange between Tibetans and Uygurs in Hotan area in ancient times. The pelvic diameter of Tibetan women in Lhasa has changed significantly. Narrower OC, SL and PH make the pelvis flat, which is more and more detrimental to natural childbirth.

SuanZaoRen decoction amliorates mitochondrial dysfunction of APP/PS1 mice via activating AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the effect of Suanzaoren decoction(SZRD) on mitochondrial dysfunction in AD model of APP/PS1 mice via AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway and to reveal the possible mechanism. Methods Thirty APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into app /PS1 group, low-dose SZRD group(L-SZRD) and high-dose SZRD group(H-SZRD). Ten C57BL/6JNju mice were set as control group(WT). Morris water maze test was used to detect the learning and memory ability of mice. Thioflavin T staining was used to observe senile plaques hippocampus. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression level of Aβ in hippocampus. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the mitochondrial morph hology in hippocampus. Kits were employed to detect the contents of ATP and ROS in hippocampus; Western blot was employed to detect the expression levels of AMPK, p-AMPKThrK172, SIRT1, PGC-1α, NRF1, NRF2 and TFAM in hippocampus. Results Compared to the APP/PS1 group, L-SZRD and H-SZRD induced mouse cognitive impairment, reduced the deposition of senile plaques, inhibited the expression of Aβ, improved the damage of mitochondrial structure, increased the content of ATP in the hippocampus, reduced the expression level of ROS in hippocampus and increased the expression of p-AMPK-ThrK172, SIRT1, PGC-1α, NRF1, NRF2, TFAM Conclusions SZRD could improve the cognitive impairment, senile plaque deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction of AD mice, and its mechanism may be involved in the up-regulation of the expression of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.Reduced the Deposition of Senile Plaques, Inhibited the Expression of Aβ, Improved The Damage of Mitochondric Structure, Increased the Content of At in TH. E hippocampus, Reduced the Expression level of Ros in Hippocampus and Increased The Expression of P-Ampk-Thrk172, SIRT1, SIRT1 PGC-1α, NRF1, NRF2, TFAM. Conclusions SZRD could improve the cognitive impairment, senile plaque deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction of AD mice, and its mechanism may be involved in the up-regulation of the expression of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.Reduced the Deposition of Senile Plaques, Inhibited the Expression of Aβ, Improved The Damage of Mitochondric Structure, Increased the Content of At in TH. E hippocampus, Reduced the Expression level of Ros in Hippocampus and Increased The Expression of P-Ampk-Thrk172, SIRT1, SIRT1 PGC-1α, NRF1, NRF2, TFAM. Conclusions SZRD could improve the cognitive impairment, senile plaque deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction of AD mice, and its mechanism may be involved in the up-regulation of the expression of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.Senile plaque deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction of AD mice, and its mechanism may be involved in the up-regulation of the expression of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.Senile plaque deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction of AD mice, and its mechanism may be involved in the up-regulation of the expression of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

Meta-analysis of therapeutic effect of intense pulsed light combined with meibomian gland expression on meibomian gland dysfunction related dry eye / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of intense pulsed light(IPL)combined with meibomian gland expression(MGX)in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)-related dry eye disease(DED).METHODS: Chinese and English databases such as Chinese national knowledge infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang, VIP, CBM, ClinicalTrials, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched, and clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs)using IPL combined with MGX in the experimental group and MGX alone in the control group from January 2017 to September 2022 were included. Six outcome indicators including clinical efficacy, ocular surface disease index(OSDI)score, break-up time(BUT), corneal fluorescein staining(CFS)score, tear meniscus height(TMH)and meibomian gland yielding secretion score(MGYSS)were Meta analyzed by Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 14 software.RESULTS: A total of 15 RCTs were included, with 1 345 patients with MGD-related dry eye. Meta-analysis results showed that the treatment of MGD-related dry eye in the experimental group improved better clinical efficacy(OR=4.95, 95%CI: 2.76～8.90, Z=5.35, P&#x0026;#x003C;0.00001), BUT(SMD=1.26, 95%CI: 0.84～1.69, Z=5.78, P&#x0026;#x003C;0.00001), TMH(SMD=0.37, 95%CI: 0.15～0.59, Z=3.33, P=0.0009), and reduced OSDI scores(SMD=-0.86, 95%CI: -1.44～-0.27, Z=2.85, P=0.004)as well as MGYSS(SMD=-2.43, 95%CI: -4.31～-0.54, Z=2.52, P=0.01)than the control group. However, there was no statistically significant difference in CFS scores(SMD=-0.19, 95%CI: -0.46～0.07, Z=1.43, P=0.15).CONCLUSION: IPL combined with MGX in the treatment of MGD related dry eye can increase the overall effective rate and improve the symptoms and signs of patients with MGD related dry eye better than MGX alone.

