Effect and mechanism of PNU-282987 on cognitive function of temporal lobe epilepsy model rats / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and mechanism of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor （α7nAChR） agonists PNU-282987 on cognitive function in temporal lobe epilepsy （TLE） model rats. METHODS Sixty rats were randomly divided into control group， model group， PNU-282987 group （3 mg/kg） and methyllycaconitine （MLA）+PNU-282987 group （6 mg/kg MLA+3 mg/kg PNU-282987）， with 15 rats in each group. Except for control group， the TLE model was established in the other groups. After the model was successfully established， each group was given relevant medicine or normal saline intraperitoneally， once a day， for two consecutive weeks. The epilepsy attack of rats was observed and scored， and the duration of seizures was recorded； the cognitive function of rats was detected； pathological morphology of neurons in CA1 region was observed； the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） and IL-1β in the hippocampus were detected； the positive expressions of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 （IBA-1）， α7nAChR， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） p65， p-NF-κB p65 in the hippocampus were detected. RESULTS Compared with model group， the score and duration of seizures， the number of IBA-1 positive cells， the levels of TNF- α， IL-6 and IL-1β， the expressions of NF- κB p65 and p-NF- κB p65 protein decreased significantly in the hippocampus （P＜0.05）； the escape latency time was shortened significantly （P＜0.05）， the time spent in the original platform quadrant and times of crossing the platform increased significantly （P＜0.05）； neuronal damage in the CA1 region of the hippocampus was significantly reduced； the expression of α7nAChR protein increased significantly in hippocampus （P＜0.05）. Compared with PNU-282987 group， the above indexes of rats in MLA+PNU-282987 group were reversed significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS PNU-282987 could improve cognitive dysfunction in TLE model rats， and its mechanism may be associated with inhibiting microglia-mediated inflammatory response through α7nAChR/NF- κB signaling pathway， thus reducing hippocampal neuronal damage.

Total-body skeletal muscle mass determination by D3-creatine dilution in mice / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the potentiality of D3-creatine dilution method to be used in detection of skeletal muscle mass, so as to provide a new method for skeletal muscle mass detection in mice.Methods Four weeks, 10 weeks and 13 months old male C57BL/6 mice (10 each) were used in the present study. All mice were fed with a single dose of D3-creatine (2mg/kg) after testing body composition by EchoMRITM. Urine was collected at 24h, 48h and 72h after creatine administration, and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) that was used to determine the creatine pool size. The relationship between creatine pool size and the skeletal muscle mass determined by EchoMRITM was analyzed.Results Both lean body mass and total creatine pool size were aged mice > adult mice > juvenile mice. There was a significant correlation (r=0.687,P=0.000) between the lean body mass measured by EchoMRITM and the total creatine pool size calculated by D3-creatine dilution method.ConclusionThe D3-creatine dilution method may be used to determine the skeletal muscle mass of mice.

Effects of Cornus officinalis Polysaccharide on Learning and Memory Ability of Vascular Dementia Rats and Its Mechanism / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Cornus officinalis polysaccharide on learning and memory ability of vascular dementia (VD) model rats and its mechanism. METHODS:30 rats were randomly divided into sham operation (normal saline) group,model(normal saline)group and C. officinalis polysaccharide(0.28 g/kg)group. Except sham operation group,VD model was induced in other groups and given relevant medicine intragastrically once a day. After 4 weeks,the frequency of leaping over original platform position,water maze mean escape latencies,platform retention time and average swimming distance were detect-ed,and the mRNA and protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and apoptosis related gene Bcl-2 in hippo-campal tissue of rats were determined. RESULTS:Compared with sham operation group,learning and memory ability of rats in model group weakened,manifesting as the frequency of leaping over original platform position decreased,water maze mean escape latencies prolonged,platform retention time shortened,average swimming distance extended(P<0.05);mRNA and protein expres-sion of BDNF and Bcl-2 in hippocampus decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with model group,learning and memory ability of rats in C. officinalis polysaccharide group increased,manifesting as the frequency of leaping over original platform posi-tion increased,water maze mean escape latencies shortened,platform retention time prolonged,average swimming distance short-ened(P<0.05);mRNA and protein expression of BDNF and Bcl-2 in hippocampus was enhanced significantly(P<0.05). CON-CLUSIONS:C. officinalis polysaccharide can improve the learning and memory ability of VD rats,and its mechanism may be asso-ciated with the expression up-regulation of BDNF and Bcl-2 in hippocampus.

