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Polymorphism refers to the simultaneous and frequent existence of two or more discontinuous variants or genotypes or alleles in a biological population, also known as genetic polymorphisms or genes Polymorphism. This gene polymorphism may have a certain degree of influence on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug. The study of genomics plays an important role in realizing personalized, patient-oriented precision medicine treatment. Population model analysis is to use a modeling method to quantitatively describe the correlation and variability between pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters and individual characteristics and to quantify the impact of covariates. At present, this method has been widely used. This paper systematically introduces the application examples of using the population model approach to assess the effects of genetic polymorphisms on the drug PK/PD.
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Background and purpose:Although intermittent endocrine therapy is a treatment strategy for new patients with advanced prostate cancer, the use of hormonal therapy is still controversial. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of intermittent hormonal therapy for the patients with advanced prostate cancer and determine the factors influencing efficacy of the treatment.Methods:From Jul. 2009 to May 2015, patients with advanced prostate cancer were treated with 6 months of hormonal therapy, and then efficacy was assessed. A hundred and twenty-eight hormone sensitive patients were randomly divided into intermittent and continuous treatment groups, and were observed with efficacy, side effects, quality of life scores and other indicators. The prognostic factors for intermittent group were analyzed.Results:A total of 128 patients with advanced prostate cancer were enrolled in the study. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were significantly decreased in 96 patients after endocrine therapy. Among those, 43 patients received intermittent endocrine therapy while 53 patients received continuous endocrine therapy. The score of KPS in the intermittent treatment group was 82.6±7.4, which was significantly higher than that of the continuous group (KPS score was 69.8±8.7). There was a sig-nificant difference between them (P0.5). PSA level in the early stage of endocrine therapy and G1eason score before treatment were important factors affecting the prognosis of patients. The patients in the intermittent group were followed up for 13-70 months, and received 1 to 4 cycles of treatment. The number of patients in the treatment was declined during the extension of the treatment, and the treatment interval was shorter.Conclusion:Intermittent endocrine therapy is an effective treatment for advanced prostate cancer. It is safe and reliable. It can improve the quality of life for patients and reduce the economic burden on them.
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Moxibustion,which is simple for manipulation and effective,has always been a very important way for external treatment.Acupuncture and moxibustion were complementary to each other sincc ancient times.but modem people usually only pay attention to acupuncture and neglect the usage of moxibustion.In this paper the importance of moxibustion is expounded briefly.
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S. The migration of CNE-2Z cells was inhibited by chloride channel blockers (ATP, NPPB and tamoxifen), but the inhibitory effect of the blockers varied with cells at different stages. CONCLUSIONS: The migratory ability is associated with the cell cycle in CNE-2Z cells. Chloride channels play an important role in cell migration of CNE-2Z cells.