Screening of active components and preliminary mechanism exploration of Lycii Fructus for improving osteoporosis based on the zebrafish model / 药学学报

Juvenile zebrafish were used to screen the active components of Lycii Fructus for improving osteoporosis. The screening results were further verified by zebrafish adult osteoporosis model and the action mechanism was explored. Prednisolone was used as the inducer to build osteoporosis models of juvenile and adult zebrafish, and 9 groups of samples of different extracts and chemical parts of Lycii Fructus were given. Alizarin red staining was applied for observing the scale matrix mineralization and bone resorption. The activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts were detected using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP/TRACP) staining. The expressions of bone metabolism-related genes alp, osteoprotectin (opn), osteoblast specific transcription factor (sp7), cathepsin K (ctsk), tracp, and Runt family transcription factor 2b (runx2b) in each group were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that all components of Lycii Fructus improved the formation area of the first vertebrae, the staining light density value, and the number of vertebrae joints in juvenile zebrafish and the Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) treatment group exerted the best effect. In addition, LBP prevented the formation of bone resorption lacunae in zebrafish scales, increased ALP activity, decreased TRAP activity, up-regulated the alp, sp7, and opn genes, and lowered the expressions of ctsk and tracp genes. In conclusion, LBP regulated the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, reduced bone resorption, promoted bone formation and enhanced bone density, which might be the main anti-osteoporosis active fraction of Lycii Fructus. This study provided modern scientific evidence for the scientific connotation of the traditional effect of "strengthening bones and muscles" of Lycii Fructus, provided the reference for the evaluation of the anti-osteoporosis activity of traditional Chinese medicine based on zebrafish adult model, and provided beneficial enlightenment for the bone health needs of the aging society population.

Clinical Analysis of SET-NUP214 Fusion Gene Positive Patients with Acute Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the characteristics and prognosis of acute leukemia(AL) with SET-NUP214 fusion gene.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 17 patients over 14 years old newly diagnosed with SET-NUP214 positive AL admitted in Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital from August 2017 to May 2021 were analyzed retrospectively.@*RESULTS@#Among the 17 SET-NUP214 positive patients, 13 cases were diagnosed as T-ALL (ETP 3 cases, Pro-T-ALL 6 cases, Pre-T-ALL 3 cases, Medullary-T-ALL 1 case), AML 3 cases (2 cases M5, 1 case M0) and ALAL 1 case. Thirteen patients presented extramedullary infiltration at initial diagnosis. All 17 patients received treatment, and a total of 16 cases achieved complete remission (CR), including 12 cases in patients with T-ALL. The total median OS and RFS time were 23 (3-50) months and 21 (0-48) months, respectively. Eleven patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT), with median OS time of 37.5 (5-50) months and median RFS time of 29.5 (5-48) months. The median OS time of 6 patients in chemotherapy-only group was 10.5 (3-41) months, and median RFS time of 6.5 (3-39) months. The OS and RFS of patients with transplantation group were better than those of chemotherapy-only group (P=0.038). Among the 4 patients who relapsed or refractory after allo-HSCT, the SET-NUP214 fusion gene did not turn negative before transplantation. While, in the group of 7 patients who have not relapsed after allo-HSCT till now, the SET-NUP214 fusion gene expression of 5 patients turned negative before transplantation and other 2 of them were still positive.@*CONCLUSION@#The fusion site of SET-NUP214 fusion gene is relatively fixed in AL patients, often accompanied by extramedullary infiltration. The chemotherapy effect of this disease is poor, and allo-HSCT may improve its prognosis.

