Self-assembled aggregations in Coptidis Rhizoma decoction dynamically regulate intestinal tissue permeability through Peyer's patch-associated immunity / 中草药·英文版

Objective: To investigate the dynamic regulation of self-assembled aggregations (SAA) in Coptidis Rhizoma decoction on the permeability of intestinal tissue and the mechanism underlying. Methods: The effects of SAA on berberine (Ber) absorption were respectively analyzed in an in situ intestinal perfusion model and in an Ussing Chamber jejunum model with or without Peyer's patches (PPs). The expression levels of ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-1 were detected by immunofluorescence to evaluate the tight junction (TJ) between intestinal epithelium cells. The expression levels of T-box-containing protein expressed in T cells, signal transducers and activators of tranion-6, retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt and forkhead box P3 in PPs were detected by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and the secretions of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in PPs were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, to reflect the differentiation of T lymphocyte in PPs to helper T (Th) cell 1, Th2, Th17 and regulatory T (Treg) cell. To confirm the correlation between SAA in Coptidis Rhizoma decoction, PPs-associated immunity and intestinal epithelium permeability, SAA were administrated on an Ussing Chamber jejunum model with immunosuppressed PPs and evaluated its influences on intestinal tissue permeability and TJ proteins expression. Results: SAA in Coptidis Rhizoma decoction could dose-dependently promote Ber absorption in jejunum segment, with the participation of PPs. The dose-dependent and dynamical regulations of SAA on permeability of intestinal tissue and TJ proteins expression level between intestinal epithelium cells occurred along with the dynamically changed T lymphocyte differentiation and immune effectors secretion in PPs. The administration of SAA on immunosuppressed PPs exhibited dose-dependent PPs activation, inducing dynamic promotion on intestinal tissue permeability and inhibition on TJ proteins expression. Conclusion: SAA can improve the Ber absorption in small intestine, through the PPs-associated immunity induced dynamic regulation on intestinal tissue permeability and TJ proteins expression. These findings might enlighten the research of traditional Chinese medicine decoction.

Effect of Dendrobium officinale on Yin deficiency constipation induced by warm-drying medicine in mice / 中国中药杂志

Dendrobium officinale is a sacred product for nourishing Yin and has a clear "thick gastrointestinal" effect. Modern pharmacological studies had found that it could improve gastrointestinal function. This study observed the improvement effect of D. officinale on constipation model mice with Yin deficiency caused by warm-drying medicine. It provided experimental basis for the treatment of Yin deficiency constipation. The male and female ICR mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, D. officinale high, medium and low dose groups(0.6, 0.4, 0.2 g·kg~(-1)), and phenolphthalein tablets group. The model mice of Yin deficiency constipation were established by gavage with warm-drying medicine. The overall state and body temperature of the mice were observed and recorded. The number of feces, feces weight, fecal moisture content and intestinal propulsion were measured. The morphological damage of colon tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in the colon was detected by Western blot and immunohistochemical method. The expression of iNOS mRNA in the colon was detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the serum cyclic guanosine phosphate(cGMP) level was detected the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The results showed that D. candidum could reduce the body temperature of mice with Yin deficiency constipation, increase the number of feces, wet feces, dry feces and intestinal propulsion ability, reduce the expression of iNOS protein and mRNA in the colon, and reduce the content of cGMP in the serum. It showed that D. candidum could improve the symptoms of Yin deficiency constipation mice caused by warm-drying medicine, and the mechanism may be related to reducing the expression of iNOS in the colon and increasing intestinal motility.

Effect of Dendrobium officinale superfine powder on stomach Yin deficiency model mice induced by "spicy overeating" / 中国中药杂志

