RESUMO
On the basis of systematic evaluation of 32 provincial capital cities and municipalities in their capacity for preventing and controlling emerging infectious diseases, focus analysis is made on Wuhan in relation to its advantages and disadvantages as follows:There has been a legal basis for epidemic prevention according to law, but it has not translated into effective action.There has been an organizational basis for responding to epidemic, but coordination mechanism has not been effectively established.The management mechanism has been complete, but the division of responsibilities among different departments has not been clear.The monitoring network has been set up, but its role of "predictive warning" has not been played.Insufficiency of public health service delivery was observed owing to lack of financial investment.In cities of China, advantages and disadvantages have been both existent in their capacity to prevent and control of emerging infectious disease.We should be vigilant in this regard. It is imperative to "fill defects, stop leaks and strengthen weakness".There is a Chinese saying:"It is not too late to mend a fold after the sheep have been stolen".
RESUMO
The outbreak of COVID-19 has exposed many shortcomings in disease control and prevention system (DCPS) of China. Resolving the problems and strengthening the DCPS became the top priority in China’s public policy agenda. This paper revealed the problems of the system regarding policy-making, regulations, operation mechanism and staff, and proposed several strategies from three aspects of legal construction, management system, and operation mechanism, including: 'Prevention first' should be incorporated into the national legal system, all the departments should be engaged in 'Healthy China 2030' initiative, laws and regulations should be amended, new disease prevention and control management institutions should be set up, a high-quality professional team should be retained, the regional health information exchange channels should be strengthened, the coordinated mechanism for disease prevention and control should be normalized, the long-term investment mechanism should be established, and the equipment renewal and reserve system should be improved.
RESUMO
The outbreak of COVID-19 has exposed many shortcomings in disease control and prevention system (DCPS) of China.Resolving the problems and strengthening the DCPS became the top priority on China′s public policy agenda.This paper reveals the problems of the DCPS system regarding policy-making, regulations, operation mechanism and staff, and proposes several strategies from three aspects of legal construction, management system, and operation mechanism, including:"Prevention first" should be incorporated into the national legal system, all the departments should be engaged in "Healthy China 2030" initiative, laws and regulations should be amended, new disease prevention and control management institutions should be set up, a high-quality professional team should be retained, the regional health information exchange channels should be strengthened, the coordinated mechanism for disease prevention and control should be normalized, the long-term investment mechanism should be established, and the equipment renewal and reserve system should be improved.
RESUMO
Psychoactive substance abuse has been a public health and social problem in the world.The essence of psychoactive substance addiction is a pathological memory (addiction memory) based on alterations in gene expression and synapticplasticity.Here we summarize recent findings in the neurobiological mechanisms of psychoactive substance addiction.
RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and outcomes of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) for patients with symptomatic enlarged prostate after 11 years of experience.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 3162 evaluable patients treated with holmium laser enucleation of the prostate at our institution between August 2001 and August 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Study variables included International Prostate Symptom Score, quality of life, maximum urinary flow rate, and incidence of complications.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HoLEP were performed successfully completed, not patients which occurs as electric cutting syndrome. The operation time was (60.8 ± 18.4) minutes; average resection of prostate quality was (45.4 ± 24.4) g. The hemoglobin reduce though surgery was (1.81 ± 0.93) g/L; percentage of red blood cell change was 1.24% ± 0.43%, and sodium blood drop was (1.14 ± 0.35) mmol/L. Postoperative patients of hospital stay (3.1 ± 1.1) days, average time of indwelling catheter time was (2.3 ± 0.8) days. Patients were followed up for 6-131 months time, an average of 32.4 months. Postoperative patients with international prostate symptom score progressive declined. The quality of life score was 2.2 ± 1.7, and it less than preoperative (5.7 ± 3.3, t = 2.447, P < 0.01). The time of follow-up droped further, and postoperative comparative differences have statistical significance (t = 2.179, 2.228, 2.306 and 2.365, P < 0.05). The maximum urinary flow rate also improved (P < 0.05). Postoperative complications included bladder neck contracture (4 cases), urinary tract infection (107 cases), urethral stricture (11 cases) and urinary incontinence (11 cases). The 11 patients reoperation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HoLEP treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia could achieve the advantages of open surgery the same effect. It had fewer damage, faster recovery, fewer complications, and is a good treatment option.</p>