Recompensation of complications in patients with hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis treated with entecavir antiviral therapy / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To analyze the occurrence of recompensation conditions in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis after entecavir antiviral therapy. Methods: Patients with hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis with ascites as the initial manifestation were prospectively enrolled. Patients who received entecavir treatment for 120 weeks and were followed up every 24 weeks (including clinical endpoint events, hematological and imaging indicators, and others) were calculated for recompensation rates according to the Baveno VII criteria. Measurement data were compared using the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U test between groups. Categorical data were compared by the χ (2) test or Fisher's exact probability method between groups. Results: 283 of the 320 enrolled cases completed the 120-week follow-up, and 92.2% (261/283) achieved a virological response (HBV DNA 20 IU/ml). Child-Pugh and MELD scores were significantly improved after treatment (8.33 ± 1.90 vs. 5.77 ± 1.37, t = 12.70, P < 0.001; 13.37 ± 4.44 vs. 10.45 ± 4.58, t = 5.963, P < 0.001). During the 120-week follow-up period, 14 cases died, two received liver transplants, 19 developed hepatocellular cancer, 11 developed gastroesophageal variceal bleeding, and four developed hepatic encephalopathy. 60.4% (171/283) (no decompensation events occurred for 12 months) and 56.2% (159/283) (no decompensation events occurred for 12 months and improved liver function) of the patients had achieved clinical recompensation within 120 weeks. Patients with baseline MELD scores > 15 after active antiviral therapy achieved higher recompensation than patients with baseline MELD scores ≤15 [50/74 (67.6%) vs. 109/209 (52.2%), χ (2) = 5.275, P = 0.029]. Conclusion: Antiviral therapy can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis. The majority of patients (56.2%) had achieved recompensation. Patients with severe disease did not have a lower probability of recompensation at baseline than other patients.

Clinical characteristics of 11 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia with t (14;19) (q32;q13) / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of 11 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with t (14;19) (q32;q13) . Methods: The case data of 11 patients with CLL with t (14;19) (q32;q13) in the chromosome karyotype analysis results of the Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 1, 2018, to July 30, 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. Results: In all 11 patients, t (14;19) (q32;q13) involved IGH::BCL3 gene rearrangement, and most of them were accompanied by +12 or complex karyotype. An immunophenotypic score of 4-5 was found in 7 patients and 3 in 4 cases. We demonstrated that CLLs with t (14;19) (q32;q13) had a mutational pattern with recurrent mutations in NOTCH1 (3/7), FBXW7 (3/7), and KMT2D (2/7). The very-high-risk, high-risk, intermediate-risk, and low-risk groups consisted of 1, 1, 6, and 3 cases, respectively. Two patients died, 8 survived, and 2 were lost in follow-up. Four patients had disease progression or relapse during treatment. The median time to the first therapy was 1 month. Conclusion: t (14;19) (q32;q13), involving IGH::BCL3 gene rearrangement, is a rare recurrent cytogenetic abnormality in CLL, which is associated with a poor prognosis.

Conservative treatment of supination and external rotation for type Ⅲ and Ⅳankle fracture by bone setting / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore curative effect of conservative treatment of supination-lateral rotation (SER) with type Ⅲ and Ⅳ ankle fracture by bone setting technique.@*METHODS@#From January 2017 to December 2019, 64 patients diagnosed with SER with type Ⅲ and Ⅳ ankle fracture were treated with manipulative reduction and conservative treatment (manipulation group) and surgical treatment with open reduction and internal fixation (operation group), 32 patients in each group. In manipulation group, there were 17 males and 15 females, aged from 15 to 79 years old with an average of (51.42±13.68) years old;according to Lauge-Hansen classification, there were 8 patients with supination external rotation type Ⅲ and 24 patients with type Ⅳ. In operation group, there were 13 males and 19 females, aged from 18 to 76 years old with an average of (47.36±15.02) years old;7 patients with type Ⅲ and 25 patients with type Ⅳ. Displacement of ankle fracture was measured by Digimizer software, and compared before treatment, 3 and 12 months after treatment between two groups. Lateral medial malleolus displacement, lateral medial malleolus displacement, lateral malleolus displacement, lateral malleolus displacement, lateral malleolus contraction displacement and posterior malleolus displacement were measured and compared between two groups. Mazur score was used to evaluate ankle joint function.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up from 12 to 36 months with an average of (17.16±9.36) months. There were statistical differences in lateral medial malleolus displacement, lateral medial malleolus displacement, lateral malleolus displacement, lateral malleolus displacement, lateral malleolus contraction displacement and posterior malleolus displacement in manipulation group before and after reduction(P<0.05). Compared with operation group, there were no statistically significant differences in lateral malleolus shift, lateral malleolus shift, lateral malleolus contraction shift(P>0.05), while there were statistically significant differences in lateral malleolus shift, posterior malleolus shift up and down (P<0.05). Mazur scores of ankle joint at 3 months after treatment in manipulation group and operation group were 68.84±13.08 and 82.53±7.31, respectively, and had statistical differences(P<0.05), while there was no difference in evaluation of clnical effect(P>0.05). There were no differences in Mazur score and evaluation of clnical effect between two groups at 12 months after treatment (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Bone setting technique could effectively correct lateral displacement of medial malleolus, lateral displacement of medial malleolus, lateral displacement of lateral malleolus and lateral contraction displacement of lateral malleolus in supination lateral rotation type Ⅲ and Ⅳ ankle fracture, and has good long-term clinical effect, which could avoid operation for some patients and restore ankle function after fracture.