Body composition analysis in transverse aorta constriction mice / 中华临床营养杂志

Objective To observe the change of lipid metabolism during adaptive heart failure.Method The transverse aorta constriction mouse models established by minimal invasive surgery technique were evaluated for early small changes of body composition by EchoMRITM whole body composition analysis,and the different gene expression was analyzed by whole genome expression microarray.Results Three weeks after the surgery,the fat composition,in the mouse models were (0.49 ± 0.13) g,which was significantly lower than that in the sham surgery group [(0.81-±0.14) g] (P =0.002).The expression of the natriuretic peptide type A significantly increased over time (R2 =0.939,P =0.005).In addition,the levels of fatty acid desaturase,long-chain fatty acid elongase 5,and N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase increased,and the levels of acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase,muscle glycogen phosphorylase,and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase decreased,showing increased fat mobilization and decreased carbohydrate utilization.Conclusions Surgery for transverse aorta constriction can cause complex metablic changes in heart.The activated lipid mobilization maybe lead to the low body fat composition.

Chemical constituents from aerial part of Atractylodes macrocephala / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chemical constituents from the aerial part of Atractylodes macrocephala.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The constituents were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and ODS. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectrum analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Fourteen compounds were isolated and identified as atractylenolide I-III (1-3), 2-[(2E) -3, 7-dimethyl-2, 6-octadienyl]-6-methyl-2, 5-cyclohexadiene-1, 4-dione(4), 2, 6-dimethoxyphenol (5), scopoletin (6), 4-methoxycinnamic acid (7), caffeic acid (8), ferulic acid (9) protocatechuic acid (10), 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3- methoxyphenyl) propan-1-one (11), dictamnoside A (12), syringin (13), D-mannitol (14).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All the compounds were isolated from the aerial part of A. macrocephala for the first time and compounds 4, 5, 7-12, 14 were isolated from this species for the first time.</p>

Study on transportation of Xiaochaihu Tang in Caco-2 cell model / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the transportation of Xiaochaihu Tang in Caco-2 cell model.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The safety concentration of Xiaochaihu Tang in Caco-2 cells was determined by MTT assay. Then the Caco-2 cell model was used to investigate the bi-directional transportation of Xiaochaihu Tang. The multicomponents of Xiaochaihu Tang and the influence of time were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The P(app) values of wogonoside and wogonin were (1.23 +/- 0.09) x 10(-6), (1.07 +/- 0.89) x 10(-5) cm x s(-1) from the AP side to BL side, and (2.12 +/- 0.19) x 10(-6) and (7.12 +/- 1.02) x 10(-6) cm x s(-1) from the BL side to AP side, respectively. The P(appAP --> BL)/P(app BL --> AP) ratio of wogonoside and wogonin were 0.58 and 1.49, respectively. Baicalin, baicalein and glycyrrhizic acid could not permeate the Caco-2 cell model.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The transportation of wogonoside and wogonin in Caco-2 cell model may be a passive transportation.</p>

Simultaneous determination of five active constitutents in Xiaochaihu Tang by HPLC / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a HPLC-PDA method for the determination of baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin and glycyrrhizic acid in Xiaochaihu Tang.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A Symmetry Shield RP18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5.0 microm) was used with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.01% H3PO4 in gradient elution. The detection wavelength was 251 nm,the flow rate was 0.45 mL x min(-1) and the column temperature was maintained at 30 degrees C.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity and linearity of this method met the requirements. The contents of the five effective fractions were determined simultaneously.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is rapid,simple and accurate and it can be suitable for the determination of baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin and glycyrrhizic acid in Xiaochaihu Tang simultaneously.</p>