Dendrobium officinale is a traditional Chinese medicine for nourishing Yin and benefiting stomach. Its superfine powder has many advantages, such as good dissolution, high utilization rate, strong integrity and easy to use. However, the researches on effect of D. officinale superfine powder on stomach Yin deficiency model are still not sufficient. In this experiment, we explored the effect of D. officinale superfine powder in mice model with stomach Yin deficiency caused by "spicy overeating", and provided certain reference value for its application in gastrointestinal diseases. Male ICR mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Yiweitang group, omeprazole group, and D. officinale superfine powder high, medium and low dose groups. The mixture of wine and pepper liquid was given by gavage administration for 30 d, and the corresponding drug was given for 60 d while the model was conti-nued. The body weight, food intake, water intake, fecal moisture content and particle number, foot temperature of mice were measured. The levels of serum gastrin(Gas), motilin(MTL) and somatostatin(SS) were measured by ELISA. Gastric histomorpho-logy was observed by HE staining. The expression levels of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) were determined by immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax) in gastric tissues were detected by Western blot. The results showed that D. officinale superfine powder could increase the food intake, water intake, fecal moisture content and particle number, reduce the foot temperature, improve the pathological changes of gastric mucosa, reduce the expression of NF-κB, COX-2 protein in gastric tissues, and increase the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. D. officinale superfine powder can "nourish Yin and benefit the stomach", improve the syndrome of stomach Yin deficiency, such as "hunger but not want to eat, dry mouth but not want to drink, hand and feet hot, constipation", and reduce the damage of gastric mucosa. The mechanism may be related to regulating the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones, inhibiting the inflammation of gastric tissues and promoting the apoptosis of abnormal cells in gastric tissues.

Genetic characteristics of hemagglutinin gene of H9N2 avian influenza viruses isolated from live poultry markets in Anhui Province from 2013 to 2018 / 中华疾病控制杂志

@#Objective To analyze genetic characteristics of hemagglutinin( HA) gene of H9N2 avian influenza viruses( AIVs) circulating in Anhui Province from 2013 to 2018． Methods All H9N2 positive samples tested by real－time polymerase chain reaction( PCＲ) were inoculated into specific patho- gen free ( SPF) chicken eggs for isolation and purification． Viral ＲNA was reversely transcribed into cD- NA and then amplified with gene specific primers． PCＲ products were sequenced and the gene sequences were analyzed using molecular and bioinformatics software． The DATAMONKEY online server was conducted to analyze selection pressure，and protein structure homology modelling was computed by the SWISS－MODEL server． Ｒesults 33 H9N2 AIVs isolated from live poultry markets belonged to h9．4．2．5 in the phylogenetic tree． The receptor binding sites of HA gene at 183，226 and 227 position were mutated into N，L and M，respectively． Meanwhile 189 and 190 sites presented with genetic polymorphism． Since 2015，all H9N2 viruses in this study carried 6 potential N－linked glycosylation sites． It was found that po- sition 160 of HA gene was subjected greater positive selection pressure，presented 7 spatial conformations at least． Conclusions The H9N2 viruses isolated from live poultry markets in Anhui Province possess the molecular characteristics of infecting mammals and the ability of antigenic drift，so we need to pay more attention to the genetic characteristics of the viruses．

Analysis of drug resistance pattern and genes of Salmonella.spp isolated from human infections in Anhui Province / 中华预防医学杂志

To investigate the drug resistance pattern and drug resistance genotypes of Salmonella. spp isolated from fecal specimens and anal swabs of diarrhea cases in Anhui Province. The 149 strains of Salmonella.spp isolated from feces and anal swabs of diarrhea cases in Anhui Province from April to October 2017 were selected. The serotypes of Salmonella.spp were identified by slide agglutination. The susceptibility of all strains to 14 antibiotics were determined by micro-broth dilution method. Sixty of the cephalosporin-resistant antibiotics were selected. The β-lactamase encoding genes , , (1), (2), , , , and colistin resistance genes 1 and 2 were performed using the multi-PCR method. Of the 149 diarrhea cases, the median ((25), (75)) of the age was 5.0 (1.1, 38.5). The 92 of them were male and 54.4% were children. Of the 149 strains of Salmonella.spp, 105 strains had different degrees of resistance to 13 antibiotics other than imipenem. The resistance rate of ampicillin was 55.0% (82/149), which was the highest. 53.0% strains (79 strains) were multidrug resistant, main of which were Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis. A total of 53 resistance patterns were detected, and 10 strains were resistant to ampicillin-ampicillin/sulbactam-tetracycline-chloramphenicol-cefazolin-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, which was the most common resistance pattern. Among the 60 cephalosporin resistant strains, 45 strains carried (1), 6 of which also carried (14) and 3 of which also carried (65). All the 32 strains carried only (1) show resistance to ampicillin and 31 of them show resistance to cefazolin. There were 2 strains showing negative results of gene detection. 1 was detected in a multidrug resistant strain. The resistance of Salmonella.spp to ampicillin shows a serious situation in this region, and there were a number of multidrug resistant strains. The (1) was the major drug resistance gene detected in this research. Detection of the 1 suggests the emergence of surveillance to colistin resistance of Salmonella.spp in this area.