Effect and mechanism of Zuogui Pills on neural function recovery in ischemic stroke mice based on OPN/IGF-1/mTOR / 中国中药杂志

To explore the effect and mechanism of Zuogui Pills in promoting neural tissue recovery and functional recovery in mice with ischemic stroke. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a sham group, a model group, and low-, medium, and high-dose Zuogui Pills groups(3.5, 7, and 14 g·kg~(-1)), with 15 mice in each group. The ischemic stroke model was established using photochemical embolization. Stiker remove and irregular ladder walking behavioral tests were conducted before modeling and on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after medication. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining was performed on day 3 after modeling, and T2-weighted imaging(T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) were performed on day 28 after medication to evaluate the extent of brain injury. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was performed to observe the histology of the cerebral cortex. Axonal marker proteins myelin basic protein(MBP), growth-associated protein 43(GAP43), mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR), and its downstream phosphorylated s6 ribosomal protein(p-S6), as well as mechanism-related proteins osteopontin(OPN) and insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1), were detected using immunofluorescence and Western blot. Zuogui Pills had a certain restorative effect on the neural function impairment caused by ischemic stroke in mice. TTC staining showed white infarct foci in the sensory-motor cortex area, and T2WI imaging revealed cystic necrosis in the sensory-motor cortex area. The Zuogui Pills groups showed less brain tissue damage, fewer scars, and more capillaries. The number of neuronal axons in those groups was higher than that in the model group, and neuronal activity was stronger. The expression of GAP43, OPN, IGF-1, and mTOR proteins in the Zuogui Pills groups was higher than that in the model group. In summary, Zuogui Pills can promote the recovery of neural function and axonal growth in mice with ischemic stroke, and its mechanism may be related to the activation of the OPN/IGF-1/mTOR signaling pathway.

One new glycoside naphthopyranone from the Yiling cave-derived Metarhizium anisopliae NHC-M3-2 / 药学学报

Seven compounds were isolated from fermentation extract of cave-derived Metarhizium anisopliae NHC-M3-2 by silica gel, semi-preparative HPLC and other chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, MS and NMR methods as 2,3-dehydroindigotide G (1), (-)-regiolone (2), naphtho-γ-pyrone (3), indigotide G (4), indigotide B (5) destruxin A (6) and destruxin B (7). Compound 1 is a new glycoside naphthopyranone compound. The anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity of these compounds was evaluated. The EC50 and CC50 of compound 3 against HBV were 4.5 μmol·L-1 and 92.3 μmol·L-1, respectively. This is the first report of the antiviral activity of compound 3.

Research progress of TRPV4 in glaucoma optic neuropathy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Glaucomatous optic neuropathy(GON)is the difficulty of glaucoma treatment. In recent years, a variety of theories have been put forward about the pathogenesis of GON, but none of them can explain the principle of optic neuropathy caused by all types of glaucoma, which makes the disease difficult to treat in clinical treatment and is not conducive to early intervention. The latest research found that the transient receptor potential channel vanillic acid subfamily 4(TRPV4)in the retina plays an important role in various pathogenesis of GON. This article will review TRPV4 and its role in the occurrence and development of GON in order to find a common “connection point” for the multiple mechanism theories of GON, which will contribute to further understanding and clinical treatment of the disease.