Bicon-threaded cup for treating hip rheumatoid arthritis in 24 cases / 中国组织工程研究

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical effect of Zweymüller bicon-threaded cup in total hip arthroplasty for treating hip rheumatoid arthritis.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed on 24 cases (39 hips) of rheumatoid arthritis selected at the Department of Joint surgery of the Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Shandong University,including 8 males (14 hips) and 16 females (25 hips),aged from 32 to 64 years (average 49.2 years old),course of disease being from 4 to 15 years (average 8.5 years).All the cases the state of wound healing and perioperativ complications were examined,and the position of acetabulum prosthesis was observed by X-ray film.RESULTS:All patients were followed up,and the follow-up time ranged from 14 to 62 months (average 37.5 months).They were all obtained first-stage wound healing,and two cases of gastrocnemius vein thrombus were found among them,occurred by non-operation.All patients were free from pain with stable fixation and mobility increasing.The process of osseo integration being well,the radiolucent line and radiographic loosening of acetabulum prosthesis and sedimentation of stem were not found on antero-posterior pelvis-radiograph and lateral radiograph of ipsilateral hip.The Harris hip score increased from preoperative 33.5 points (17-46 points) to postoperative 86.5 points (79-96 points) at 3 months.There were no complication appeared such as dislocation,fracture and nerve injury.rheumatoid arthritis.

Total hip arthroplasty for treating serious flexed hips caused by ankylosing spondylitis / 中国矫形外科杂志

[Objective]To investigate the means and effect of total hip arthroplasty(THA) for treating serious flexed hips caused by ankylosing spondylitis(AS). [Methods]A total of 20 male patients(28 hips) and 1 female patient(1 hip)with ankylosing spondylitis underwent THA.Eight patients had bilateral surgery.The mean age were 32.4 years(ranged 21~49 years).The disease course were 3~32 years,with the mean of 15.6 years.And the flexed deformation were 30?~95?,with the mean of 58.6,including ankylosis in 23 hips(79.3%).There were 17 patients(22 hips)in the biological prosthesis group and 4 patients(7 hips) in the cement group.The clinical results were evaluated by the Harris hip scoring system.[Results]The mean duration of follow-up were 4.5 years,all hip joints function were improved,and the postoperative Harrris Score were 83.2 versus the preoperative Harrris Score of 21.7.The serious flexed deformity of the involved hips were disappeared.The average range of motion of hip joint were 196?.The pain of the hips were disappeared almost completely and pain of lowerwaists and knees were relieved obviously.Patients got their gait right and could care themselves approximately.[Conclusion]Total hip arthroplasty is an effective treatment for serious flexed hips caused by ankylosing spondylitis.

Value of right ventricular ejection fraction in the preoperative risk evaluation for pulmonary resection / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To evaluate the preoperative right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) as a predictor of postoperative complications after lung resection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>RVEF was consecutively assessed in 254 patients before pulmonary resection by echocardiography. According to preoperative right ventricular function, the patients were divided into: group Ia (n=82, RVEF≥45%), group Ib (n=92,RVEF < 45%), group Ic (n=42, RVEF < 40%),and group Id (n=38, RVEF≤35%). Postoperative RVEF was detected again in 122 patients 3 weeks later after lung resection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Preoperative RVEF of patients with postoperative complications was significantly higher than that of patitents without postoperative complications (P < 0.001). Among group Ia, Ib, Ic, and Id, there were significant differences in postoperative morbidities (P < 0.005). Patients with a preoperative RVEF less than 40% had a higher incidence of complications than those with RVEF over 40% (P < 0.005). Of the 122 patients, postoperative RVEF was remarkably lower than preoperative RVEF (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The preoperative RVEF may be a predictor of postoperative complications for lung resection. RVEF higher than 40% is considered as a safe range for pneumonectomy.</p>

Long term effect of exendin-4 on body weight reduction in rats / 肠外与肠内营养

Objective:To study the effect of exendin-4 on weight reduction in normal rats after long-term subcutaneous injection.Methods:40 Wistar rats aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into four groups and were injected subcutaneously with 0,1,5,25 ?g/kg exendin-4 for 26 weeks.Body weight,food intake,cholesterol,triglyceride,kidney fat pad weight and diameter of adipocytes were measured.Results:Body weight,kidney fat pad weight and serum tricyleride in 25?g/kg group were significantly lower than that in control group(P