Establishment and exercise of a rapid response team for obstetrics / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

Because of the mutation,variability and variability of obstetric conditions,it is particularly important to establish a rapid response team in the maternity department that can effectively deal withmaternal conditions at an early stage of development,rather than waiting for their deterioration before resuscitating them.The establishment of obstetric RRT requires the support of hospitals,obstetrics and other departments.Training,drills,and assessments after the completion of the RRT also need to be carried out regularly,so that the RRT team continues to be improved.

Effect of Yunkang Oral Liquid on preventing LPS-induced abortion and regulating immune tolerance in mice / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the effect of Yunkang Oral Liquid on preventing lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced abortion and regulating immune tolerance in mice,sixty normal ICR mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group,Yunkang Oral Liquid high,middle and low dose groups and progesterone group.Abortion model was established by tail vain injection of LPS(0.1μg/mouse)on the 7th day of pregnancy.Since the first day of pregnancy,the same volume of distilled water,Yunkang Oral Liquid at the dose of 36,18 and 9 m L·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),and progesterone at the dose of 0.038 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)were given in corresponding groups.The mice were sacrificed at the 9th day of pregnancy,and the embryo loss of each group was calculated.The levels of Th1 type cytokines(TNF-α,IFN-γ)and Th2 type cytokines(IL-4,IL-10)in uterus homogenate were detected by ELISA.HE staining was performed to examine the histopathological changes in the decidua.The expression levels of CD14,F4/80 in macrophages of uterus were detected by immunohistochemistry.Western blot was used to investigate the protein expression of TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB in uterine decidua.In our study,all Yunkang Oral Liquid groups could significantly reduce the embryo absorption rate of mice,while high dose group can significantly increase the levels of IL-10 and IL-4;both medium and high dose groups can significantly decrease TNF-α,and IFN-γlevelsin the uterus of model mice,reduce the protein expression of NF-κB,MyD88 and TLR4 in uterine decidua tissue.Various treatment groups could reduce the counts of F4/80,CD14 macrophages and decrease expression area in uterine tissue.Our results showed that Yunkang Oral Liquid could prevent LPS-induced abortion,and the mechanism may be associated with inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and regulating the balance of Th1/Th2 immune factors,which could improve the endometrial receptivity of mice,and promote the development of decidua and implantation of embryo.

Effect of Astragaloside Ⅳ on Regulation of PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 Signal in Kidney of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the protective effect of astragaloside (AS) Ⅳ on kidney in type 2 diabetic nephropathy rats and its regulation effect on phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/forkhead box O1(FoxO1) signaling, and investigate the mechanism of glycosides against type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Method:After 6 weeks of high-glucose and high-fat diet, rat models of type 2 diabetes were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg·kg-1) and randomly divided into model group, AS-Ⅳ (20, 40, 80 mg·kg-1) groups and metformin hydrochloride (positive) group. After 8 weeks of continuous administration, changes in body weight, kidney index, blood glucose, 24-hour urinary protein, urinary microalbumin, urinary creatinine, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen were measured in each group; hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of renal tissues; Masson trichrome staining was used to observe the collagen expression level. Periodontium hexaammine silver (PASM) staining was used to observe the changes of basement membrane. Immunohistochemistry assay was used to detect phospho-FoxO1(p-FoxO1) protein expression, and Western blot was used to analyze the expression levels of autophagy marker protein PI3K, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)/Ⅱ, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)/adenovirus E1B19 kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), Beclin1, p-Akt, and Akt. Result:As compared with the normal group, the glomerular basement membrane of the model group was thicker; the extracellular matrix was increased; the mesangial was expanded; the collagen was significantly increased; the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signal was increased(PPPPPPConclusion:AS-Ⅳ may increase the autophagic activity of renal cells by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signal, slowing down the development of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Selection of peptides bind to PreS1 antigen from a phage-displayed peptide library / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To screen for peptides that specifically bind to PreS1 antigen from a phage-displayed peptide library. Methods: The PreS1 antigen was used as the target molecule to screen the binding peptide from the Ph. D. -7 peptide library with phage display technique, and the positive clones were identified by ELISA. Results: After three rounds of biopanning, the binding peptides were screened from the peptide library by ELISA and competitive inhibiting ELISA. Sequencing result showed that the binding peptides had high affinity and specificity. Conclusion: A peptide binding PreS1 antigen has been successfully obtained by screening the phage display library, which paves a way for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B infection.