Prenatal pyrethroid pesticides exposure and neurodevelopment of 2-year-old children: a birth cohort study / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the influence and critical windows of prenatal exposure to pyrethroid pesticides (PYRs) on neurodevelopment of 2-year-old children. Methods: The subjects of this study were derived from the Xuanwei Birth Cohort. A total of 482 pregnant women who participated in the rural district of Xuanwei birth cohort from January 2016 to December 2018 were included. Maternal urinary concentrations of PYRs metabolites during 8-12 gestational weeks, 20-23 gestational weeks and 32-35 gestational weeks were measured with ultra high performance liquid chromatography system coupled with a tandem mass spectrometry detector. Child neurodevelopment was evaluated with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-Third Edition at 2 years of age. Multivariate linear regression models and binary logistic regression models were used to assess the association between PYRs exposure during pregnancy and children's neurodevelopment. Results: A total of 360 mother-child pairs had complete data on maternal urinary PYRs metabolites detection and children's neurodevelopment assessment. The detection rate of any one PYRs metabolites during the first, second and third trimester were 93.6% (337/360), 90.8% (327/360) and 94.2% (339/360), respectively. The neurodevelopmental scores of Cognitive, Language, Motor, Social-Emotional, and Adaptive Behavior of 2-year-old children were (102.3±18.9), (100.2±16.3), (102.0±20.3), (107.8±23.3) and (85.8±18.6) points, respectively. After controlling for confounding factors, 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4F3PBA, one of PYRs metabolites) exposure in the first trimester reduced Motor (β=-5.02, 95%CI: -9.08, -0.97) and Adaptive Behavior (β=-4.12, 95%CI:-7.92, -0.32) scores of 2-year-old children, and increased risk of developmental delay of adaptive behavior (OR=2.07, 95%CI:1.13-3.82). Conclusion: PYRs exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy may affect neurodevelopment of 2-year-old children, and the first trimester may be the critical window.

Clinical value of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of retroperitoneal tumors / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To explore the clinical value of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of retroperitoneal tumors. Methods: The clinical data of 13 patients with retroperitoneal tumors treated with ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to January 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The ablation effect was evaluated and the postoperative complications were observed. The changes of tumor volume before and after radiofrequency ablation were compared. Results: The symptoms of pain and dyspepsia were significantly improved after radiofrequency ablation, and the hospital stay was (9.2±2.9) days. The tumor was ablated completely in 10 cases, tumor residual in 1 case and tumor metastasis in 2 cases. One patient had postoperative duodenal perforation complicated with intra-abdominal infection, and no serious complications occurred in other patients. There were 20 lesions in 13 patients. The maximum diameter of 20 lesions before operation and 1, 3, 6 months after operation were (39.5±15.9) mm, (30.6±4.9)mm, (15.6±7.7) mm and (9.9±3.1) mm, respectively, the maximum diameters of 1, 3 and 6 months after operation were smaller than that before operation (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation is a real-time, accurate, safe and effective minimally invasive treatment with few complications, and has a high clinical value for retroperitoneal tumors.

Effects of biofeedback dialysis mode of blood volume monitoring on cardiac function in the maintenance hemodialysis patients with intra-dialytic hypotension / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To discuss the effects of biofeedback dialysis mode of blood volume monitoring on cardiac function in the maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with intra-dialytic hypotension (IDH).Methods:40 patients who underwent maintenance hemodialysis in Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from September 2018 to December 2020 and had IDH for many times were selected. They were divided into standard dialysis (SHD) group and biofeedback dialysis mode of blood volume monitoring (BVM) group, with 20 cases in each group. In the first 12 weeks of the first stage, the patients in both groups were treated with standard dialysis, and in the second 12 weeks, they were treated with maintenance hemodialysis according to standard dialysis and biofeedback dialysis mode of blood volume monitoring. The incidence of IDH and the changes of blood pressure before and after dialysis, body weight, ultrafiltration volume, B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPW), inlet ventricular septal defect (IVSD), mitral valve flow spectrum E/A value (E/A) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were observed.Results:(1) In the second stage of treatment, the number of IDH requiring nursing intervention in BVM group was significantly lower than that in SHD group ( P<0.05). (2) The difference of blood pressure change in BVM group during the second stage of treatment was significantly lower than that in the first stage and SHD group ( P<0.05). (3) In the second stage of treatment, the ultrafiltration volume of patients in BVM group was significantly higher than that in the first stage, and the BNP and body weight were significantly lower than that in the first stage (all P<0.05). However, the body weight, BNP and ultrafiltration volume of patients in SHD group had no significan change in the two stages of treatment (all P>0.05). (4) After treatment, the LVID, LVPW, IVSD and LVMI in BVM group were significantly lower than those before treatment, and LVEF and E/A were significantly higher than those before treatment (all P<0.05). However, there was no significant change in echocardiographic indexes in SHD group before and after treatment (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The biofeedback dialysis mode of blood volume monitoring can significantly reduce the occurrence of IDH, and this dialysis mode can effectively improve the cardiac function of MHD patients with hypotension.