A survey on AIDS discrimination among medical college students / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the related knowledge, discrimination attitudes toward HIV/AIDS among medical college students, and to provide scientific evidence for further HIV/AIDS anti-discrimination intervention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By means of stratified cluster sampling to classes, 2844 undergraduate students were randomly selected from medical colleges. A self-designed and self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted, and SPSS 13.0 software was used for data analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>2501 valid questionnaires had been collected. The overall HIV/AIDS knowledge coverage rate of the respondents was 73.1% (1828/2501); The HIV/AIDS discrimination rates in different questions were varying, the discrimination rate of infected with AIDS by bad sex and sharing needles was 83.1% (2078/2501) and 77.7% (1943/2501) respectively, the discrimination rates in term of contacting with HIV patients and their daily necessities, sharing desks, personal social were all exceeding 40%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The medical students held serious discrimination attitudes to HIV infected persons and patients; it is necessary to strengthen anti-discrimination education about HIV/AIDS among medical students.</p>

Study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations in human sporadic breast cancers / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in sporadic breast cancer and study the relationship between BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and breast cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Breast cancer tissues of 144 patients and breast tissues of 30 cases of healthy people who were treated from December 2000 to September 2005 were studied. DNA was extracted by the phenol-chloroform method. Fragments of exon 2, exon 3, exon 5, exon 6, exon 7, exon 8, exon 9, exon 10, exon 11, exon 12, exon 13, exon 14, exon 15, exon 16, exon 17, exon 18, exon 19, exon 20, exon 21, exon 22, exon 23 and exon 24 in the BRCA1 gene and exon 10 and exon 14 in the BRCA2 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Mutation screening was performed by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and alterations were confirmed by DNA sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 20 single nucleotide changes in BRCA1 were detected in the 144 cases of breast cancer patients. The total mutation rate was 13.9% and missense mutation rate was 11.1%. No mutation was detected in the BRCA2 and controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Mutations in BRCA1 may play an important role in evaluation of sick risk, earlier diagnosis and gene therapy of breast cancer in southern Chinese populations.</p>

Comparative study on clinical effect of postoperative arterial infusion chemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy in gastric cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the clinical effect of postoperative arterial infusion chemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy in gastric cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 1997 to July 2002, the patients undergoing radical gastric resection were randomly divided into two groups, and received systemic or arterial infusion chemotherapy three weeks after radical resection. Systemic chemotherapy was carried out for two courses with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), pirarubicin (THP), and mitomycin (MMC) administered according to FAM program, while arterial infusion chemotherapy for four courses with the same anticancer drugs infused via the celiac artery. The outcomes were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Systemic chemotherapy was carried out in 188 cases, and arterial infusion chemotherapy in 180 cases. There were no significant differences in sex, age, tumor location, histological type, TNM stage and surgical procedure between the two groups (P > 0.05). The 1, 3, 5 year survival rates were 87.2%, 53.7% and 43.1% in systemic chemotherapy, and 93.3%, 72.2% and 53.6% in arterial infusion chemotherapy respectively (P< 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The survival rate of the patients with arterial infusion chemotherapy is higher than that with systemic chemotherapy, which indicates that arterial infusion chemotherapy can remarkably improve the prognosis of the patients with gastric cancer.</p>